SE545953C2 - Prismatic battery cell with tolerance-balancing connections and a battery comprising said battery cell - Google Patents

Prismatic battery cell with tolerance-balancing connections and a battery comprising said battery cell

Info

Publication number
SE545953C2
SE545953C2 SE2350263A SE2350263A SE545953C2 SE 545953 C2 SE545953 C2 SE 545953C2 SE 2350263 A SE2350263 A SE 2350263A SE 2350263 A SE2350263 A SE 2350263A SE 545953 C2 SE545953 C2 SE 545953C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
battery cell
battery
terminal
terminals
housing
Prior art date
Application number
SE2350263A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
SE2350263A1 (en
Inventor
Christopher Volkmer
Dieter Schiebel
Dr -Ing Philipp Kellner
Original Assignee
Porsche Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Porsche Ag filed Critical Porsche Ag
Publication of SE2350263A1 publication Critical patent/SE2350263A1/en
Publication of SE545953C2 publication Critical patent/SE545953C2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/588—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries outside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of terminals or busbars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/474—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by their position inside the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/48—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/545—Terminals formed by the casing of the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

In various embodiments, a battery cell (1) is provided, the battery cell (1) comprising a battery cell housing (2) on which a first terminal (3) and a second terminal (4) are arranged for electrically contacting the battery cell; wherein at least one of the terminals (3, 4) is configured so as to be movable, so that it is mounted in a translationally slidable manner along at least one direction and/or pivotable in at least one plane. Further disclosed is a battery (11) equipped with at least two battery cells (1).

