SE520244C2 - Apparatus for opening and closing a pivotable door leaf or the like and door construction with such a device - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for opening and closing a pivotally mounted door leaf including an actuator, which is displaceably and/or rotatingly arranged in a housing and connected to the door leaf and which, during displacement/rotation, actuates the door leaf, and a drive motor which is connected to the actuator for providing displacement/rotation thereof.

Description

25 30 35 520 244 2 Although door openers of this type allow manual opening of the door leaf, it is a heavy maneuver, which is a disadvantage especially for elderly and disabled people.

In the event of violent manual opening, either intentionally or by vandalizing kicks and violent blows, there is also a risk of the door opener's drive motor being damaged.

As a further example of background technology, mention may be made of the device known from DE-A-3 730 114, which, however, it also suffers from the above-mentioned disadvantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a solution to the above-mentioned problems.

This and other objects, which will appear from the following description, have now been achieved by means of a device which has the features stated in the appended claim 1 with preferred embodiments in the following dependent claims 2-10. The objects are also achieved by means of a door construction with the features stated in the appended claim ll.

The device according to the invention thus has a control member comprising two elements which are connected to each other by means of a prestressed spring member in such a way that the movement of the door leaf and the rotational movement of the drive motor can be picked up and stored in the spring member independently of each other.

The device provided by the invention is extremely advantageous in that it consists of few components. The device thus becomes cheaper and less bulky than previously known door openers. The reduced dimensions mean that the device can easily be mounted both on the door leaf itself and on the door frame above. No complicated installations in ceilings or walls are therefore necessary. Furthermore, the invention means that there is no direct coupling between the operating shaft and the drive motor, meaning that force effects on the elements included in the operating member can be absorbed independently of each other. 10 15 20 25 30 35 520 244 3 According to a first aspect of the invention, the actuator is axially displaceable in the housing. The telescopic movements occurring in this embodiment between the two elements housed in the housing entail many advantages. First, movement of the control shaft will not affect the engine. The movement of the control shaft instead provides an axial displacement of the outer element relative to the inner element which, due to its connection to the motor, remains stationary. As a result, the drive motor will not be affected by a manual opening, such as with known door openers, so that the door leaf will be easier to open manually. In addition, the risk of the engine being damaged or, in the worst case, failing to operate too violently is eliminated. Secondly, the power of the motor can be reduced, since the action from the motor only results in a displacement of the elements together in the housing, whereby the control shaft and thus the door leaf are affected. In this case, no components need to be compressed, but the entire power of the engine goes to the opening.

The drive motor preferably has a threaded motor shaft which is in threaded engagement with a threaded bearing at one end of the inner element. Accordingly, no gear steps are required between the engine and the actuator, thereby reducing the noise level of the device.

A damper means is advantageously arranged in the device for reducing the rotational speed of the operating shaft. The door leaf will thus not be closed at too high a speed.

Preferably, two sensors in the form of an angle sensor and a position sensor are also arranged at the motor shaft and along the outer element, respectively. A connection can thus be obtained between the angle of rotation of the motor shaft, and thus the axial position of the slide, and the axial position of the element for improved control of the door opener.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the operating member is rotatably arranged in the housing, which in principle provides the same advantages as above. In this embodiment, the dimensions of the device can be further reduced, and the possibility of mounting the device directly on the door opens particularly easily. In special cases, the device can act directly in connection with the suspension of the door leaf, for example in connection with its hinges.

Brief Description of the Drawings The invention will be described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings which, by way of example, show presently preferred embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device designed in accordance with a first embodiment which is mounted on a door frame above a door leaf.

Fig. 2 shows, partly in section, the device in the view II-II in Fig. 1.

Figures 3-5 show axial sections along III-III in Figure 2, which illustrate three different positions.

Fig. 6 is an end view along VI-VI in Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view along VII-VII in Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is an axial sectional view of a damper member for a device according to the first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 9 shows in axial section a device according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along X-X in Fig. 9.

Description of preferred embodiments A device designed according to a first embodiment of the invention for opening and closing door leaves or the like will in the following be described and referred to as door openers according to common technical language. By door opener is meant that both opening and closing of associated door leaves is possible.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a door opener 1 which is mounted above a pivotable door leaf 2 to be operated. The door opener 1 is mounted on a door frame 3 belonging to the door leaf 2. The first and second mounting devices 4, 5, which are shown in Fig. 2, enable the attachment of the door opener to the opener. 1 on the door frame 3. An operating shaft 6 belonging to the door opener 1 perpendicularly (vertically) is connected to the door leaf 2 via an arm system 7. The arm system 7 comprises an arm 8 extending parallel to the upper edge of the door leaf 2 and a door arrangement 2 arranged on the door leaf 2. fastening means 9 for fastening one end of the arm 8 to the door leaf 2. The opposite end of the arm 8 is rotatably connected to the operating shaft 6.

