SE461663B - PROCEDURES FOR EXPOSURE OF HEAVY CHROMES ON STEEL OR AN ALUMINUM ALLOY OF Aqueous, CR0 AND SULFUR ACID CONTAINING ELECTROLYT - Google Patents
PROCEDURES FOR EXPOSURE OF HEAVY CHROMES ON STEEL OR AN ALUMINUM ALLOY OF Aqueous, CR0 AND SULFUR ACID CONTAINING ELECTROLYTInfo
- Publication number
- SE461663B SE461663B SE8405681A SE8405681A SE461663B SE 461663 B SE461663 B SE 461663B SE 8405681 A SE8405681 A SE 8405681A SE 8405681 A SE8405681 A SE 8405681A SE 461663 B SE461663 B SE 461663B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- process according
- added
- salts
- concentration
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 halogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical class [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical class [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OPUAWDUYWRUIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L methanedisulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)CS([O-])(=O)=O OPUAWDUYWRUIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OPUAWDUYWRUIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CS(O)(=O)=O OPUAWDUYWRUIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium sulfate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910020440 K2SiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004014 SiF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLCOIQRNSJBFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;sulfurochloridic acid Chemical compound C.OS(Cl)(=O)=O LLCOIQRNSJBFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/10—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium characterised by the organic bath constituents used
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Description
461 663 2 10 15 20 25 30 35 vis såsom kiselfluorväte eller dettas alkali- eller jord- alkalisalter. Dessa elektrolyter uppvisar förutom en rad gynnsamma egenskaper också graverande brister. Hit hör ett avsevärt angrepp på de ovan framhållna stállegeringarna och aluminiumlegeringarna, varvid en frätning sker, vilken kan leda till hålbildning och underminering. Liknande är förhållandena vid andra metallegeringar. Användningen av blandsura krombad begränsas därigenom i hög grad. Härtill kommer, att fluoriderna respektive de komplexa fluoriderna är flyktiga och närmare bestämt t.o.m. även då man arbetar med låg badtemperatur. Genom fluoridernas respektive de komplexa fluoridernas flyktighet förändras badsammansätt- ningen, så att regelbundna analyser och nyjusteringar av badsammansättningen är nödvändiga. Ändamålet med uppfinningen är därför, att pá metallegeringar i synnerhet på järnlegeringar (stål) och aluminiumlegeringar vid högt katodiskt strömutbyte utfälla ett hårdkromskikt ur en vattenhaltig elektrolyt, som innehåller kromsyra och svavelsyra, och närmare bestämt utan att fara för en störande frätning av ytan föreligger och utan att badsammansättningen ändrar sig genom betydelsefulla badkomponenters flyktighet. 461 663 2 10 15 20 25 30 35 such as silicon fluorofluorocarbon or its alkali or earth alkali salts. These electrolytes exhibit in addition to a row favorable properties also serious deficiencies. This includes one significant attack on the steel alloys highlighted above and the aluminum alloys, whereby a corrosion occurs, which can lead to hole formation and undermining. Similar is the conditions of other metal alloys. The use of mixed acid chromium bath is thereby greatly limited. In addition will, the fluorides and the complex fluorides, respectively are volatile and more specifically t.o.m. even when working with low bath temperature. Through the fluorides and those respectively the volatility of complex fluorides changes the bath composition so that regular analyzes and new adjustments of the bath composition is necessary. The object of the invention is therefore to apply metal alloys in particular on iron alloys (steel) and aluminum alloys at high cathodic current output precipitate a hard chrome layer out an aqueous electrolyte containing chromic acid and sulfuric acid, and more specifically without endangering corrosion of the surface is present and without the bath composition changes through the volatility of significant bath components.
Företrädesvis skall man arbeta med ett katodiskt strömutbyte på över 20 %.Preferably, one should work with a cathodic current exchange of over 20%.