Description

Prismatic battery cell with tolerance-balancing connections and a battery comprising said battery cell The present invention generally relates to a battery cell and a corresponding battery having at least two such battery cells.
More specifically, certain embodiments of the present invention relate to a prismatic battery cell with tolerance-balancing connections and a battery comprising said battery cell, in particular for use as a traction battery.
According to the prior art, prismatic battery cells have comparatively stable cell housings, for which reason they are also sometimes preferred for use in traction batteries. Terminals in the cell housing, i.e., Contacting regions of the positive and negative cell poles, are fixedly attached to certain locations, for example on the top side, in the installed state of the battery cell. Multiple cells are connected via busbars welded to these terminals.
Like any component, battery cells have tolerances and also swell over their lifetime in the stacking direction of the cell layers, thereby altering their geometry slightly and accordingly shifting the location of the terminals. ln order to compensate for this swelling (also referred to as cell swelling) and to balance the tolerances, it is known from the prior art to provide a selectively deformable region on the busbars from cell to cell. ln the implementation of battery concepts in which two or more battery cells are to be welded together directly, i.e., without an intermediate busbar, and subsequently stacked, the buffer zone for tolerances and cell swelling is lacking, so to speak. With battery cells of the prior art, no tolerances can be balanced, so that high forces can act on the weld joint between two battery cells during assembly and during cell swelling. ln the worst-case scenario, this can lead to a contact interruption between the directly welded battery cells, which leads to a failure of the battery.
From publication DE 10 2015 215 949 A1, for example, a battery cell, in particular a lithium ion battery cell, is known with at least one terminal and a first component, in particular an insulation and/or seal, which is arranged in a region between the terminal and a battery cell housing. The battery cell is characterized in that an elastic component is arranged between a first component and a terminal, which component at least partially fills in an air gap between the first component and the terminal in order to cushion a movement of the terminal.
Furthermore, from publication DE 10 2018 130 171 A1, an electrochemical energy storing cell is known, which comprises a cell winding, which is accommodated in a housing, the housing being closed at least on one end face by a lid. The lid comprises an attachment part for attaching the lid to the housing and a pole part for contacting an arrester of the cell winding, the attachment part and the pole part being connected to one another via a balancing element and the balancing element being elastically and electrically insulating. ln light of this background, a general problem addressed by the present invention can be considered to be the provision of a configuration for prismatic battery cells that enables or otherwise allows for a safe, direct connection of the battery cells and takes into account tolerances and cell swelling in particular.
This general problem is solved by means of a battery cell and a battery comprising said battery cell according to the independent claims. Further preferred embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.
Although the present invention is described using the example of a prismatic battery cell, it should be clear that the multi-axis tolerance balancing integrated in at least one terminal according to the present invention can also be used in other battery cell shapes with a solid cell housing, on the surface of which connection terminals are arranged, which can be used, and this is in no way dependent on the explicit design of the prismatic cell.
The solution according to some embodiments of the invention consists in that at least one terminal (also referred to as a connection terminal or HV terminal) arranged on the battery cell housing for electrical contacting of a cell pole of the battery cell, which is preferably configured prismatically, is mounted so as to be translationally and/or rotationally movable in at least one direction relative to the battery cell housing. Thus, the at least one terminal has an integrated tolerance balancing. Thus, it is possible to weld at least two battery cells according to some embodiments of the invention directly, i.e., without an intermediate busbar, and thus in a compact and space-saving manner together and subsequently stack them, for example.
According to the present invention, in various embodiments, a battery cell is provided with a battery cell housing on which a first terminal and a second terminal are arranged for electrically contacting the battery cell. The battery cell can preferably be a prismatic battery cell. ln the battery cell according to the invention, at least a part of at least one of the terminals is configured so as to be movable such that it is mounted in a translationally slidable manner along at least one direction or axis and/or pivotable about at least one axis. The case that at least a part of a terminal is configured so as to be movable also includes the case that the entire terminal is movably mounted in the corresponding side wall of the battery cell housing. ln the case of a uniaxial translation and a pivotability in a plane, considered for example, the translation axis can be located in or arranged perpendicular to the pivot plane. Thus, for example, in the context of the associated battery cell, the at least one movable terminal can be slidable laterally (horizontally) and pivotable within a plane arranged vertically in relation to the translation axis (approximately upwards and downwards).
According to further embodiments of the battery cell, one of the terminals is electrically connected the battery cell housing such that, during operation of the battery cell, its potential substantially corresponds to that of the battery cell housing. Accordingly, the other terminal can be configured so as to be movable and can be insulated from the battery housing. ln embodiments in which both terminals are movably mounted, each of the terminals can be embedded in or laterally surrounded by an insulating element and thus can be electrically insulated from the battery cell housing.
According to further embodiments of the battery cell, during operation of the battery cell the movable terminal can have a potential that is different from the battery cell housing by at least 1 V.
According to further embodiments of the battery cell, the battery cell can further comprise an (electrically) insulating element which is arranged between the at least one movable terminal and the battery cell housing and acts as a movable bearing point for the movable terminal. The insulating element can electrically insulate the movable terminal from the battery cell housing.
According to further embodiments of the battery cell, the insulating element can comprise an elastic or rubber-like material, for example made of plastic, for example an elastomer. By anchoring or framing at least one of the terminals in or with the insulating element, it can be movably attached/mounted therein. ln other words, an effect of force on the corresponding terminal mounted in the insulating material can lead to a deformation of the insulating element, thereby altering the charge of the terminal, and the force acting on the terminal is reduced. The insulating element, by virtue of its elasticity, can enable flexible movability of the terminal attached/mounted therein in terms of its style and direction.
