JP5237041B2 - Rough tillage work machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rough tillage working machine that promotes the mixing of residual organic matter such as weeds and stumps with soil during tilling after harvesting in a field.

  Rough plowing is also called roughing, and is the first stage of plowing on the soil cultivated land necessary for crop cultivation. In general, it is often plowed in the winter after harvesting the autumn crop, which is said to be caused by autumn.

  The purpose of rough tillage is to squeeze the soil of the cultivated soil and make the soil in the whole field soft and dry. Since the gap between soils is increased by rough tillage, drainage performance is improved, air can enter the deep part of the soil and the decomposition of organic matter can be accelerated, and the nutrient at the next harvest can be increased. Furthermore, weed seeds can be reduced by plowing before weeds bear fruit.

  After crops are harvested, it is common practice to return uncut mushrooms, residue such as roots and organic matter to the ground, and use them continuously as nutrients for the following year. Conventionally, a plow working machine (see Patent Document 1) and a subsoiler working machine (see Patent Document 2) used as a rough tilling work machine for recirculating and reducing residues and organic substances in the soil are known. Yes.

  In the work of the plow working machine described in Patent Document 1, it is an inverted tillage working machine that completely reverses the soil layer and reduces organic matter into the soil, and after using the other working machine, The soil must be crushed and leveled again.

  The feature of the subsoiler work machine described in Patent Document 2 is the work machine of rough inversion tillage. A friction reducing member is attached along the leading edge of the knife that crushes the deep subsoil layer, and the load applied to the tractor is reduced. It is a rough tillage work machine with the effect of reducing.

Patent No. 3306141 Patent No. 3,387,736

  In the plow working machine, the surface of the inverted tillage portion is twisted to the right or left side in the work progress direction, and the released soil is reversed and moves to the right or left side in the work progress direction. Therefore, when the reverse tillage work on the field of one section is completed, the entire soil of the field will move to either the right or left side of the work progress direction, and it is necessary to restore the moved soil There is.

  In the subsoiler working machine of Patent Document 2, the soil is moved from the twisted discharge surface to the side of the knife along the surface of the friction reducing material attached along the front edge of the knife. However, because the friction reducing member is long, if the work speed is high, moving the soil, turning it over, and releasing it will cause the soil to rise upwards, not fall sideways, and fall apart. The soil will move without it. In particular, the soil that has moved to the fence cannot be restored.

  Therefore, another work is required to move the soil after work. In addition, a separate work machine that moves the soil is necessary, which increases the cost of the farmer, doubles the burden of the work, and increases the cost of the crop without increasing efficiency. .

  In addition, in rough tillage work, soil is attached to the inverted tillage part in rough tillage work in a high quality field with clay or other moisture, which increases the weight of the work implement as a whole. As a result, the traction force is reduced and the working efficiency is reduced. In general, the material of the reverse brazing part in the conventional rough tillage work machine is made of metal.

  And since the curved surface of the reversal rigging part of the conventional rough tillage work machine is not twisted to the left or right, if the towing work is done with the tractor, the residue in the field cannot move to the side of the work machine. If you continue, you will gradually get stuck in the excavation reversal and release unit. Therefore, it is necessary to change the shape of the curved surface so as to have a curved surface in which the residue moves to the side of the work machine. The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional rough tillage work machine.

  Furthermore, if a roller for crushing soil pressure is attached to the rough tillage work and pulled by a tractor, depending on the soil and soil quality, the conventional crushing roller for crushing soil will enter a lump of soil until the work is completed. There was a problem that the soil mass was not discharged from the roller, the weight of the roller increased with time, and traction force was required, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency. In the present invention, in particular, it is an object to prevent a problem caused by the soil mass entering the roller from occurring.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a front frame and a rear frame constituting a work machine, a plurality of beams attached to an even number of plates fixed to the front frame and the rear frame, and the plurality of beams. In a rough tillage working machine having an excavation reversal rigging unit attached to each beam and a roller for crushing and crushing attached to a rear part of a rear frame, provided in the center of the roller inside the roller A bar that is pivotally attached to the shaft via a bracket is provided to extend between the left and right plates of the roller in a direction perpendicular to the work traveling direction. The bar is constructed so that it does not rotate with the roller regardless of the rotation of the roller when towing the rough tillage work machine, and breaks up the soil mass entering the roller. Providing SokoOkoshi working machine, characterized in that.

  The best mode for carrying out the storage structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 11) based on the embodiments.