The door opener 1 comprises, as shown in Fig. 2, an elongate housing or housing 10, in which a first Elongate element 11 is slidably mounted and thus axially displaceable in the housing 10. The element 11, which is cylindrical, has on its outer surface first engaging means in the form of a rack 12, which is in engagement with second engaging means in the form of a toothed ring 13 arranged on the operating shaft 6.

As best seen in Figures 3-5, the element 11 has an axially extending race 11a, in which two along the entire length of the element 11, diametrically opposite and parallel running grooves 14, 15 are formed (see Fig. 7). In the grooves 14, 15, a second elongate element, in the form of a slide 16, is slidably mounted and thus axially displaceable in the bore 11a of the element 11. The slide 16 has an elongate recess 16a and is in the form of a rectangular frame construction with opposite first and second long sides 17, 18 and two transverse, axially spaced first and second end pieces 19, 20 with abutment surfaces 19a, 20a.

The long sides 17, 18 and the abutment surfaces 19a, 20a delimit the rectangular recess 16a. The axial displacement of the slide 16 in the grooves 14, 15 of the element 11 is thus effected by a displacement of the long sides 17, 18 of the slide 16 in said grooves 14, 15. The grooves 14, 15 and the two long sides 17, 18 of the slide 16 located therein are shown in fig. 7.

The elements 11 and 16 thus form an axially displaceable operating member which is accommodated in the housing 10 and which is connected to the door leaf 2 via the operating shaft 6. It can be seen from Figs. 3-7 that the elements 11 and 16 are coaxially arranged in the housing 10 with respect to a center axis C.

Between the first and second abutment surfaces 19a, 20a a prestressed spring member is arranged, here in the form of a compression spring 23 (helical spring) placed between the associated first and second washers 21, 22. The washers 21, 22 abut against the ends of the spring 23, which are axially biased in the direction of the first and second abutment surfaces 19a, 20a. Accordingly, the washers 21, 22 are located between the ends of the spring 23 and the abutment surfaces 19a, 20a.

The washers 21, 22 are flat, circular disc elements with a diameter that is slightly smaller than the hole in the element 11 (see Fig. 6).

Fig. 6 shows the above-mentioned second washer 22 and the end piece 20. Fig. 6 also shows stop means arranged at the end of the element 11 in the form of screws 24. Similar screws 24 are also found at the opposite end of the element 11, as is clearly shown in Fig. 2. The screws 24 are attached to the ends of the element 11 in such a way that the heads of the screws 24 partially overlap and abut against the washers 21, 22. Thus, the washers 21, 22 can not move past the screws 24, whereby the spring 23 and the washers 21, 22 will be retained. inside the element ll lopp lla. The slide 16, on the other hand, is axially displaceable even outside the bore 11a of the element 11.

The first end piece 19 is provided with a continuous threaded bearing 25 which is arranged at the center axis C of the element 11. In the threaded bearing 25, a motor shaft 28 connected to a drive motor 27 is rotatable. Thus, during operation of the drive motor 27, its motor shaft 28 rotates in the threaded bearing 25 and pulls the slide 16 axially back and forth along the motor shaft 28 in the bore 11a of the element 11.

The door opener 1 also comprises a damper member 29 shown in detail in Fig. 8. The damper member 29 is arranged inside the slide 16 and comprises an elongate damper housing »ws = 2¿ @ i¿af en: ëgzïa fi as 22.166 30 in the form of a first and second housing portion 31, 32 which are connected to each other. The division of the damper housing 30 into two portions 31, 32 is advantageous in terms of manufacturing technology.

The washer 21 years fixed in the house party 31.

The damper member 29 further comprises a rod 33, one end of which is attached to the second washer 22 belonging to the spring member 23. The fixing takes place by means of a screw 34. The rod 33 is mounted via sealing rings 35 along the inner wall of said first portion 31. The sealing rings 35 have O-rings mounted which are arranged to prevent leakage between the rod 33 and the sealing rings 35 and the sealing rings 35 and the second portion 32, respectively.

The rod 33 is slidable into the second portion 32 of the damper housing 30. A piston 36 is fixedly mounted on the rod 33 and locked by means of locking rings 37 and abuts against the inner wall of the second portion 32. The piston 36 has a number of through holes which are parallel to the rod 33. On the piston 36 a choke washer 38 is arranged, which is pressed against the piston 36 by means of a spring washer. The surface between the piston 36 and the throttle washer 38 is provided with channels (not shown) extending from the above-mentioned through holes to the outer circumference of the piston 36. In a space 40 between the sealing rings 35 there is hydraulic oil. Upon axial displacement of the rod 33, the hydraulic oil flows through the channels and holes from one side of the piston 36 to the other.