According to further embodiments of the battery cell, the insulating element can comprise a material whose stiffness is less than the stiffness of the battery cell housing. The insulating element thus functions as the "weakest link" or deformable link between the battery cell housing and the corresponding terminal, and thus enables a flexible movability of the terminal in terms of its style and direction analogous to the previously described insulating element made of an elastic material. For example, the stiffness of the insulating element or material from which it is made can be at least 50%, or at least one order of magnitude less than the stiffness of the battery cell housing or the material from which it is made.
The insulating element, regardless of its configuration, can be given in the form of two strips, for example, in which case one strip is arranged on the top side and one strip is arranged on the bottom side of the, for example, rectangular or cuboidal terminal, whereby the terminal is overall clamped in an opening of the battery housing. Alternatively, a full arrangement of the insulating element, in the form of a framing, can also be provided. ln this embodiment, due to the fact that the elastic or flexible insulating material is arranged laterally between the battery cell housing and the terminal, the terminal is, so to speak, movable as a whole within its holding window in the battery cell housing to a certain extent, as described above. The element made of insulating material surrounds the terminal and seals it against the battery cell housing. The insulating element has a much lower stiffness than the terminal itself and than the battery cell housing and is thus resiliently flexible, thereby achieving a tolerance balancing. The resilient element takes on the role of a "rubber bearing" of the HV terminal in the cell housing.
According to further embodiments of the battery cell, the at least one movably configured terminal can comprise a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is fixedly connected to the battery cell housing and is connected to the second part via material webs, wherein a clearance is formed between the first part and the second part. ln this embodiment, the movably configured terminal can be integrally formed as a component and can be produced, for example, in the form of an extrusion profile. The desired movability of the second part is achieved in that the material webs represent a planned weak point and can be considered regions of the terminal having increased elasticity relative to the other two parts of the terminal. ln other words, the first part can correspond to an inner part and can be rigidly connected to the battery cell housing. The second part, which can correspond to an outer part, can be resiliently moved relative to the first part via an integrally formed intermediate part (i.e., the material webs) having lower stiffness. Due to the deformation of the material webs (here, a change of their original position opposite the first and/or second part can be meant and/or a structural deformation of the webs themselves), forces can be introduced therein that ultimately lead to a relative movement of the two parts and thus enable a certain degree of movability. The material webs can be configured as thin side walls that extend over the entire length of the side of the terminal on which they are respectively arranged. Thereby, a clearance is formed between the first and second parts, which is open to the two other sides of the terminal on which no material webs are arranged.
According to further embodiments of the battery cell, the two terminals can be located on opposite sides of the battery cell housing. ln such an embodiment, the one terminal can further be translationally slidably mounted and the other terminal can be pivotally mounted. As a result, the tolerance balancing of a subsystem consisting of, for example, two battery cells can be distributed between both battery cells, so that one battery cell can translationally reduce a tolerance by way of at least one terminal, while the other battery cell can reduce a tolerance by a pivoting movement of at least one terminal. However, both terminals can also be similarly configured so that both have the same freedom of movement compared to the battery cell housing.
According to further embodiments of the battery cell, the at least one movable terminal can be mounted so as to be movable in at least one of the following directions or a combination of at least two of the following directions: translationally in the cell thickness direction (arbitrarily referred to as the x-direction), translationally along the normal of the side of the battery cell on which the terminal in question is arranged (arbitrarily referred to as the y-direction), translationally in the cell height direction (arbitrarily referred to as the z-direction), pivotally about an axis in the cell thickness direction (x-direction), pivotally around the normal of the side of the battery cell on which the terminal in question is arranged (y-direction), and pivotably about an axis in the cell height direction (z-direction).
According to the present invention, there is further provided a battery, for example a traction battery for an electric vehicle, said battery having at least two battery cells of the type described herein.
According to further embodiments of the battery, the at least two battery cells arranged therein can be electrically connected directly to one another via their opposite-pole terminals by means of a joining point, i.e. without busbars, but rather by, for example, directly welding the opposite-pole terminals of the two battery cells together.
The battery cell according to the present invention has the advantage that a tolerance balancing is thus enabled at the level of or within the battery cell. As a result, additional components in the form of the busbar, and thus installation space and costs in the battery system outside of the battery cell, can typically be saved. Further, the tolerance balancing within the battery cell enables new designs, such as welding two battery cells directly together. lt is understood that the aforementioned features and the features yet to be explained in the following can be used not only in the respectively specified combination, but also in other combinations, or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Additional advantages and configurations of the invention follow from the description and the enclosed drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the battery cell according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a sectional view through the battery cell according to the invention shown in Fig.
Fig. 3 shows an exemplary arrangement of a plurality of battery cells according to the invention, as can be provided in a corresponding battery.
Fig. 4 shows an arrangement of two battery cells according to the invention, which are connected to one another directly at their terminals.
Fig. 5 shows a further arrangement consisting of two battery cells according to the invention, which are connected to one another directly at their terminals.
Fig. 6 illustrates the functionality of the terminals according to the present invention with respect to their mobility.
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided by way of example so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those persons skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a battery cell 1 according to the invention, in which case the coordinate cross shown below on the right indicates arbitrarily defined spatial directions. Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view along the xy plane (omitting the marginal perspective slant position of the battery cell 1) through the battery housing 2 shown in Fig.