    The present invention is illustrated in FIGS. The rough tilling work machine 100 includes a frame unit 10, a beam 20 attached to the frame unit 10, an excavation reversal radiation unit 30 attached to the beam 20, and a side cover pivotally attached to the frame unit 10. 40, a roller unit 50 coupled to the rear part of the frame unit 10, and a tine unit 70 coupled to a plate 51c forming a part of a parallel link of the roller unit 50 by bolts.

  Next, each unit configuration will be described. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a state where a rough tillage working machine 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a tractor 200, and FIG. 2 shows a state where the rough tilling work machine 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a tractor 200. FIG. Moreover, FIG. 3 is the perspective view which looked at the rough tillage working machine 100 which shows the Example of this invention from the work progress direction left front upper direction.

1 to 3, the frame unit 10 includes a front frame 10 a and a rear frame 10 b having a length along a direction perpendicular to the work traveling direction, and plates fixed to the front and rear frames 10 a and 10 b are provided. Are connected to each other through bolts. However both ends are joined by the side plate 13. In addition, the bracket 16 bolts the front frame 10a and the rear frame 10b to each other. The interval between the front frame 10a and the rear frame 10b is longer than the interval between conventional rough tillage working machines in order to eliminate clogging of wheat straw and the like during operation.

  A pair of left and right masts 11, 11 are attached to the front frame 10 a, and a link pin 11 X is attached between the masts 11, 11. The brackets 12 and 12a are respectively attached to the left and right portions of the front frame 10a, and link pins 12X are attached between the brackets 12 and 12a. The tractor 200 is pulled by connecting the work machine 100 with link pins 11X and 12X via the top link U and the lower link L.

  A plate 15 for connecting the roller unit 50 is joined to the rear frame 10b at two places on the left and right. A plurality of plates 14 are fixed to the front frame 10a and the rear frame 10b. Beams 20 for attaching the excavation reversal radiating unit 30 are attached to the plurality of plates 14, respectively. In this embodiment, the plate 14 for attaching the beam 20 is fixed to each of six locations of the front frame 10a, and the plate 14 for attaching the beam 20 is fixed to each of six locations of the rear frame 10b. Beams 20 are respectively fixed to the plurality of plates 14 by bolts.

  Next, FIG. 4 is an assembly diagram showing a configuration in which an excavation and reversal release unit 30 for releasing soil is attached to the beam 20 of the rough tillage working machine 100 in the embodiment of the present invention on the right side in the work traveling direction (FIG. 4). And an assembly view (shown on the right side in FIG. 4) showing a configuration in which the excavation reversal radiating unit 30 for radiating soil is attached on the left side in the work progress direction. The shape of the front edge portion of the beam 20 is a straight line in a side view near the upper end portion 20U, and has a shape that draws an arc toward the lower end portion 20A, and the lowermost end portion protrudes most toward the work progressing direction. ing. The upper end 20U of the beam 20 is fixed to the front frame 10a and the rear frame 10b with bolts via the plate 14 (see FIGS. 1 to 3).

  A chisel 31 and a wing 32 constituting the excavation reversal and release unit 30 are attached to the beam 20 with a countersunk bolt 31K at the foremost portion 22A of the beam 20. As shown in FIG. 4, the curved surface on the back surface of the mounting portion 32 </ b> A of the molded wing 32 is formed along the curved surface of the front edge of the beam 20, and the curved surface on the front surface follows the curved surface on the back surface of the chisel 31. In order to prevent dirt from entering the gap between the attachment portion 32A of the wing 32 and the front edge of the beam 20 and the back surface of the chisel 31, the parts are rattled during operation. Is lost.

  Similarly, in FIG. 4, the metal plate-like brackets 35 a and 35 b are made of a material thinner than the chisel 31, and a concave portion is formed at the lower end portion thereof, and a convex shape formed on the upper portion of the chisel 31 in the concave portion. The brackets 35a and 35b are assembled so as to be adjacent to the upper portion of the chisel 31. There is a step in the attachment portion where the concave portion and the convex portion mesh. A plate 36 in which a notch 36 'is formed is fixed to the rear surfaces of the brackets 35a and 35b, and the notch 36' enters and engages with the front edge of the beam 20.

  With such a configuration, the brackets 35a and 35b are firmly fixed to the beam 20 without rotating. As a result, rattling of parts during work is prevented and the bracket 35a, 35b reversal release performance is not deteriorated. The letters “a” and “b” after each part number refer to the excavation reversal radiating unit 30 for reversing to the right because the reversal radiating direction is right or left with respect to the working direction. A member is denoted by a, and a member associated with the excavation reversal radiation unit 30 for reversing radiation on the left side is denoted by b.