Lösningen på denna uppgift är kännetecknad av att man i och för höjning av strömutbytet tillsätter en organisk förening i form av en mättad, alifatisk sulfonsyra med maximalt två kolatomer och maximalt sex sulfonsyragrupper eller deras salter eller halogenderivat och att man arbetar vid en koncentration av den organiska substansen på över 0,5 g/l, med en badtemperatur på 20 - 70°C och en strömtäthet på 15 - 100 A/dmz och varvid därutöver inga andra organiska föreningar för höjning av strömutbudet tillsättes elektro- lyten. Särskilt lämpliga är metansulfonsyra, etansulfonsyra, metandisulfonsyra, 1,2-etandisulfonsyra, salter av förut- nämnda syror, metansulfonklorid. Uttryckt i formel är föremålet för uppfinningen användningen av en organisk 461 663 3 förening med strukturen l ° ll Rl - (li - S' - RÖ l R3 O 5 varvid Rl - H eller kan vara _ - CH3 eller O ll - S - Rs eller ll 0 10 R O l ll - c - s - 116 l ll Rs O varvid R2 - Rs - H eller kan vara 15 O ll S - R 461 665 10 15 20 25 30 4 och varvid R6 - OH eller kan vara - OMe eller halogen för det angivna ändamålet.The solution to this task is characterized by the fact that in and to increase the current yield adds an organic compound in the form of a saturated aliphatic sulfonic acid with a maximum of two carbon atoms and a maximum of six sulfonic acid groups or theirs salts or halogen derivatives and that one works at one concentration of the organic substance exceeding 0,5 g / l, with a bath temperature of 20 - 70 ° C and a current density of 15 - 100 A / dmz and in addition no other organic compounds to increase the power supply are added electrically. lyten. Particularly suitable are methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, methanedisulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid, salts of said acids, methanesulfonic chloride. Expressed in formula is the object of the invention is the use of an organic 461 663 3 association with the structure l ° ll Rl - (li - S '- RÖ l R3 O Wherein R 1 - H or can be _ - CH3 or O ll - S - Rs or ll 0 10 R O l ll - c - s - 116 l ll Rs O wherein R 2 - R 5 - H or can be 15 O ll S - R 461 665 10 15 20 25 30 4 and wherein R 6 - OH or can be - OMe or halogen for the stated purpose.
Enligt en föredragen utföringsform av uppfinningen bildas den organiska föreningen genom kemiska eller elektrokemiska reaktioner i elektrolyten. Varianter av utföringsformerna framgår av kännetecknen i krav 3 - 7. öivetvis kan SISO4 och andra Sr-salter likaså tillsättas.fDe angivna organiska föreningarna fungerar inom ramen för uppfinningen med över- raskande effekter. Ehuru badet uppvisar samma fördelar som ett klassiskt krombad, förbättras det katodiska strömutbytet avsevärt. Någon störande frätning på ytan förekommer icke.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention is formed the organic compound by chemical or electrochemical reactions in the electrolyte. Variants of the embodiments appears from the features in claims 3 - 7. of course, SISO4 can and other Sr salts are also added.fThe specified organic the compounds function within the scope of the invention with disruptive effects. Although the bath has the same benefits as a classic chrome bath, the cathodic current exchange is improved considerably. There is no disturbing corrosion on the surface.
Detta gäller i synnerhet för ytan på stål- och aluminium- legeringar. Till och med vid hög badtemperatur förändrar badet icke sin sammansättning genom betydelsefulla bestånds- delars flyktighet. Detta ligger inom ramen för uppfinningen, att man till badet i och för förbättring av spridningen till- sätter borsyra intill mättning.This applies in particular to the surface of steel and aluminum alloys. Even at high bath temperature changes bath does not have its composition through significant constituents volatility of parts. This is within the scope of the invention, to the bath in order to improve the spread puts boric acid next to saturation.
I det följande skall uppfinningen förklaras i anslutning till utföringsexempel. 1. Man tillreder en klassisk svavelhaltig kromelektrolyt med 250 g/1 Cr03 och l,2% HZSO4 - räknat på Cr03-halten.In the following, the invention will be explained in connection with working examples. 1. A classic sulfur-containing chromium electrolyte is prepared with 250 g / l CrO 3 and 1.2% H 2 SO 4 - calculated on the CrO 3 content.
En provkropp förkromas med 50 A/dmz katodisk strömtäthet vid 55°C. Det katodiska strömutbytet - räknat på reduk- tionen av Cr6+ till Cr - uppgår till 15,0%. Fällningarna är makrosprickiga.A specimen is chrome-plated with a 50 A / dmz cathodic current density at 55 ° C. The cathodic current exchange - calculated on the the concentration of Cr6 + to Cr - amounts to 15.0%. The precipitates are macro-cracked.