The use of the door opener 1 according to the first embodiment will now be described in more detail. The door opener 1 can be operated either manually by direct action on the door leaf 2 or by means of the drive motor 27. Fig. 3 shows a starting position for the actuator comprising the two elements 11 and 16. Fig. 4 shows a situation where the motor shaft 28 rotates and the control shaft 6 (Fig. 2) is stationary. Fig. 5 shows a situation where the motor shaft 28 is stationary and the operating shaft 6 rotates.

When opened manually, the door leaf 2 will be directly affected by someone either pulling on or pressing the same. The arm 8 connecting the door leaf 2 to the door 21.1 .; - ..: ~ ¿; - _11 _., = ~., ~. .Sat; .- ~ .. ~ .. ~ -_I ~ š. The opener 1 will thus be pivoted and thereby actuate the control shaft 6. The rotation of the gear ring 13 of the control shaft 6, which is in gear engagement with the rack 12 of the element 11, thereby causes an axial movement of the element 11 in the housing 10. The slide 16 which is connected to the in this case stationary motor 27 will remain immobile, the element 11 being displaced axially relative to the stationary slide 16. This displacement is shown in particular in Fig. 5, in which the element 11 has been displaced in the arrow shown in Fig. 3. A direction.

As has been described above, the spring means 21, 22, 23 are permanently retained inside the element 11 by means of the stop means 24 abutting against the washers 21, 22 of the spring means.

During said displacement of the element 11, a compression of the compression spring 23 thus takes place when the stop means 24, which abut against the second washer 22 of the slide 16, carry the washer 22 and the spring 23 together with the element 11.

Consequently, manual opening takes place with a force corresponding to the force to compress the spring 23. Since there is no direct connection to the motor 27, which is thus not affected by a manual opening, as is the case with conventional door openers, the door leaf 2 thus becomes easy to open. The closing of the door leaf 2 after manual opening takes place by the force of the compressed spring 23.

The door leaf 2 thus does not need to be closed manually but is closed by its own spring force. The speed of the rotational movement of the control shaft 6 when closing is reduced by the damper member 29. The door leaf 2 will therefore not "slam" again.

When the motor is opened, the motor shaft 28 is rotated in the threaded bearing 25 in the first end piece 19 of the slide 16. 16. The spring 23 will therefore not be compressed, whereby the force of the motor 27 is only used to maneuver the door leaf 2. In case of motorized opening or closing there is an obstacle in the way of the door leaf 2, e.g. a person, the door leaf 2 and the control shaft 6 and in turn the said element 11 will be kept in position. The motor 27 will then displace the slide 16 relative to the element 11, the magnitude of the force experienced by the obstacle (person) from the door leaf 2 corresponding only to the force of the compression of the spring 23. The force from the motor 27 will thus not be transmitted to the person who may be in the way of the door leaf 2.

Figures 9-10 show a device according to a second embodiment of the invention which is based on rotational movements instead of axial movements as described above. In this case, the actuator arranged in a housing 50 consists of a cylindrical, rotatably mounted element 51 which houses a pivot shaft 52 connected to the arm 8. The element 51 and the pivot shaft 52 are coaxially arranged in the housing 50 with respect to the center axis C. Functional the element 51 corresponds to the slide 16 in the axial embodiment, while the pivot shaft 52 corresponds to the elongate element 11. Instead of an axially acting compression spring, a pivot spring 53 housed in the housing 50 is used which surrounds the pivot shaft 52 and which in turn is surrounded by the pivot bearing. element 51. A planetary gear 54 connected to the motor shaft 28 and the inside of the element 51 enables rotation of the element 51 via the motor shaft 28 driven by the motor 27.

The rotary spring 53 is arranged via special stop means 55 to enable both motorized operation and manual operation of the door leaf 2 in analogy to what has been described above. When the engine is opened, the motor 27 rotates the motor shaft 28 which, via the planetary gear 54, rotates the two elements 51 and 52 together so that the arm 8 is pivoted and the door leaf 2 is opened. The pivot spring 53 then serves to hold the elements 51 and 52 together. When opened manually, the arm 8 of the door leaf 2 pivots against the action of the pivot spring 53, which is clamped without any action on the motor shaft 28. Thus, the pivot shaft 52 is rotated while the element 51 is stationary.

In summary for the two described embodiments, it can be said that the door opener has an operating member comprising two elements 11, 51 which by means of a prestressed spring member 23, 53 are spring-loaded in such a way 16 and 52, respectively, that both elements are either displaceable / rotatably driven together of the drive motor 27 for operating the door leaf, or displaceable / rotatable relative to each other in the event of external action of the door leaf.

