SE0950454A1 - Bearing device for an agricultural implement - Google Patents

Description

15 20 25 30 90l75, l0l0 2 Another problem is that prevailing in various forms of working means which are to work the soil under the surface, for example cultivator sticks. These usually have to have a strongly prestressed but resilient construction in order to be able to fold away when it hits fixed obstacles such as rocks, tree roots or other objects in the ground. This resilient construction usually means that a coil spring or hydraulic cylinder is built into the attachment of the work member.

This resilient structure is usually called a "rock release" and must have such a high preload that it does not spring back for normal ground resistance. One problem is that the rock release can cause damage to the agricultural implement.

Problem The object of the present invention is to provide a storage device for an agricultural implement of the type mentioned in the introduction, which device solves the above-mentioned problem.

Brief description of the invention The object is achieved with a device at an agricultural implement, which storage device has been given the features characterized by claim 1.

Preferred embodiments of the bearing device according to the invention have been given the features set forth in the subclaims.

The problem is solved largely free of charge by designing the outer casing e of the suspension in such a way that abutments are formed, preferably six pieces. These stops are suitably designed so that they become effective to some degree before the neutral position so that a small bias voltage is thereby obtained. This means that the working members hang in a completely straight line and that they are completely stable in this position. If these abutments are designed so that six abutments go against the inner beam at the same time, it gives a very good stability in different planes. The same solution can also be used with a quadrangular rubber suspension. This is particularly advantageous in the case of shorter rubber springs and when outer sections fall up. 10 15 20 25 90l75, l0l0 3 In addition, in order to allow seed plates to lift so much that they can pass over stones, it is advantageous to use a rubber suspension with a triangular shape as this can be rotated to a maximum of approx. 40 - 45 degrees. In the case of a four-corner rubber suspension, the maximum suspension is approx. 30 degrees. A suspension in a triangular design fi works excellently in this application.

The reason why it works so well is that if you build a suspension in a triangular design, it has a much lower hysteresis than a suspension with a square shape, ie. the force required to rotate the suspension returns to a greater extent in the case of the resilience in a triangular design than in a design with a square cross-section. It must also be so durable and resistant to wear that it does not wear significantly when driving on rocky areas, which makes it extra expensive. Most often, this "stone release" needs to be able to spring out the work organ in the order of 25-30 degrees. A normal prestressing force can be 200 - 400 kp measured in the lower part of the work organ, ie. its tip.

The problem is solved for tillage means by using the technology with a rubber suspension that can be prestressed to a certain degree so that an effective "stone release" is achieved, which is quiet and durable. It can also be done at a very competitive cost.

Brief Description of the Drawings The invention is described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show a preferred embodiment.

Fig. 1 shows a partial perspective view of an agricultural implement with a first embodiment of a storage device according to the invention.

Fig. 1a shows a partial perspective view of a detail of the agricultural implement Fig. 1 and clearly illustrates in perspective view the device according to the invention according to fig.

Fig. 2 shows a partial side view of the agricultural implement in Fig. 1 with the storage device according to the invention according to fig.

Fig. 2a shows a partial side view of a detail of the agricultural implement in Fig. 1 and clearly illustrates from the side the storage device according to the invention according to fig. Fig. 3 shows a partial side view of a seed beetle in raised position with the bearing device according to the invention fig.1.

Fig. 4 shows a partial side view of a seed beetle in working position with the bearing device according to the invention in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 shows a partial exploded side view of a seed beetle with the bearing device according to the invention in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 shows a side view on a larger scale of the bearing device according to the invention in fi g. 1 in loaded condition.

Fig. 7 shows a side view on a larger scale of the bearing device according to the invention in Fig. 1 in unloaded condition.

Fig. 8 shows a side view on a larger scale of the outer casing of the bearing device according to the invention in fi g. in.

Fig. 9 shows a side view on a larger scale of a second embodiment of a bearing device according to the invention in unloaded condition.

Fig. 10 shows a side view of a cultivator stick with a bearing device according to the invention corresponding to the embodiments in Figs. 1-8.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic side view of a part of an agricultural implement with a further embodiment of a storage device according to the invention.

Fig. 12 Shows a schematic side view similar to that of Fig. 11 where the front seed plate abuts an object in the ground.

