SE545718C2 - Pile for Providing Construction Foundation Support - Google Patents
Pile for Providing Construction Foundation SupportInfo
- Publication number
- SE545718C2 SE545718C2 SE2150280A SE2150280A SE545718C2 SE 545718 C2 SE545718 C2 SE 545718C2 SE 2150280 A SE2150280 A SE 2150280A SE 2150280 A SE2150280 A SE 2150280A SE 545718 C2 SE545718 C2 SE 545718C2
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- pile
- support plates
- rock
- shaft
- hollow
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 stability of ground Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/72—Pile shoes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
- E02D5/28—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals
- E02D5/285—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals tubular, e.g. prefabricated from sheet pile elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
A construction-foundation-supporting pile (100) comprises a hollow pile shaft (140). A tip end of the hollow pile shaft (140) contains at least one opening towards an interior of the hollow pile shaft (140). The at least one opening is adapted to allow soil materials to enter into the interior of the hollow pile shaft (140) when the pile (100) is driven into the ground. The tip end also contains a rock shoe (110) with a rock dowel (111) configured to penetrate and attach to a subterranean rock surface. Thus, the pile (100) may be driven into the ground without requiring drilling or digging. Moreover, the pile (100) may provide highly reliable support against immobile rock surfaces.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates generally to deep foundations for transfer- ring building loads to soil or bedrock at deep levels in the ground. ln particular, the invention pertains to a pile for provi- ding construction foundation support, which pile has a hollow pile shaft.
BACKGROUND
A pile, or piling, is a vertical structural element of a deep foun- dation, which is driven or drilled into the ground at the building site.
A deep foundation is generally preferable over a shallow founda- tion, especially for taller buildings, such as skyscrapers. Ob- viously, very large design loads need support that is both highly secure and stable. Such support cannot be provided by a poor soil at shallow depth. Depending on the type and quality of the ground, different types of deep foundations may be useful. For example, piles of timber, steel, reinforced concrete or prestres- sed concrete may be driven into the ground. Other types of deep foundations may involve excavation and/or drilling.
When installing piles into the ground an amount of soil masses equal to the volume of the pile must either be displaced or re- moved. ln the former case, there is a wide range of potential un- desired effects, including but not limited to; horizontal displace- ments and heave of constructions, buildings and utilities, distur- bance of sensitive soils, stability of ground, pore water pressure increase, buckling of installed piles and disturbance of tempo- rary constructions. ln the latter case, expensive drilling may be required. All of these consequences are problematic, especially if deep piling is needed. For example, in the Scandinavian coun-
tries, where the ground typically contains thick layers of clay soil, piles of up to 100 meters' length may be needed.
One way to mitigate this problem is to use hollow piles that can receive soil in their hollow interior. Namely, thereby much less soil must be displaced when the pile is driven down into the ground.
KR-20150052694-A shows a reinforcing plate with a reinforcing bottom and a hollow pile for direct driving using the same. The reinforcing plate with the reinforcing bottom comprises a base plate and the reinforcing bottom has a flat surface at the front end, which is vertically joined to the base plate. The reinforcing bottom thus hinders soil from entering into the pile via its front end. ln one embodiment, however, openings are provided bet- ween a number of trapezoid boards of the reinforcing bottom. Consequently, some soil may enter into the pile.
KR-20100124166-A discloses a shoe for a driven steel pipe pile, which shoe improves the stability when driving the steel pipe pi- le into the ground. Blades of the shoe push out underground obstacles in the moving path of the driven steel pipe pile. The shoe comprises two shoe frames, which are crossed and con- nected to one another at right angles. Each shoe frame compri- ses an inclined part, which is declined to improve the driving ef- ficiency of the steel pipe pile being driven into the ground. A fixing part of the shoe is attached to the bottom of the steel pipe pile. According to embodiments of the disclosure, spacings are provided in the shoe to allow soil to enter into the pile when it is driven down into the ground.
At least to some extent, the above designs may overcome the problem of displacing soil when driving down piles. However, in order to provide a highly reliable building support, it is important that the pile does not risk sliding against any boulders or rocks encountered in the ground, which boulders or rocks may cause the pile to bend, and eventually break.
SUMMARY
One object of the present invention is therefore to offer an im- proved pile solution, which does not require drilling or excava- ting and also avoids the risk sliding against subterranean boul- ders or rock surfaces.
