SE0950705A1 - A device for the recovery of soluble salts - Google Patents

Description

62096 CN 1131127 describes a process for insolubilizing salts contained in a liquid by the addition of chemical reagents, such as phosphate and barium salts.

The precipitation solutions are separated by filtration, whereby the liquid - in this case water - has a reduced salt content. In this process, electric fields, magnetic fields or frequencies are not used and it cannot form complexes.

SUMMARY The present invention encompasses a process for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds in a liquid medium by physical stimuli. The compounds formed may be inorganic or organic, simple or complex. The technical problem solved by the present invention is to convert high solubility salts into insoluble compounds so that they can be separated from the liquid to utilize both the separated salts and the remaining purified liquid.

In a single stage or reactor, reaction mechanisms and physical changes occur, such as the initial precipitation of complexes that serve as nuclei for subsequent mechanisms of nucleation and adsorption of other formed species.

The formation of these first precipitates is due to the action of an electric and magnetic field applied by an ultrafiltered electric current transmitted via electrodes in addition to the ionic contribution from one of the electrodes acting as a victim.

Then a second round of ions is added, usually aluminum, calcium, iron, lead or tin to form new complexes with the salts present in the liquid. In this way, the size of the first formed nuclei increases through these new complexes and at this stage adsorption of other formed non-complex salts occurs. 62096 The different complexes are formed by the selectivity of the processes achieved by applying electromagnetic wave frequency in radio wave spectra at frequencies of 1 KHz to 2 MHz, with equipment generating electromagnetic waves of different geometry and frequency.

Possible uses for this technology include, but are not limited to: O Desalination of seawater, precipitation of chlorides and sulphates. o Removal of salts from acidic water from mining. o Precipitation of salts from PLC solutions from mining. o Treatment of drinking water, precipitation of chlorides and sulphates. o Treatment of boiler water and cooling, removal of sulphates and chlorides. o Treatment of irrigation resources, precipitation of chlorides and sulphates. o Treatment of irrigation resources, precipitation of phosphates and nitrates. o Treatment of wastewater, precipitation of chlorides, sulphates and phosphates. o Treatment of wastewater, precipitation of nitrates and nitrites. o Make salts insoluble in manufacturing processes of drugs and chemical reagents in general. o Precipitation of salts as pretreatment in ultrafiltration and reverse OSmOS DTOCGSSGI processes ". Although these examples may be the best known, many other processes may benefit from the insolubilization of usually soluble salts and thus optimize performance and / or purity. Thus, if a process uses part or all of the technique of the present invention, it is encompassed by the invention.

This technology uses ultrafiltered DC voltage, with a sine wave variable wave geometry, attenuated sawtooth pulse, square wave pulse and a radio spectrum electromagnetic wave signal applied through a pair of electrodes. All this together can improve the precipitation reactions.

In addition, a preferred pH range is needed for said precipitation, which should be between pH 4 and pH 12. However, the process can give good results in any range of the pH scale. Later there is a stage of isokinetic coagulation of the precipitated particles, this coagulation being electrically assisted. The applied voltage, corresponding to electric and magnetic fields, is also in a range which should be between one and one hundred volts, while the intensity of the current consumption should be between '10mA and 3A. As mentioned above, the voltage and the electromagnetic signal are applied through electrodes immersed in the solution to be treated. The material used to design these electrodes varies depending on the water quality. These materials can be: lead, platinum, aluminum, copper, carbon, gold, tin, zinc, iron, titanium, boron, nickel or diamond.

The whole process of forming insoluble compounds is done in a single unit, which consists of several elements, namely: - a reactor containing 1 pair of electrodes in different designs and different manufacturing materials, inserted along the side of the reactor, placed opposite each other, connected to a power source and a source of magnetic induction located outside the device, 62096 - a second pair of electrodes of a different design and manufacturing material, inserted into the reactor, placed opposite each other and next to the first pair of electrodes, connecting to a frequency generator located outside the reactor, - a helical format conductive elements located outside the reactor and connected to a power source and a source of magnetic induction, where current flows through this element generating specific magnetic fields, - supply of photon-treated air produced by an air pump and photon transmitters introduced into the reactor through a capillary located next to the electrode connected to the power source negative pole so that the capillary ends up as close to the bottom of the reactor as possible, - an electric and magnetic field generator and an adjustable frequency generator located outside the reactor, - an adjustable speed paddle agitator located in the center of the reactor.

In addition, all processes can be performed in other facilities with more than one unit.