Fig. 13 shows a side view of a seed plate in a lower end position.

Fig. 14 shows a side view of a seed plate in a lower end position.

Description of preferred embodiments Like parts / details of the embodiments described and illustrated in the drawings, the same reference numerals have been given. This essentially applies to the embodiment of the bearing device shown in Figs. 1 - 8 and Fig. 10. Figs. 9 and Figs. 11 to 13 show other embodiments of the bearing device according to the invention.

Figures 1 and 2 show an agricultural implement 1, where one side section and the middle section are in a working position. The agricultural implement 1 has a frame 2, which rests on a number of wheels 3 stored thereon, a container 4 for seed, fertilizer or other spreadable material and a number of seedbeds 5, which via flexible hoses (not shown) are connected to a distributor 6, which via a riser 7 is connected to the container 4.

The agricultural implement 1 has seedbeds 5 mounted in three sections 8, 9 and 10, of which the side sections 8 and 10 are rotatable between a vertical transport position, such as the side section 10 and a horizontal working position, see side section 8. The middle section 9 can be lifted vertically between a position in engagement with the ground and one out of engagement. This movement can be used either during transport when the side sections are raised or at, for example, at the headlands when the side sections 8 and 10 are lowered.

Fig. 1a shows on a larger scale a first embodiment of a bearing device 11 or rubber suspension according to the invention for fastening a predetermined number of seedbeds 5 to a beam 12 of the agricultural implement 1 transverse to the direction of travel in the working position.

A transverse beam 12 is arranged for each section 8, 9 resp. 10. The bearing device 11 is described in more detail with reference to fi g. 6 - 8.

Figs. 3 and 4 show a seed beetle unit in transport and working mode. I fi g. 5, the constituent parts are shown more clearly by an exploded view of a device 11 according to the invention with a saw blade unit 13 comprising a slightly curved arm 14, a bracket 16 attached to the arm 14, on which the saw blade 5 is mounted, and a pressure wheel 17 mounted at the end of the shaft. a scraping device 18 cleaning the roller surface 17 of the wheel 17 At the other end of the arm, located at the bearing device 11, a first bearing half 19 of a bearing housing is attached, preferably by welding. The bearing housing has a second bearing half 20. The bearing halves 19, 20 are screwed together by means of screws 21 and bolts 22 through holes 22 (see especially Fig. 1a) through grooves 19a, 19b and 19 arranged on the bearing halves, respectively. 20a, 20b. Reference numeral 24 denotes a tube of a sowing device which is connected to each seed beetle 5. To each tube 24 a flexible hose (not shown) is connected from the distributor 6 in Figs. 1 and 2. Between the bearing halves 19, 20 and the beam 12 are elastic , circular cylindrical rods 23, preferably of rubber, arranged 90175,1010 6 (see especially Figs. 6 and 7). At each beam 12 at least one lifting arm 25 and at least one movement restriction arm 26 are attached, preferably by welding. The end of the lifting arm 25 facing away from the beam 12 is mounted at one end of a hydraulic unit 27 (see especially fi g. 3 and 4), the other end of which is mounted at the frame 2 of the agricultural implement 1 (see especially fi g. 1 and 2).

The end of the movement-limiting arm 26 facing away from the beam 12 is mounted on an L-shaped arm 28, the other end of which is mounted on the frame 2 of the agricultural implement 1. At the center of the L-shaped arm is a deep stop in the form of a movement-limiting rod 29, which is inserted through a recess in a portion of the frame 2. The other end of the rod 29 is threaded and has a stop nut 30 screwed on with a stop 31. The stops 31 are, as best seen in Fig. 4, intended to come into contact with surfaces connected to the frame 2 32 to limit the downward movement of the seed beetles 5 when the piston assembly 27 pushes the seed beetles 5 below the ground surface 33 into the ground in the working position. Av fi g. 3 shows that the bar 29 of the deep stop is in its fully raised position when the seedbed unit is in the transport position.