Via the spring means 23, 53 the elements 11, 16 and 52, 51 are so connected to each other that the pivoting movement of the door leaf 2 and the drive motor 27 (via the motor shaft 28) can be picked up and stored in the spring means 23, 53 independently of each other.

According to a further embodiment not shown in more detail here, the two embodiments related in the foregoing can be combined in that the elements of the operating member are arranged with both axial displaceability and rotatability in the housing.

Control of the door opener A control can be assigned to the door opener according to the invention, meaning that certain predetermined parameters are adjustable. Examples of adjustable parameters are the position of the door leaf in the closed position and the fully open position, respectively. The door leaf opening speed and closing speed can also be set. Another parameter that can be set is what opening time the door leaf should have.

The control is also regulated so that certain signals incoming to the door opener will result in certain predetermined maneuvers of the door. For example, a signal from a handicapped adapted opening button will result in a certain adapted opening holding time.

Furthermore, the control is regulated by two sensors belonging to the door opener. One sensor is a position sensor which indicates the position of the element in the housing, while the other sensor kas-sf, 10 15 20 25 30 35 520 244 ll consists of an angle sensor which indicates the angle of rotation of the motor shaft. With the aid of the above-mentioned sensors, a connection is obtained between the number of revolutions of the motor shaft a and the position 7 of the element (mm).

When the door opener moves without the coil spring being compressed, ie with motorized opening without obstruction to the door, the relationship y = constant x a applies. If, on the other hand, the door leaf is operated manually, y changes while a is unchanged. In the preferred embodiment, the following applies: If -2 <y - constant * a <2, the motor is not affected.

If (y - constant * a) is outside the above range, start the engine and run until Iy - constant * a | <0.5.

Consequently, with the aid of the above-mentioned sensors, a combined manual and motorized opening can take place. If the door leaf is opened manually the first degrees (approx. 5 °), the engine can then be started. Since the spring is slightly compressed through the manual partial opening, the continued manual opening can take place without the spring having to be pressed together further, whereby the door leaf will swing freely and is thus very easy to open.

Alternative embodiments of the invention It should be pointed out that the invention is applicable to many different types of doors, such as hinged, revolving, folding and balancing doors, as well as doors and gates of various kinds (including windows). The door opener can also be mounted on the door leaf itself. Furthermore, it is understood that the connection between the door leaf and the door opener can be achieved by means of different arm systems. The invention can also be applied to so-called pivot-hung doors, in which there is no arm system but the control shaft arranged on the door opener directly affects a hinge on the door leaf to be operated. Said influence can take place via an alternating stage.

Finally, it should be pointed out that further modifications of the door opener according to the invention described above are possible within the scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims. For example, it can be mentioned that the spring member can be of a different design than what has been described above.

Claims (11)

A device for opening and closing a pivotable door leaf (2) or the like, comprising an operating member slidably and / or rotatably arranged in a housing (10; 50) which is coupled to the door leaf and which in the case of displacement / rotation actuates the same, and a drive motor (27) which is coupled to the actuator for effecting displacement / rotation thereof, (l1; 52) which is coupled to the door leaf, and a second element wherein the actuator comprises a first element (16; 51) which is connected to the drive motor (27), characterized in that (11, 16; 51, 52) are connected by means of a prestressed spring means (23; 53) by drawing the elements together in such a way that the door leaf (2) (27) is arranged and stored in the spring means (23; 53) independently of movement or the rotational movement of the drive motor, respectively, are arranged to be taken apart. Device according to claim 1, in which the two elements (11, 16) are telescopically connected to each other, the biased spring member (23) being housed in the two elements. Device according to claim 2, in which the first element (11) is axially displaceable in the housing (10), (16) and axially displaceable therein. wherein the second element (ll) Device according to claim 2 or 3, in which it is housed in the first element. The first element (11) has engaging means (12) which engage with corresponding engaging means (13) of an operating shaft (6), which protrudes from the housing (10) and is arranged- (2), (27) is connected to the second element housed in (ll). Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive motor (16) comprises operating the door leaf of the first element, the spring means comprising an axially biased compression spring (23) housed in the second element (16). 10 15 20 520 244§s¶n; 14 The device of claim 1, wherein the first member comprises a pivot shaft (52) housed in the housing (50) (51) spring member (53) disposed therebetween, the spring jet and surrounded by the second member having the member comprising a torsion spring (53) as at each end (51, 52). Device according to one of the preceding claims, at (23; 53) connected to the two elements (11, 16; 51.52) included in the operating member. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, at is connected to the elements which the spring means are arranged between and which elements of the operating means are arranged for both axial displacement and rotation. Device according to claim 8, in which the spring means of the operating member serve as both compression springs and torsion springs. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, which further comprises a damping means (29) arranged to damp the movements of the operating means (11, 16; 51, 52). 11. ll. Door construction, characterized in that it has a device according to one of the preceding claims.