  The countersunk bolt 34K fixes the friction reducing members 34a and 34b, and the countersunk bolt 33K fixes the wear-resistant metal plates 33a and 33b to the brackets 35a and 35b. The countersunk bolt 35X is fixed to the friction reducing members 34a and 34b, the brackets 35a and 35b, the wing 32, and the beam 20. The friction reducing members 34 a and 34 b have notches that fit into the convex portions formed on the upper portion of the chisel 31, and prevent dirt from entering the mating surfaces of the friction reducing members 34 a and 34 b and the chisel 31. .

  FIG. 5 shows an excavation reversal radiation unit 30 (see the assembly diagram shown on the left side in FIG. 4) that reversely disperses the beam 20 of the rough tiller working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention to the right in the work traveling direction. The external view of each excavation reversing unit 30 (refer to the assembly drawing shown on the right side in FIG. 4) that reversely radiates in the left direction is shown. As shown in this figure, there is a friction reducing member on the level difference caused by the difference in material thickness when the chisel 31 and the metal brackets 35a and 35b of FIG. 4 are mounted (the level difference between the mounting part where the concave part and the convex part mesh). Depending on the thicknesses of 34a, 34b and wear-resistant metal plates 33a, 33b, they disappear as shown in FIG.

  As a result, the mating surfaces of the friction reducing members 34a and 34b and the wear-resistant metal plates 33a and 33b are configured so that the respective surfaces are smoothly continuous without any step as shown in FIG. Prevents catching and entering. The curved surfaces that continue from the surface of the chisel 31 to the surfaces of the wear-resistant metal plates 33a and 33b and the surfaces of the friction reducing members 34a and 34b are formed as mating surfaces, that is, continuous curved surfaces. The surface where the wear metal plates 33a and 33b and the friction reducing members 34a and 34b are combined constitutes the excavation part S, the reversing part T, and the radiating part U.

In FIG. 5, the curved surface of the excavation part S extends toward the upper part 20U along the front edge of the beam 20 and is continuous in the right or left direction of the working direction in order to plow and reverse the soil in the reversing part T. that is developed in Hoteki unit U while twisting the curved surface changing the curvature in manner to either of the right and left.

  In addition to this continuous curved surface, a bulge is continuously put in the vertical direction along the central portion of the curved surface portion from the reversing portion to the radiating portion U as shown by a curved surface X in FIG. By inserting a curved surface with a bulge, the soil that has been excavated in the excavation part and has risen along the curved surface that continues to the reversing part is loosened with the curved surface with the bulge and sent to the radiant part quickly. It will have a big role to prevent adhesion.

  The curved surface X of FIG. 4 is shown in the shapes 34a ′ and 34b ′ of the friction reducing members 34a and 34b as viewed from above in FIG. In addition, 35a 'and 35b' in FIG. 4 have shown the shape which looked at metal plate-shaped brackets 35a and 35b from the upper part in the state of a figure, respectively.

  In FIG. 5, the height from the tip of the chisel 31 to the upper ends of the friction reducing members 34 a and 34 b in the excavation reversal radiating unit 30 is the friction reducing member 22 in Patent No. 338736 of Patent Literature 2 (Patent Literature 2). Compared with the height of FIGS. 1 and 4), the above-described height in the excavation and reversal erosion unit 30 of the present invention is clearly made lower. Because of this, the length of the friction reducing member is long, so if you move, invert, or release the soil, the soil rises upward and does not fall to the side well. In the present invention, this problem is solved by reversing and discharging at a position lower than the frame.

  By using a plastic material for the friction reducing members 34a and 34b, it is possible to suppress adhesion of soil, reduce an increase in the weight of the working machine due to adhesion, and improve work efficiency. However, if a plastic material is used for all the reversing parts, the parts that are in contact with the soil will be immediately worn away, and the replacement time of the friction reducing members 34a and 34b will be shortened. Therefore, if the wear-resistant metal plates 33a and 33b are used for the worn portions as in the present invention, the service life of the parts can be extended, so that cost savings can be achieved.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing three different configurations of a conventional excavation and reversal brazing unit attached to a beam 20 used in a conventional rough tillage working machine. In these conventional excavation reversal radiating units, the curved surface from the excavation part S to the reversal part T is a curved surface (curved surface with a constant curvature) constituted by one radius along the front edge of the beam 20, and thus the excavation and reversal unit is excavated and reversed. When the work implement advances in the direction of work, soil, organic matter, and residue are discharged and clogged up around the front of the unit, resulting in reduced work efficiency.