According to the invention, the object is achieved by a pile for providing construction foundation support. The pile has a hollow pile shaft, and a tip end thereof contains at least one opening towards an interior of the hollow pile shaft. The at least one ope- ning is adapted to allow soil materials to enter into the interior of the hollow pile shaft when the pile is driven into the ground. The tip end further contains a rock shoe with a rock dowel configured to penetrate and attach to a subterranean rock surface. The rock shoe contains a pair of crossed support plates, which extend in parallel with a central axis of the pile. Four different openinqs to the hollow pile shaft are formed between the pair of crossed support plates. ln particular, each of the support plates contains a respective slot, which is configured to receive the slot of the other one of the support plates so as the support plates can be merqed in a riqht-anqle relationship to one another.
This pile is advantageous because it combines an ability to ac- cept soil materials via the tip end with an ability of the tip to at- tach to solid surfaces. The rock dowel also centers the load on the pile. This, in turn, improves the pile's penetration capability, such that it for example more easily passes subterranean boul- ders and rocks without being damaged.
The pair of crossed support plates provide a larqe total opening area to the interior of the pile is combined with a robust basis for the rock dowel provided by the pair of crossed support plates.
The respective slots in the support plates render the tip design hiqhly resistant to the mechanical stressed experienced when the pile is driven into the qround and when it finally attaches to a subterranean rock surface.
According to another embodiment of the invention, each of the crossed support plates has first and second inclined edges ex- tending between a respective base portion and a respective end portion of the support plate. Each of the respective base por- tions is attached to the hollow pile shaft. The inclined edges ren- der the tip end efficient for being driven into the ground.
According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the hol- low pile shaft contains four recesses. A respective one of the base portions of the crossed support plates is fitted into each of these recesses. As a result, the crossed support plates can be connected to the hollow pile shaft in a highly sturdy manner, preferably by welding.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the rock shoe contains an attachment member carrying the rock dowel. The attachment member, in turn, is affixed to the pair of crossed support plates.
Preferably, each of the support plates includes a respective in- dentation that is centered between the first and second inclined edges. Either the rock dowel itself, or the attachment member is affixed into the indentations. This, provides a very stable sup- port for the rock dowel.
l l _ l _ l_ll _ l l _ l l _ ll l .l _ l. _ l l l
Further advantages, beneficial features and applications of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and the dependent claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention is now to be explained more closely by means of preferred embodiments, which are disclosed as examples, and with reference to the attached drawings.
FigureFigureFigureFigureFigures 5a-5c
Figureshows a perspective view of the tip end of a pi- le according to a first embodiment of the in- venüon;
shows a perspective view of the tip end of a pi- le according to a second embodiment of the in- venüon;
illustrates how a set of openings is formed in the tip end of a pile according to one embodi- ment of the invention;
shows a set of recesses in the tip end of the pile, which recesses according to one embodi- ment of the invention are configured to receive a pair of crossed support plates for the rock dowel or an attachment member carrying the rock dowel;
illustrate the design of the support plates ac- cording to one embodiment of the invention; and
shows a side view of the pile according to one embodiment of the invention illustrating how soil materials may enter into an interior of the pile via openings in the tip.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the tip end of a pile 100 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The pile 100 is intended to be used for providing construction foundation sup- port after having been driven into the ground, preferably until reaching a subterranean rock surface or similar solid entity.
The pile 100 has a hollow pile shaft 140. A tip end of the pile 100 is open. Specifically, according to the invention, the tip end contains at least one opening that is adapted to allow soil mate- rials to enter into the interior of the hollow pile shaft 140 when the pile 100 is driven into the ground.
Figure 3 exemplifies a set of four such openings V1, V2, V3 and V4 respectively in the tip end of the pile 100. The openings V1, V2, V3 and V4 are here formed between a pair of crossed sup- port plates 131 and 132 respectively, which are attached in the tip end of the pile
The pair of crossed support plates 131 and 132 both extend in parallel with a central axis A of the pile 100. This means that respective main surfaces of each of the support plates 131 and 132 are parallel with the central axis A.
Referring again to Figure 1, we see that the tip end also inclu- des a rock shoe 110 with a rock dowel 111 that is configured to penetrate and attach to a subterranean rock surface. Thus, the pile 100 is able to provide a solid construction foundation sup- port against a subterranean rock surface. The rock dowel 111 preferably consists of, or contains, hardened/tempered steel. ln the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1, where the rock dowel 111 is affixed directly to the pair of crossed support plates 131 and 132, the rock dowel 111 is preferably made of structural steel that may be hardened.