Figs. 6 to 8 show the first embodiment of the bearing device 11 according to the invention on a larger scale. In Figs. 6 and 7 the bearing device 11 according to the invention is shown in a working position resp. in a transport mode. On the bearing half 19, two fl ices 34 and 35 have been cut and bent towards its inside 36. Correspondingly, a fl ik 37 has been cut and bent against the inside 38 of the bearing half 20. Thereby the fl ices 34, 35 and 37 form end surfaces 39, 40 resp. 41 abutments, which are arranged to abut against the outer surface 42 of the beam 12 in a boundary position. Tabs of the type shown in the drawings are also arranged on the opposite side of the bearing halves 19, 20 (not shown) so that in this embodiment of the bearing device 11 the number of abutments 39,40, 41 to a total of six, three on each side of the bearing halves of each seed beetle unit 13. This also means a good balance when turning the arm 14 so that the stops 39,40, 41 hit the beam 12.

Fig. 8, which shows only the outer bearing housing with halves 19, 20, shows more clearly how the flaps 34, 35 and 37 are cut and bent inwards towards the center of the bearing 29, 20. In the position shown in Fig. 7, the abutments abut against the outer surface 42 of the beam 12 and in that in fi g. 6, the seed beetle 5 has been pushed upwards in the working position, for example by a stone or some other resistance in the ground, so that the rubber rods 23 are compressed and the stops 39, 40, 41 are released from their abutment against the outer surface 42 of the beam 12. 90175,1010 7 It transport mode, shown in f1g. 3, the stops 39, 40 and 41 abut against the outer surface 42 of the beam 12, which is better seen from Fig. 7. In the working layer shown in Fig. 4, the rubber rods 23 are tensioned, i.e. slightly compressed, as is better seen in Fig. 6, to give the seed beetle 5 and the pressure wheel 17 a suitable pressure so that the seed beetle 5 penetrates into the ground and so that sufficient pressure is on the pressure wheel to close the danger. In this position the depth stop with the stops 31 is inactive and the movement-limiting rods 29 are in the lowest position.

Because the stops 39, 40, 41 do not abut against the beam 12, the bearing housing comprising the bearing halves 19, 20 and thus also the arm 14 can rotate freely back and forth.

Fig. 9 shows a second embodiment of a bearing device 50 according to the invention. In this case, the bearing consists of a single in cross section substantially square housing 51, through which a substantially square cross 52 extends in cross section, corresponding to the beam 12 at the first embodiment. Four 53s 53 with abutment 54 have been cut and bent inwards towards the center of the housing 51 so that they at it in fi g. 9 abuts against the outer surface 55 of the beam 52. Circular cylindrical rods 56 of an elastic material, preferably rubber, are mounted in the gaps formed at the inner corner 57 of the housing 51 between the housing 51 and the beam 52. The advantage of this embodiment is that it becomes very rugged as the storage is gi word in one piece. On the other hand, it becomes more cumbersome to mount as both the beam 52 and the elastic rods 56 are to be inserted into the housing 51.

The number of 53s 53 arranged on the outer storage housing 51 depends on the cross-sectional shape of the beam 52. Here too, equal numbers of 53s 53 with stops 54 have been arranged on the opposite side of the housing 51, so that the number of stops 54 of each seedbed unit amounts to eight. In the case of a cross-section square beam, such as the beam 52 in Fig. 9, only two fl edges on each side of the bearing housing 51. It may then be sufficient for each fl pair 53 to be arranged to abut with their abutments 54 against two opposite outer surfaces 55 of the beam 52. .