  However, in the excavation reversal radiating unit 30 of the present invention, the excavation reversal radiating unit 30 shown on the left side of FIG. The problem of clogging in the conventional rough tillage work machine can be solved by discharging soil on the left side.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing the roller unit 50 of the rough tillage working machine in the embodiment of the present invention. The roller unit 50 includes a parallel link in which a plate 51a, a plate 51c, a plate 51b, and a plate 52 are pivotally attached by bolts 53K, and is attached to the rear frame 10b so as to be vertically movable.

  That is, the front end of the plate 51a is coupled to the plate 15 fixed to the rear frame 10b with a bolt and fixed to the rear frame 10b. The portion near the front end of the plate 51a and the front end of the plate 51c are sandwiched between the upper and lower ends of the two plates 51b, respectively, and are rotatably attached by a collar 55 and a bolt 53K. Similarly, the portions near the rear ends of the plate 51a and the plate 51c are sandwiched between the upper and lower ends of the two plates 52, respectively, and are rotatably attached by the collar 55 and the bolt 53K.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the state of the roller unit 50 when the tilling depth is shallow in the embodiment of the rough tillage working machine of the present invention. As shown in the Z part of FIG. 8, the two plates 52 are pinned by the pin 54 so that the maximum plowing depth is ensured so as not to rotate upward (in the counterclockwise direction) around the bolt 53K with respect to the plate 51a. The plowing depth is regulated when shallow.

  Such adjustment of the tilling depth enables the setting of the tilling depth suitable for the working environment by selectively passing the pins 54 at the positions of a plurality of holes formed in the plate 52. The pin 54a is a pin for regulating the lowest position when the roller unit 50 is lowered relative to the plate 51a, and prevents the entire roller from falling downward. The insertion position is a fixed position and does not change.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the overall configuration of the roller unit 50 according to the embodiment of the present invention and a diagram illustrating details of the roller rotation shaft portion. The roller frame 56 includes a pipe 56a, a plate 56b fixed to both ends of the pipe 56a, and two plates 56c fixed to the left and right portions of the pipe 56a, and these are fixed to each other. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the front end portion of the plate 56 c is fixed to the rear end portion of the plate 51 c forming a part of the parallel link with a bolt.

  The roller is fixed to a plurality of plates 58 arranged concentrically so that a plurality of bars 61 are gently wound in a spiral shape, and a shaft 57 is fixed to the center of each of the plates 58 at both ends. It has become. Bearing units 62 are fixed to the plates 56b at both ends by bolts, respectively. By this bearing unit 62, a shaft 57 protruding outward from the plate 58 is rotatably attached to the plate 56b.

  A bracket 59 is rotatably attached to a portion of the shaft 57 inside the plates 58 at both ends by a bearing unit 63. A straight bar 60 is inserted into a boss provided at the tip of the bracket 59 and fixed with a bolt.

  In the rough tillage working machine of the present invention, such a roller unit 50 is provided, so that the bracket 59, the bearing unit 63 itself, and the bar 60 do not rotate even if the roller rotates during the operation. Therefore, the clod that has entered the roller is rotated with the rotation of the roller and collides with the bar 61 to crush and reduce the clod, and is discharged out of the roller to suppress an increase in weight due to the clump entering the roller. It works to improve efficiency.

  Further, when the roller is raised at the end of the work or when changing the traveling direction during the work, the bracket 59 and the bar 61 move like a pendulum around the shaft 57 at the maximum rise point of the roller. In addition, the lump accumulated in the roller can be discharged to the outside, which is useful for reducing the cleaning work of the rough tilling work machine 100.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a tine unit 70 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The tine unit 70 includes a tine 71, a U bolt 72, a bracket 73, a plate 74, a pipe 75, a plate 76, a U bolt 77, and the like. The two plates 76 are inserted in holes formed in the respective plates in a state where the pipe 75 cannot rotate, and are coupled to the two plates 51c described in detail in FIGS. 7 and 8 with bolts. A U-bolt 77 passed through the plate 74 is passed over the pipe 75 and fixed inside the plate 76 so that the pipe 75 does not move in the work progress width direction. The plurality of U bolts 72 are respectively passed over the pipe 75 and inserted into a bent portion of the tine 71 bent at the upper portion, a bracket 73 is applied to the bent portion, and a nut is screwed to the U bolt 72 to be pipe 75. The tine 71 is fixed to the main body.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, since the tine unit 70 is coupled to the lower plate 51c of the parallel link even if the working tillage depth changes, the tine unit 70 can move simultaneously with the roller, The suppression work can be made constant.

  FIG. 11 is a view showing the side cover units 40 provided on the right side and the left side in the work progress direction in the embodiment of the rough tillage working machine of the present invention. The side cover unit 40 includes a cover 41, arms 42a and 42b, washers 43, brackets 44a and 44b, and pins 45.