The battery cell 1 according to the invention basically comprises a battery housing 2 in which cell layers 6 are arranged. The battery housing 2 is typically made of a robust material and comprises a first terminal 3 and a second terminal 4 for electrically contacting the battery cell 1. ln the exemplary embodiment shown, the terminals 3, 4 are arranged on opposite sides of the battery cell 1, i.e., at the front and rear side.
According to the present embodiment, the first terminal 3 is configured so as to be movable so that it is mounted in a translationally slidable manner along at least one direction and/or pivotable in at least one plane. These degrees of freedom are indicated by the arrow icons 7, wherein the vertical double arrow represents a translational degree of freedom and the curved double arrow represents a pivoting (rotational) degree of freedom. ln the example shown, the arrow icons mean that the translation axis of the first terminal 3 is in the xy plane, in which the two-dimensional projection of the first terminal 3 can also be pivoted in the cross-sectional view. ln other words, the pivot axis is arranged in the z-direction and is thus perpendicular to the translation axis. The second terminal 4 is configured in a non-movable manner in the battery housing 4 shown, but can also be configured movably according to a further embodiment.
As shown in the cross-sectional view in Fig. 2, in the example shown, the movability of the first terminal 3 is achieved in that it is arranged in an insulating element 5. The insulating element 5 is configured in this case as an elastic frame in which the first terminal 3 is embedded. At the same time, the insulating element 5 acts as a seal and lies with its outer side tightly against an opening, through which the first terminal 3 is guided out of the battery cell housing 1. For example, the translational and pivotal degrees of freedom can be adjusted via the stiffness of the material of the insulating element 5 and/or via the geometry of the insulating element 5. Any desired degree of freedom can thus be permitted to an enhanced extent, for example in that the insulating element 5 is designed to be larger along the associated translation axis and/or designed thinner perpendicularly thereto.
One application case for the battery modules 2 according to the invention is illustrated in Fig. 3. ln this case, a stack 9 consisting of a plurality of battery cells 1 is shown, wherein 2 battery cells 2 adjacent in the y-direction at their opposite-pole terminals 3, 4 are welded together directly. The corresponding weld spot bears the reference numeral 9. The battery cell stack 3 shown in Fig. 3, which comprises five battery cells 1, can be present in a battery housing of a battery. By changing the relative positions of the welded battery modules 2 or by cell swelling, forces acting on the joining point 9 between the terminals 3, 4 of the battery cells 2 can be received by the insulating element 5 and can lead to its deformation. lf the strength of the joining point is greater than the force required for a given particular deformation, then the insulating element 5 serves as a protection element for the joining point 9 in view of a possible detachment of the two terminals 3, 4 from one another. ln Figs. 4 and 5, a top view of an arrangement of two battery cells 1 according to the invention, which are connected directly to one another at their terminals 3, 4, respectively, is shown. Because both arrangements have a relatively similar base structure, the same reference signs are used for the same elements. ln each arrangement, the battery cells 1 are each welded with their oppositely poled terminals 3, 4 directly together, wherein the weld seams bear the reference numeral 9. lnside each of the battery cells 1, the cell layers 6 are located in the form of first plates 31 and second plates 41 coupled to the associated poles. ln both arrangements, both terminals 3, 4 of each battery cell 1 are configured so as to be movable. ln Fig. 4, the terminals 3, 4 are embedded in an elastic material 5, as already explained using the previous drawings. The elastic framing of the inherently rigid terminals 3, 4 enables a tolerance balancing. lf, for example, a force from right to left acts on the upper battery cell 1 (i.e., in the x-direction according to the coordinate system shown below), then the correspondingly constructed bending torque does not act at the joining point, i.e., not on the welds 9, but is rather introduced as a deformation energy into the elastic element 5. The elastic element 5 is the weakest link in the chain, so to speak, and protects the weld points 9 from excessive stress, in that it reduces the bending torques before reaching the joining points between the terminals by self-deformation.
The battery cells 1 shown in Fig. 5 have a shape of the terminals 3, 4 which is modified in comparison to the shape shown in Fig. 5. As shown, the terminals 3, 4 are each formed in two parts with a first part 32, 42 and a second part 33, 43. The first part 32, 42 is fixed or rigidly connected to the battery cell housing 2. By contrast to the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the first part 32,42 is thus rigidly attached to the battery cell housing 2. The first part 32, 42 of each of the terminals 3, 4 is connected to the second part 33, 43 by way of material webs 34, 44, wherein a clearance 35, 45 is formed between the first part 32, 42 and the second part 33, 43. The material webs 34, 44 can extend over the entire length (z-direction) of the rectangular terminals 3, 4 when viewed for example in a side view from the y-direction. The connecting line between the material web 34 and the first part 33, 43 and the second part 34,44 of a corresponding terminal 3, 4 functions for example as a hinge, so to speak, and enables a relative movement of the two parts towards one another in order to reduce forces acting on the two battery cells 1 in order to protect the connection point between the battery cells 1 formed by means of the weld seams The functionality of the two-part terminals 3, 4 shown in Fig. 5 is illustrated in Fig. 6. ln this case, the battery cells 1 have been omitted for the sake of simplicity, because they represent rigid structures and transmit forces acting thereon up to the first part 32,34 of the terminals 3, For example, if a force 60 acts on the upper second terminal 4 (via the associated battery housing 2; not shown), the material webs 34, 44 will deform and thus absorb the deformation energy. This reduces the force 60 that would otherwise act on the weld seams lt should be noted that in Fig. 6, a simple force induction scenario is illustrated by means of the force 60. Of course, the embodiment of the terminal 3, 4 according to the invention also enables an elastic dissipation of forces and thus the protection of the weld seams 9, which act from other directions. For this purpose, it is not only possible to tilt the material webs 34, 44, and also to deform them, for example if the force 60 in Fig. 5 does not act along the x-direction (corresponding to the scenario illustrated in Fig. 6), but rather along the y-direction.
As will be appreciated, modifications and other variants of the described embodiments will come to mind to one skilled in the art having benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing description and associated drawings. Furthermore, although specific terms may be employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, a person skilled in the art would recognize numerous variations to the describedembodiments that would still fall within the scope of the appended claims. As used herein, the terms “comprise/comprises” or “include/includes” do not exclude the presence of other elements or steps. Furthermore, although individual features may be included in different claims, these may possibly advantageously be combined, and the inclusion of different claims does not imply that a combination of features is not feasible and/or advantageous. ln addition, singular references do not exclude a plurality.