The in f1g. 1-8, the first embodiment of the bearing device 11 according to the invention could also comprise a solid housing, which is one-piece and which is substantially triangular in its cross-sectional shape. Fig. 10 shows the bearing device 11 according to the invention, which in its construction corresponds to the bearing device according to the first embodiment in Figs. 1-8, but is applied as a bracket for a working member, such as a cultivator pin 60 at an agricultural tool. In this case, the bearing consists of two bearing halves 19, 20 having a substantially triangular shape in cross section, through which a substantially square beam 12 extending in cross section, which thus corresponds to the beam 12 in the first embodiment. The cultivator pin 60 is fixed, preferably by welding, at the bearing half 20. Three 34 34, 35 and 37 with stops 39, 40 resp. 41 have been cut and bent inwards towards the halves of 19, 20 in the middle so that they at it in fi g. 10 circular circular cylindrical rods 23 of an elastic material, preferably rubber, have been mounted in the gaps formed at the inner corner of the halves between the halves 19, 20 and the beam 12. The rubber resilient rods 23 of the bearing device here provide a pretension which means that the cultivator pin 60 can spring out. You can clearly see that it is prestressed (approx. 10 degrees) but can spring out more when a stone is hit, approx. 30 - 35 degrees. The construction is quiet and durable and gives the cultivator pin 60 a good angular rigidity to the machine frame as the suspension suitably has a length extension of 150 - 250 mm. The triangular beam is part of the frame construction of the machine at the same time as it supports the working means. The working means or cultivator pins which are attached to at least one crossbeam 60 can amount to about 50 or more or less depending on the type, area of use and machine size. By using the technology with a rubber som suspension that can be prestressed to a certain degree, a cultivator stick can be obtained, which at “stone release” is quiet and Has an almost indestructible construction. It can also be manufactured at a very competitive cost. In order for the suspension at the "rock release" to work well, it must be optimized. An important optimization is that it can be done so that the force in the tip of the working means is not increased more than absolutely necessary as an excessively high force when passing over obstacles tends to tempt the tip and its attachment so that fractures can occur.

Figs. 11 to 14 show a further development of a bearing device 70 according to the invention, where the bearing device 70 or the rubber suspension is provided with stops in both directions of suspension. Above, bearing devices have been described with suspension in only one direction of rotation. With stops in both directions of rotation, end positions can be predetermined in both directions of suspension, ie. you get an upper and a lower stop. 10 15 20 25 30 90175, l010 9 I frg. 11 and 12 schematically show two saw assemblies 71 and a subsequent packer wheel assembly 72. For the sake of clarity, more details have either been removed or indicated only by dashed lines, such as the link systems between the saw assemblies 71 and the packer wheel assemblies 72. Each saw assembly 71 represents a series of means 70 are fixed to cross-sectional beams 73. Between each beam 73 and the bearing halves 74 and 75 of bearing devices 70 arranged thereon, rods 76 of an elastic material, such as rubber, are arranged. The bearing halves 75 and 76 are screwed together by means of screws 77 and bolts 78 through holes through on both sides of the bearing halves arranged a edges 74a resp. 75a.

One bearing half 75 of the bearing device 70 is fixed, preferably welded, to an arm 79, at the other end of which a freely rotatable seed plate 80 is mounted and is provided with an associated seed truck device 81, which is screwed to the lower end of the mandrel 79 and has a lower opening 82. , which opens at the lower periphery of the seed plate 80. As shown in frg. 11, the seed plates of the two rows are mounted on different sides of the arm 79. From the seedling device, the flexible tubes not shown lead to a device for storing, dosing and distributing seed or fertilizer.

On the bearing half 74, a double fl ik 83 has been cut and bent towards the center of the bearing device 70.

On the bearing half 75, two 83s 83 have been cut and bent towards the center of the bearing device 70. The double fl ikama 83 are mainly U-shaped and each has a life which is connected to resp. bearing half 74 and 75 and two legs 84 and 85, each with a stop 86 and 86, respectively. 87 at the leg end (see questions 13 and 14). Each double fl ik 83 consequently has a stop 86 and a stop 87, where one stop 86 is arranged to delimit the transport position forwards (see question 13) and the other stop 87 restricts the movement of the seed plate backwards (see question 14), for example when it hit a harder object 88 in the ground like a rock. The ground level is indicated by the reference numeral 89. In Fig. 12, the front seed plate has abutment of an object at ground level 89 and the seed plate and arm 79 have been forced upwards to an end position where the stops 86 on the double members 83 come into abutment against the beam 73. 10 15 20 25 90175,1010 The seed plate 80 is in Fig. 13 at its lower permissible working position and in Fig. 14 the suspension is tensioned just over 40 degrees relative to the position in fi g. 13 and the seed plate 80 reaches its upper permissible position there.