Till denna elektrolyt tillsättes nu 1 g metansulfoklorid.To this electrolyte is now added 1 g of methanesulfochloride.
En provkropp förkromas under de angivna betingelserna.A specimen is chrome-plated under the specified conditions.
Strömutbytet uppgår nu till 23,9%. Fällningarna är fin- sprickiga. ° 461 663 2.I en elektrolyt bestående av 180 g/l Cr03, mättad med SrO4, löses 3 g/1 metansulfonat och en provkropp förkromas under betingelserna i exempel 1. Här motsvarar den mättade strontiumsulfatmängden analytiskt - till följd av disocia- tion - i kraftigt sur miljö en svavelkoncentration på 2 - 10 15 20 25 30 35 3 %. Således behöver här ingen ytterligare svavelsyra tillsättas.The power output now amounts to 23.9%. The precipitates are fine cracked. ° 461 663 2.In an electrolyte consisting of 180 g / l CrO3, saturated with SrO4, 3 g / l of methanesulfonate are dissolved and a specimen is chromium-plated under the conditions of Example 1. Here it corresponds to the saturated the amount of strontium sulphate analytically - due to disocia- in a highly acidic environment a sulfur concentration of 2 - 10 15 20 25 30 35 3%. Thus, no additional sulfuric acid is needed here added.
. En elektrolyt bestående av 200 g/l Cr03, 6 g/l H,SO¿ och 5 g/l etansulfonat ger under betingelserna i exempel 1 ett katodiskt strömutbyte på 24,7% med finsprickig struktur"pà fällningarna.. An electrolyte consisting of 200 g / l CrO3, 6 g / l H, SO2 and 5 g / l ethanesulfonate gives under the conditions of Example 1 a cathodic current yield of 24.7% with fine cracked structure "on the precipitates.
. En elektrolyt bestående av 300 g/l Cr03, 3,3 g/l HZSO4, 4 g/l metansulfonsyra och 3,5 mg/1 SeO2 ger vid en katodisk strömtäthet upp till 55 A/dmz och en arbetstemperatur på ungefär 55°C ett katodiskt strömutbyte på 26%. Å 25,7% strömutbyte erhålles, om man under samma be- tingelser som i exemplet l använder en elektrolyt bestående av 300 g/l Cr03, 4 g/l HZSO4 och 3 g/l metandisulfonsyra. Fällningarna är finsprickiga.. An electrolyte consisting of 300 g / l CrO 3, 3.3 g / l H 2 SO 4, 4 g / l methanesulfonic acid and 3.5 mg / l SeO 2 give at a cathodic current density up to 55 A / dmz and a working temperature of about 55 ° C a cathodic power output of 26%. Oh 25.7% current yield is obtained, if under the same conditions which in Example 1 use an electrolyte consisting of 300 g / l CrO 3, 4 g / l H 2 SO 4 and 3 g / l methanedisulfonic acid. The precipitates are fine-grained.
Provkroppar av stål provades med hänsyn till angrepp vid 55°C under katodisk polarisation vid 0,2 - 0,8 A/dmz, dvs under den för kromutfällning nödvän- diga katodiska strömtätheten. 300 3,3 Elektrolyt 1: g/1 CrO3 q/1 H2so4 300 3,3 Elektrolyt 2: g/1 CrO3 9/1 HZSO4 3 g/l metandisulfonat Elektrolyt 3: 300 g/1 Cr03 0,6 % HZSO4 10 g/1 K2SiF6 461 663 10 15 20 25 Per time uppmättes en bortfrätning i GT' Elektrolyt 1 av 0,5 - 1,0 mg/dmz Elektrolyt 2 av 0,0 - 0,5 mg/dmz Elektrolyt 3 av 0,8 - 1,4 g/dmz.Steel specimens were tested for infestation at 55 ° C during cathodic polarization at 0.2 - 0.8 A / dmz, ie below that required for chromium precipitation dense cathodic current density. 300 3.3 Electrolyte 1: g / l CrO3 q / 1 H2so4 300 3.3 Electrolyte 2: g / l CrO3 9/1 HZSO4 3 g / l methane disulfonate Electrolyte 3: 300 g / l CrO 3 0.6% H 2 SO 4 10 g / l K2SiF6 461 663 10 15 20 25 Per hour, a corrosion was measured in GT ' Electrolyte 1 of 0.5 - 1.0 mg / dmz Electrolyte 2 of 0.0 - 0.5 mg / dmz Electrolyte 3 of 0.8 - 1.4 g / dmz.