Figure 4 shows a set of recesses 151, 152, 153 and 154 respec- tively in the tip end of the pile 100 according to one embodiment
of the invention. The recesses 151, 152, 153 and 154 are confi- gured to receive the pair of crossed support plates 131 and 132. Since, preferably, the support plates 131 are 132 arranged in a right-angle relationship to one another, the recesses 151, 152, 153 and 154 are preferably distributed at 90 degrees intervals from one another around the perimeter of the hollow pile shaft 140. An attachment member 112 is mounted in the support pla- tes 131 and 132, and the attachment member 112, in turn, car- ries a rock dowel 111, i.e. the element for penetrating and atta- ching to the subterranean rock surface.
Figures 5a, 5b and 5c illustrate further details of the design of the support plates 131 and 132 according to one embodiment of the invention. Each of the support plates 131 and 132 contains first and second inclined edges 41a and 41b respective 42a and 42b.
ln a first support plate 131, the first inclined edge 41a extends between a base portion 41af and an end portion 41at, and the second inclined edge 41b extends between a base portion 41bf and an end portion 41bt. Analogously, in a second support plate 132, the first inclined edge 42a extends between a base portion 42af and an end portion 42at, and the second inclined edge 42b extends between a base portion 42bf and an end portion 42bt. Each of the base portions 41af, 41bf, 42af and 42bf respectively is attached to the hollow pile shaft 140. For example, the base portions 41af, 41bf, 42af and 42bf may be fitted into a respec- tive one of the four recesses 151, 152, 153 and 154 shown in Fi- gure 4. Preferably, for stiffness and strength reasons, all contact surfaces between the crossed support plates 131 and 132 and the hollow pile shaft 140 are welded.
Referring now to Figure 2. According to a second embodiment of the invention, the rock shoe 110 may contain an attachment member 112 carrying the rock dowel
Depending on whether the rock dowel 111 is carried by an at- tachment member 112, each support plate in the pair of crossed support plates 131 and 132 may contain a respective indentation 41i and 42i as shown in Figures 5a and 5b, which indentations 41i and 42i are either configured to affix the rock dowel 111 itself, or the attachment member 112 carrying the rock dowel 111. ln any case, a first indentation 41i is centered between the first and second inclined edges 41a and 41b in the first support plate 131, and second indentation 42i is centered between the first and second inclined edges 42a and 42b in the second sup- port plate 132. Again, analogous to the above, for stiffness and strength reasons, all contact surfaces between the support plates 131 and 132 and the attachment member 112 are welded.
Additionally, to secure the support plates 131 and 132 steadily to one another, each of the support plates 131 and 132 prefer- ably contains a slot 41m and 42m respectively, which is configu- red to receive the slot of the other one of the support plates 131 and 132, so as to merge the support plates 131 and 132 in a right-angle relationship to one another. Also here, for stiffness and strength reasons, all contact surfaces between the support plates 131 and 132 are preferably welded together.
Figure 5c shows the tip of the pile 100 seen towards the tip along the axis A, i.e. straight into the hollow pile shaft 140, be- fore the rock shoe 110 has been affixed to the crossed support plates 131 and
Figure 6 shows a side view of the pile 100 illustrating how soil materials may enter into the hollow pile shaft 140 thereof via two V1 and V2 of the above-mentioned four openings.
As is apparent inter alia from Figures 5c and 6, the combined area of the openings V1, V2, V3 and V4 constitute a substantial part of the total inner area of the hollow pile shaft 140. Conse- quently, when being driven down into the ground, the pile 100 will experience comparatively small resistance from the soil ma-
terials. This renders the proposed invention a highly efficient means of providing construction foundation support, especially at locations where deep piling is required.
Variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed in- vention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims.
The term “comprises/comprising” when used in this specification is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components. The term does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more additional elements, features, inte- gers, steps or components or groups thereof. The indefinite ar- ticle "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. ln the claims, the 10 word “or” is not to be interpreted as an exclusive or (some- times referred to as “XOR”). On the contrary, expressions such as “A or B” covers all the cases “A and not B", “B and not A” and “A and B", unless otherwise indicated. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.
lt is also to be noted that features from the various embodiments described herein may freely be combined, unless it is explicitly stated that such a combination would be unsuitable.