The precipitation process includes determined pressure and temperature values in the ranges of 1 and 10 bar and 0 to 90 ° C, respectively. This is because the precipitation process is based on a concentration, which means a shift of the equilibrium constant which allows supersaturation. The temperature effect affects the reaction kinetics, which increases the precipitation process because the molecular collisions accelerate and thus increase the kinetic constant. Application of external pressure leads to the same result. A clear example of this is the precipitation of jarosit, the formation of which is not possible under normal conditions and consequently the application of these variables is necessary.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows the parts of the invention and their interconnections. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The process takes place in a single step, in a device comprising a reactor (1) containing a pair of electrodes (2 and 3) connected to a current source and a magnetic source. induction (4) and a second pair of electrodes (5 and 6) connected to a frequency generator (7). A stream of photon-treated air containing ozone and oxidant-free radicals is introduced into the reactor via an air pump (9) which circulates the air through a photon generator (10). In addition, a helical conductive element (11) surrounds the outside of the reactor, through which a current circulates which generates specific magnetic fields.

Said element is connected to a current source and a source of magnetic induction (4) which generates current. Everything is stirred by a mechanical or magnetic stirrer (8), and a chemical reagent is added to provide the ions which are not in the liquid and which are necessary to complete the desired insoluble complexes. In most cases, calcium and hydroxyl ions are insufficient, so preferably lime is used as the sole reagent.

EXAMPLE 1: Taking the example of applying the seawater desalination process, the mechanism used is as follows: 62096 First, an air mixture passing through photons is applied and this is then applied directly to the seawater. The chemical reactions obtained are: 1, f * ~ šßfthñza fi zïtš? In 293% gfàšë 205- The above reaction is applied until pH> 9.8 units. The electric field is applied through aluminum electrodes which give a second electrolytic reaction, which is: .aš fi ei fi åfrs + ag- The aluminum reacts with the OH ions and forms the first nucleation based subsequent reaction: so “+ aozfuíázta fi j; When the aluminum hydroxide nuclei are formed, the calcium hydroxide is metered in and a radio frequency with a wavelength of 1.8 MHz is applied, and then the following precipitation reaction of sulphate, chlorides and phosphates is formed: sca fl + aseë-Pf + zaâçasjzemílcaiaä: (5993, omm in; _, 3 êfaí ”+ 2: 3 ~ E- ZÅštIQI-Iljz -l- QHZÛ -š šífägø- fagššzfšg fl ííššfjl: Kit Efgøßï S fi ß” -l- 310953 í- QHW-g- fi fa fl šäütt kopp QH Alternativ with the formation of ionic aluminum, used on a pair of copper electrodes to first form the reaction: Ca '+ 26' The nitrate is captured from the medium based on the following reactions: cz fl s me; ästšraz), fi: å * e eH-eïcura-H), 62096 With this and in the preceding radio frequency medium and field the following reaction is formed:: ica-ia t »zšac; + zcia-amstievogzasarem, Consequently, chlorides, sulfates, phosphates and nitrates have precipitated. The removal of anions means the removal of aluminum, copper and calcium. Each precipitate formed has a high adsorption capacity of heavy metals.

These formed insoluble compounds are usually micro-precipitates that need to grow. To initiate growth, flocculation is induced by adding a polymer and then separation by decantation and then by filtration.

The following table shows the operating and dosing conditions through which the experience with seawater from San Antonio (Region V, Chile) was developed.

Intensity of aluminum 5 mps 1 2 Intensity of copper 0.1 amps 3 Voltage 0.62 Volt 4 Time 60 minutes 5 A1 mass 1,679 mg 6 Cu mass 1 19 mg 7 Dose of air 1.5 Umin 8 Dose of lime 17.5 g / L 9 Radio frequency 1.5 MHz 10 Applied pulse attenuated saw wave 11 Sample volume 0.75 L 12 Dose of alumina 4.85 g / L 13 Total energy 3.1 Watts-h The following table shows the efficiencies achieved in removing salt from the sea water. The table shows the column untreated, which indicates the quality of the seawater. The Treated column indicates the value after flocculation and filtration through sand and coal. The% Removed column indicates the value obtained.

Chloride mg / L 19,500 2,650 86.4% Sulfates mg / L 2,850 327 88.5% 62096 Nitrates mg / L 220 25 88.6% Phosphates mg / L 78 5 916% Example 2: Another example of salt precipitation is the insolubilization of sulphates in mining waters.

For this, a sample was taken from the water of the Collahuasi mine with an initial sulphate content of 5,200 mg / L.

The complex used was the precipitate, such as sodium lumenite. šf fl äzsíï fl eht fi lih] Element M can be sodium or potassium. For this we have used the following mechanism.