The bearing device 70 is without abutment effect symmetrical with almost zero spring force at the neutral position. Since the bearing device 70 in the normal case is symmetrically designed, essentially the same spring characteristics are obtained in both voltage directions. It is then obvious that the double 83s 83 with the stops 86, 87 can be designed so that a designated angular range is selected, within which the bearing device 70 can be allowed to work, for example from -17 to +40 degrees or any other desired angular range within the possible working range of the suspension. The bearing device 70 is advantageously given a symmetrical shape, but in order to meet special requirements for spring characteristics, it can also be given an asymmetrical shape. It is also suitable here to provide the opposite side of the bearing device with corresponding abutments in order to obtain a balance when the abutments 86, 87 strike against the outer surface 73a of the beam 73. Advantageously, a double fl ik 83 can be provided for each longitudinal side of the beam 73, i.e. three double fls 83 at a triangular beam 73, four at a square beam, etc.

A lower and an upper position can be practical, for example, when there is often a lack of space in machine constructions and when machines are driven on uneven and stone-bound surfaces. The uneven surface and various shapes of stone give great movement to the working organs, such as the seed plates. It is then possible to clearly define which range of motion a work organ should have. In this way it is possible to avoid the plates and other parts hitting other parts of the agricultural implement at the same time as the function of the machine can be optimized.

The device according to the invention is not limited in its construction to the embodiments shown in Figs. 1 to 14, but can be modified within the scope of the appended claims.

For example, the number of fls can be varied depending on the cross section of the transverse beam.

The stops can be adjustable in that they each comprise a threaded rod, which is screwed into a threaded hole in said storage housing. The stops can also be fixed to the storage casing by preferably stop parts welded to the inside. The number of seed coulters can also be varied and the bearing device is of course not limited to the agricultural implements shown, but can be used on other machines, such as a machine without 90175, 1010 ll pivotable side sections. The elastic rods are advantageously circular-cylindrical, but may also have another suitable cross-sectional shape, such as square, triangular or other suitable shape.

Claims (10)

90 155 90175,1010 12 Patent claims A storage device (11, 50, 70) for an agricultural implement (1), which device comprises a storage housing e (19, 20, 51, 74, 75), a beam (12, 52, 73) extending through a hollow. adapted space and at least one storage element (23, 56, 76) arranged in the hollow other space, preferably comprising circular cylindrical rods of an elastic material, such as rubber, characterized in that at least one beam impact member (39, 40, 41, 54, 86, 87) are arranged to limit the rotational movement of the housing (19, 20, 51, 74, 75) at least one predetermined direction of rotation. Device according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that said at least one abutment means (39, 40, 41, 54, 86, 87) is arranged to limit the rotational movement of the housing (19, 20, 51, 74, 75) in one direction of rotation or in two opposite directions of rotation. Device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said at least one abutment means (39, 40, 41, 54, 86, 87) is arranged on both of the storage housing (19, 20, 51, 74, 75). axial outer surfaces. Device according to any one of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that said at least one abutment means (39, 40, 41, 54, 86, 87) are arranged on the housing (19, 20, 51, 74, 75) for abutment against the outer surface (42, 55, 73a) of the intended beam (12, 52, 73). Device according to any one of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that said at least one abutment member (39, 40, 41, 54, 86, 87) is formed in one piece with the housing (19, 20, 51) , by preferably cutting and bending, to form inwardly directed edges (34, 35, 37, 83) with ends arranged at the ends (39, 40, 41, 54, 86, 87). Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said at least one abutment means are adjustable in that they each comprise a threaded rod, which is screwed into a threaded hole in said housing e (19, 20, 51, 74, 75). Device according to any one of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that said at least one abutment means are fixed to the housing (19, 20, 51, 74, 75) by preferably abutment means welded on the inside. Device according to any one of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that said housing (19, 20, 51, 74, 75) is arranged to be attached to a intended beam (12, 52, 73). 90175,1010 13 with a substantially triangular or substantially square cross-section, the number of abutment means (39, 40, 41, 54, 86, 87) being six resp. eight. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said at least one abutment means (39, 40, 41, 54, 86, 87) are arranged on the housing (19, 20, 51) in such a way that in the abutment means abutment against the outer surface of the beam (12, 52, 73) a certain prestress is present in said storage element (23, 56, 76). Device according to claim 9, characterized in that said storage element (23, 56, 76) can be biased by causing said at least one abutment member (39, 40, 41, 54, 86, 87) to abut against the beam (12 , 52, 73) in a predetermined position before each of said storage elements reaches its neutral position.