Man valde den katodiska polarisationen, emedan angreppet vid ringa katodisk polarisation erfarenhetsmässigt är större än i tillstånd utan främmande ström och emedan' de av frätning betingade skadorna företrädesvis kon- centrerar sig i kromutfällningens gränsomràde.The cathodic polarization was chosen because of the attack in the case of low cathodic polarization, empirically greater than in conditions without foreign current and because ' the damage caused by corrosion is preferably centers in the border area of the chromium precipitate.
Provkroppar bestående av Al-legering (a=AlMg1 och b=AlMgSi1) provades under betingelserna i exemplet 6 (vid 0,8 A/dmz). Följande resultat visade sig: 16,0 mg/dmz 3,0 mg/dmz i elektrolyt l - a) + b) + i elektrolyt 2 - a) 8,0 mg/dmz b) + 8,2 mg/dmz 0,8 g/dmz bortfrätning 1 , o g/dmz bortfrätning i elektrolyt 3 - a) - b) - Viktökningen i elektrolyterna 1 och 2 torde bero på bildning av Al-oxider eller kromater. Otvetydig är den kraftiga viktförlusten i elektrolyt 3.Samples consisting of Al alloy (a = AlMg1 and b = AlMgSi1) was tested under the conditions of Example 6 (at 0.8 A / dmz). The following results were found: 16.0 mg / dmz 3.0 mg / dmz and electrolyte l - a) + b) + in electrolyte 2 - a) 8.0 mg / dmz b) + 8.2 mg / dmz 0.8 g / dmz corrosion 1, o g / dmz corrosion and electrolyte 3 - a) - b) - The weight gain in electrolytes 1 and 2 is probably due to formation of Al oxides or chromates. Unequivocal is the sharp weight loss in electrolyte 3.
I tillstånd utan främmande ström visade sig likaså av- sevärda skillnader: o i elektrolyten 2 uppstod per timme en bortfrätning av 20 mg/dmz vid AlMgl och ¿ av 32 mg/dmz vid AlMgSi1. 461 665 ~J under det att vid elektrolyt 3 gick 0,75 g/inz vid Almgl och 0,94 q/amz vid Almgsil i lösning. 8. Flyktigheten för HF respektive SiF4 ur elektrolyter, som är innehållande fluorider eller komplexa fluorider, är tillräckligt känd. En elektrolyt med 300 g/1 CrO3, 1,3 % HZSO4, räknat på Cr03, och 5 q/l metandisulfonat visade efter en livslängd av tre månader vid 50°C ingen mätbar 10 förlust av sulfonat och ingen minskning av strömutbytet.In conditions without foreign current, it also turned out notable differences: O in the electrolyte 2 a corrosion occurred per hour of 20 mg / dmz at AlMgl and ¿ of 32 mg / dmz at AlMgSi1. 461 665 ~ J while at electrolyte 3 went 0.75 g / inz at Almgl and 0.94 q / amz at Almgsil in solution. 8. The volatility of HF and SiF4 from electrolytes, which contain fluorides or complex fluorides, are sufficiently known. An electrolyte with 300 g / l CrO3, 1.3% H 2 SO 4, based on CrO 3, and 5 q / l methane disulfonate showed after a service life of three months at 50 ° C no measurable 10 loss of sulfonate and no reduction in current yield.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843402554 DE3402554A1 (en) | 1984-01-26 | 1984-01-26 | DEPOSITION OF HARD CHROME ON A METAL ALLOY FROM AN AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE CONTAINING CHROME ACID AND SULFURIC ACID |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8405681D0 SE8405681D0 (en) | 1984-11-13 |
| SE8405681L SE8405681L (en) | 1985-07-27 |
| SE461663B true SE461663B (en) | 1990-03-12 |
Family
ID=6225909
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8405681A SE461663B (en) | 1984-01-26 | 1984-11-13 | PROCEDURES FOR EXPOSURE OF HEAVY CHROMES ON STEEL OR AN ALUMINUM ALLOY OF Aqueous, CR0 AND SULFUR ACID CONTAINING ELECTROLYT |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3402554A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2558852B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2153387B (en) |
| HK (1) | HK102588A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE461663B (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4588481A (en) * | 1985-03-26 | 1986-05-13 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Chromium plating bath for producing non-iridescent, adherent, bright chromium deposits at high efficiencies and substantially free of cathodic low current density etching |
| DE3933896C1 (en) * | 1989-10-11 | 1990-10-11 | Lpw-Chemie Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De | |