First, an air mixture is applied which is allowed to pass through photons and which is then applied directly to the seawater. The reactions obtained are: ššyåvê fi š fi 22,625 -šøz effich eaffe eefi- The previous reaction is applied until pH> 9.8 units. The electric field is applied by aluminum electrodes, which gives a second electrolytic reaction which is: .sníeäst fi + so 'The aluminum reacts with the OH ions and forms the first nucleation based on the following reaction: egt * + sofz-fíílåzrafr), At equilibrium aluminum hydroxide nuclei are formed which then precipitates as jarosit in the medium with radio frequency and electric field. 62096 išßêäá Efe aa šfí * -l- Záål fl êfílg ~ E 259; -l- åš fi- i- å fl ÅåQSQQÉIIQHR] The operating conditions are: Pl intensity of amps aluminum Voltage Volt Time minutes Al-mass mg Dose of lu fi 11min Radio frequency MHz Applied pulse saw wave Sample volume L Total energy Watts-h KW \ OGO \ IG \ UI-BUJN The results obtained are: Sulfates mg / L In this way, various insoluble elements can be formed to reduce the salts. 10

Claims (2)

62096 PATENT REQUIREMENTS An apparatus for the formation of insoluble chemical complexes from the salts comprising the liquid to be treated, which comprises a reactor comprising: a) a pair of electrodes of different design and manufacturing materials, inserted along the side of the reactor, opposite each other, connected to a power source and a source of magnetic induction located outside the unit, b) a second pair of electrodes of different design and manufacturing materials, inserted along the side of the reactor, opposite each other and next to the first pair of electrodes, connected to a frequency generator located outside the reactor, c ) a helical conductive element located outside the reactor and connected to a power source and a source of magnetic induction, circulating through this element current generating specific magnetic fields, d) supply of photon-treated air produced by an air pump and a photon transmitter and which is fed into the reactor through a capillary located adjacent to the electrode connected to the negative pole of the power source so that the capillary ends up as close to the bottom of the reactor as possible, e) a generator for electric and magnetic fields and an adjustable frequency generator located outside the reactor, f) a paddle stirrer with adjustable speed located in the middle of the reactor Device for the formation of insoluble chemical complexes, characterized in that the current source and the source of magnetic induction provide an ultrafiltered DC voltage with variable wave geometry of sine type, attenuated sawtooth pulse, square pulse 11 62096 and an electromagnetic wave signal of radio spectrum applied through a pair or electrodes individually, succeed in initiating the precipitation reactions, these electrodes being housed in a device which connects them to generators of electric and magnetic fields, as well as to frequency generators. Device for the formation of insoluble chemical complexes according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactions which take place in the reactor takes place within the entire range of the pH scale, preferably between pH 4 and pH 12, depending on the equilibrium constant, followed by an isokinetic coagulation stage of the precipitated particles using electricity. Device for the formation of insoluble chemical complexes according to Claim 1, characterized in that the applied voltages correspond to electric and magnetic fields with voltages between one and one hundred volts and current intensities between 10 mA and 3A. Device for the formation of insoluble chemical complexes according to Claim 1, characterized in that the electric and magnetic fields and / or the frequencies are transferred between different types of electrode pairs made of one of the following elements: lead, platinum, aluminum, copper, carbon, gold, tin, zinc , iron, titanium, boron, nickel, diamond, said first electrode acting on a level with the second electrode of the same element, with the second electrodes as above or alloys thereof. B) <2) d) e) f) 9) h) 62096 Device for the formation of insoluble chemical complexes according to claim 1, characterized in that the implementation of all processes inside the reactor takes place within a temperature range between 0 and 90 ° C and in a pressure range between 1 and 10 bar. Method for using an apparatus for forming insoluble chemical complexes, characterized in that it comprises: providing a leaching reactor with a pair of electrodes of different design and manufacturing materials, placed along the side of the reactor, opposite each other, providing a second pair of electrodes of different design and manufacturing materials, located along the side of the reactor, opposite each other and adjacent to the first pair of electrodes, provide a power source located outside the reactor, provide a frequency generator located outside the reactor, provide a photon-treated air supply system, provide an air pump and capillary located adjacent the electrode connected to the negative pole of the current source, provide an electric and magnetic field generator and an adjustable frequency generator, located outside the reactor, provide a paddle stirrer with adjustable speed located in the center of the reactor, 13 i) k) 62096 maintain a helical conductive element surrounding the reactor on the outside, introduce a solution containing insoluble chemical complexes in the reactor, inject air containing ozone and free radicals into the reactor using an air pump, injector pre-treated air and the capillary, while applying an electromagnetic signal or frequency in the radio spectrum to a solution containing insoluble chemical complexes in the reactor by means of the frequency generator and a pair of electrodes, m) simultaneously applying an electrical voltage consisting of pulsating direct current to p) q) the solution containing insoluble chemical complexes in the reactor by means of the current source and a other pairs of electrodes, simultaneously applying specific magnetic fields using the helical conductive element, simultaneously stirring the solution containing insoluble chemical complexes in the reactor with the paddle stirrer, simultaneously adding a chemical reagent, preferably lime, which supplies ions not present in the liquid and which are necessary To fulfill the desired insoluble chemical complexes, add a second addition of ions such as aluminum, calcium, iron, lead or tin to form new complexes with the salts contained in the liquid. 14