The invention is not restricted to the described embodiments in the figures, but may be varied freely within the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
- Claims 1. A pile (100) for providing construction foundation support, the pile (100) comprising a hollow pile shaft (140) a tip end of which comprises at least one opening (V1, V2, V3, V4) towards an interior of the hollow pile shaft (140), which at least one opening (V1, V2, V3, V4) is adapted to allow soil materials to enter into the interior of the hollow pile shaft (140) when the pile (100) is driven into the ground, the tip end comprisesing a rock shoe (110) with a rock dowel (111) configured to penetrate and attach to a subterranean rock surface.- the rock shoe (110) eempriseæ, comprising: a pair of crossed support plates (131, 132) extending in pa- rallel with a central axis (A) of the pile (100), the at least one opening (V1, V2, V3, V4) being formed between the pair of cros- sed support plates (131, 132).-, characterized in that each of the support plates (131, 132) comprises a respective slot (41m; 42m) configured to receive the slot of the other one of the support plates (131, 132) so as to merqe the support plates (131, 132) in a riqht-anqle relationship to one another. 32. The pile according to claim 2 l, wherein each of the crossed support plates (131, 132) comprises first and second inclined edges (41a, 41b; 42a, 42b) extending between a respective base portion (41af, 41bf; 42af, 42bf) and a respective end portion (41at, 41bt; 42at, 42bt) of the support plate (131, 132), wherein each of the respective base portion (41af, 41bf; 42af, 42bf) is attached to the hollow pile shaft (140). 43. The pile according to claim 3 2, wherein the hollow pile shaft (140) comprises four recesses (151, 152, 153, 154) eachof which into a respective one of the base portions (41af, 41bf; 42af, 42bf) of the crossed support plates (131, 132) is fitted. äí. The pile according to claim 4 å, wherein the rock dowel (111) is affixed to the pair of crossed support plates (131, 132). êQ. The pile according to claim 5 í, wherein each of the support plates (131, 132) comprises a respective indentation (41i, 42i) being centered between the first and second inc|ined edges (41a, 41b; 42a, 42b) into which indentations (41i, 42i) the rock dowel (111) is affixed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE2150280A SE545718C2 (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Pile for Providing Construction Foundation Support |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE2150280A SE545718C2 (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Pile for Providing Construction Foundation Support |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE2150280A1 SE2150280A1 (en) | 2022-09-12 |
| SE545718C2 true SE545718C2 (en) | 2023-12-19 |
Family
ID=83507696
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE2150280A SE545718C2 (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Pile for Providing Construction Foundation Support |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SE (1) | SE545718C2 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2874547A (en) * | 1956-04-18 | 1959-02-24 | Fiore | Pile driving point and ram for open end pipe piles and h-beam bearing piles |
| KR20100124166A (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2010-11-26 | (주)삼오기초건설 | Shoe for steel pile |
| SE1250549A1 (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-01 | Rautaruukki Oyj | Pile and mountain shoe for pile |
| CN206800386U (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-12-26 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Pile top for prefabricated tubular pile under lagoon geological conditions |
| KR101859152B1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-05-17 | 비알테크(주) | Auger-drilled pile assembly |
| US20180371842A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | Marti Gründungstechnik Ag | Drill Head for a Drilling Device for Creating Drill Holes in Insufficiently Stable Foundation |
-
2021
- 2021-03-11 SE SE2150280A patent/SE545718C2/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2874547A (en) * | 1956-04-18 | 1959-02-24 | Fiore | Pile driving point and ram for open end pipe piles and h-beam bearing piles |
| KR20100124166A (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2010-11-26 | (주)삼오기초건설 | Shoe for steel pile |
| SE1250549A1 (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-01 | Rautaruukki Oyj | Pile and mountain shoe for pile |
| CN206800386U (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-12-26 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Pile top for prefabricated tubular pile under lagoon geological conditions |
| KR101859152B1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-05-17 | 비알테크(주) | Auger-drilled pile assembly |
| US20180371842A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | Marti Gründungstechnik Ag | Drill Head for a Drilling Device for Creating Drill Holes in Insufficiently Stable Foundation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE2150280A1 (en) | 2022-09-12 |
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