| JPH04502786A (en) * | 1989-11-06 | 1992-05-21 | アトフィナ・ケミカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | Protection of lead-containing anodes during chrome electroplating |
| DE4011201C1 (en) * | 1990-04-06 | 1991-08-22 | Lpw-Chemie Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De | Coating workpiece with chromium for improved corrosion resistance - comprises using aq. electrolyte soln. contg. chromic acid sulphate ions, and fluoro:complexes to increase deposition |
| US5196108A (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1993-03-23 | Scot Industries, Inc. | Sucker rod oil well pump |
| DE4432512C2 (en) * | 1994-09-13 | 1998-12-17 | Lpw Chemie Gmbh | Use of a process for the electrolytic deposition of chrome layers |
| US5735136A (en) * | 1995-09-11 | 1998-04-07 | Howe Corporation | Flake freezing machine and system using same |
| DE19828545C1 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 1999-08-12 | Cromotec Oberflaechentechnik G | Galvanic bath for forming a hard chromium layer on machine parts |
| DE19913273C2 (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2003-07-24 | Lpw Chemie Gmbh | Process for producing pearl chrome layers on workpieces made of metal, in particular steel |
| DE10255853A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2004-06-17 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Manufacture of structured hard chrome layers |
| DE102004019370B3 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-09-01 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Production of optionally coated structurized hard chrome layer, used e.g. for decoration, protection or functional coating on printing roller or stamping, embossing or deep drawing tool uses aliphatic sulfonic acid in acid plating bath |
| JP4650157B2 (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2011-03-16 | マツダ株式会社 | Plating film for sliding part and method for forming the same |
| DE102008017270B3 (en) | 2008-04-04 | 2009-06-04 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Structured chromium solid particle layer and method for its production and coated machine element |
| ES2546007T3 (en) | 2013-04-17 | 2015-09-17 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Functional chrome layer with improved corrosion resistance |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2949040A (en) * | 1954-06-30 | 1960-08-16 | Rockwell Standard Co | Vehicle drive mechanism |
| DE1034545B (en) * | 1955-05-16 | 1958-07-17 | Leon Stock | Loading and unloading device, in particular for loading and unloading of fertilizer or the like. |
| DE1034945B (en) * | 1956-05-15 | 1958-07-24 | Riedel & Co | Smoothing agent and bath for electrolytic chrome plating from an aqueous hexavalent chromic acid solution |
| US3745097A (en) * | 1969-05-26 | 1973-07-10 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Electrodeposition of an iridescent chromium coating |
| US3758390A (en) * | 1971-06-18 | 1973-09-11 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Novel cromium plating compositions |
| US4450052A (en) * | 1982-07-28 | 1984-05-22 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Zinc and nickel tolerant trivalent chromium plating baths |
-
1984
- 1984-01-26 DE DE19843402554 patent/DE3402554A1/en active Granted
- 1984-11-13 SE SE8405681A patent/SE461663B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-12-03 FR FR8418402A patent/FR2558852B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-12-20 GB GB08432194A patent/GB2153387B/en not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-12-15 HK HK102588A patent/HK102588A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3402554A1 (en) | 1985-08-08 |
| SE8405681D0 (en) | 1984-11-13 |
| GB2153387A (en) | 1985-08-21 |
| HK102588A (en) | 1988-12-23 |
| GB8432194D0 (en) | 1985-01-30 |
| FR2558852B1 (en) | 1990-02-02 |
| GB2153387B (en) | 1988-01-20 |
| FR2558852A1 (en) | 1985-08-02 |
| SE8405681L (en) | 1985-07-27 |
| DE3402554C2 (en) | 1987-09-10 |
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