Claims (4)

Claims
1. A battery cell (1) comprising: a battery cell housing (2) on which a first terminal (3) and a second terminal (4) are arranged for electrically contacting the battery cell; wherein at least a part of one of the terminals (3, 4) is mounted in a translationally slidable manner along at least one direction and/or pivotable about at least one axis;
2. The battery cell (1) according to claim 1, wherein one of the terminals (3) is electrically connected to the battery cell housing (2), so that, during operation of the battery cell (1 ), its potential substantially corresponds to that of the battery cell housing (2), and to the corresponding other terminal (4) and is configured so as to be movable and is insulated from the battery housing (2). The battery cell (1) according to claim wherein the insulating element (5) comprises an elastic material. \l §,“N_The battery cell (1) according to claim wherein the insulating element (5) comprises a material whose stiffness is less than the stiffness of the battery cell housing (2). The battery cell (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one movably configured terminal comprises a first part (32; 42) and a second part (33; 43), wherein the first part (32, 42) is fixedly connected to the battery cell housing (2) and is connected to the second part (33, 43) via material webs (34; 44), wherein a clearance (35, 45) is formed between the first part (32; 42) and the second part (33, 43). battery cell (1) according to any of claims 1 to wherein the two terminals (3, 4) are located on opposite sides of the battery cell housing (2). The battery cell (1) according to claim wherein the one terminal (3) is mounted so as to be translationally slidable and the other terminal (4) is mounted so as to be pivotable. battery comprising at least two battery cells (1) according to any of claimsto battery according to claim wherein at least two battery cells (1) therein are electrically connected directly via their opposite-pole terminals (3, 4) at a joining point (9).
SE2350263A 2022-03-21 2023-03-09 Prismatic battery cell with tolerance-balancing connections and a battery comprising said battery cell SE545953C2 (en)

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DE102023119733B3 (en) 2023-07-26 2024-06-27 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Method for forming a battery cell stack from electrically contacted battery cells

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US20180287125A1 (en) * 2015-10-16 2018-10-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery terminal comprising an integrated spring or a flexible pad
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DE102015215949A1 (en) 2015-08-20 2017-02-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elastic component to cushion the terminal
DE102017203121A1 (en) 2017-02-27 2018-08-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Electric storage cell with movable pole
DE102018130171A1 (en) 2018-11-28 2020-05-28 Carl Freudenberg Kg Electrochemical energy storage cell

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EP2950366A1 (en) * 2014-05-27 2015-12-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery unit with a plurality of battery cells and battery module with a plurality of such battery units
US20180287125A1 (en) * 2015-10-16 2018-10-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery terminal comprising an integrated spring or a flexible pad
DE102018211171A1 (en) * 2018-07-06 2020-01-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Battery device for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle with a battery device
US20220376360A1 (en) * 2021-02-09 2022-11-24 Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Battery, electrical device, and method and device for manufacturing battery

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