  The brackets 44a and 44b have shafts 44a 'and 44b' and bars 46a and 46b fixed to one surface thereof, respectively, and 44a and 44b are symmetrical parts. The arms 42a and 42b are also symmetrical parts, each having a boss secured to one side, and the other j being fastened to the cover 41 by a bolt. The boss of the arm 42 a is inserted into the shaft 44 a ′ of the bracket 44 a, the washer 43 is inserted into the shaft, and the pin 45 prevents it from coming off. The same applies to the bracket 44b.

  With such a configuration, the covers 41 provided on the right and left sides in the work progress direction are configured to be rotatable around the shafts 44a 'and 44b' together with the left and right arms 42a and 42b, respectively. The As a result, even if the rough tillage working machine moves up and down during work, the covers 41 provided on the right and left sides in the work progress direction do not move up and down together with the rough tilling work machine main body, and the shaft 44a ′, A rotational force is always acting in the direction of its own weight around 44b '.

  However, when it is lowered to plow the rough tillage work machine, before the excavation part touches the ground, the side cover 41 rotates downward about the shafts 44a ′ and 44b ′ by its own weight, so that the ground There is a risk of breaking if you stick. Therefore, in order to prevent this danger, the bars 46a and 46 fixed to the brackets 44a and 44b abut against the side cover 41, and the side cover 41 is prevented from rotating more than necessary downward. ing. Since the side cover unit 40 as described above is provided, it is possible to surely prevent the soil that moves to the left or right by the excavation reversal and releasing unit from moving from the cover 41 to the outside of the work machine.

  Since the present invention has less soil movement in the field after work than other conventional simple tillage machines and tillage work machines, the next work (work for returning the soil) is unnecessary, and crushed and compacted. Work can be done at the same time, and the working depth is shallow compared to conventional working machines, so the working speed can be increased, working efficiency and fuel efficiency can be improved.

It is a top view of the state equipped with the tractor which shows the Example of this invention. It is a side view of the state where the rough tillage working machine which shows the example of the present invention was attached to the tractor. It is the perspective view which looked at the rough tillage working machine which shows the Example of this invention from the work progress direction right front. An excavation reversal rigging unit that releases soil on the right side of the work progress direction and an excavation reversal rigging unit that releases soil on the left side of the work progress direction are attached to the beam of the rough tillage working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is an external view of each of a reversing excavation unit for reversing and releasing the right side of the work traveling direction and a reversing excavation unit for reversing and releasing the left side of the working direction on the beam of the rough tillage working machine according to the embodiment of the invention. is there. It is a figure of the conventional excavation reversal brazing unit attached to the beam currently used for the conventional rough tillage working machine. It is a figure of the roller unit which shows the Example of this invention. It is a figure showing the state of a roller unit in case the working machine of the Example of this invention is shallow. The roller unit which shows the Example of this invention is also a figure showing a detail. It is a figure of the tine unit which shows the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the side cover unit comprised by the work progress direction right side and the left side which show the Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

200 Tractor U
Upper link L
Lower link 100 Rough tillage machine 10 Frame unit 10a Front frame 10b Rear frame 11 Mast 11X Link pin 12 Bracket 12a Bracket 12X Link pin 13 Side plate 14 Plate 15 Plate 16 Bracket 20 Beam 20A Beam lower end 20U Beam upper end 30 Excavation Reversal radiation unit 31 Chisel 31X Countersunk bolt 32 Wings 33a, 33b Wear resistant metal plates 34a, 34b Friction reducing member 34K Countersunk bolt 35 Bracket 35X Countersunk bolt 36 Bracket 40 Side cover unit 41 Cover 42 Arm 43 Washer 44 Bracket 45 Pin 50 Roller unit 51a Plate 51b Plate 51c Plate 52 Plate 53K Bolt 54 Pin 55 Collar 56 Roller frame 56a Pipe 56b Rate 56c Plate 57 Shaft 58 Plate 59 Bracket 60 Bar 61 Bar 62 Bearing unit 63 Bearing unit 70 Tine unit 71 Tine 72 U bolt 73 Bracket 74 Plate 75 Pipe 76 Plate

Claims (1)

And the rear frame and the previous frame which constitutes a working machine, a plurality of beams attached to an even number of plates fixed to the respective front frame and the rear frame, the plurality of each Ri Tagged drilling inverted release taken in beam In a rough tillage working machine comprising a dredge unit and a roller for crushing and crushing attached to the rear part of the rear frame,
The left and right shafts are attached in a direction orthogonal to the work progress direction so as to be rotatable with respect to the rear part of the rear frame.
The left and right plates of the roller are equipped with left and right plates, the centers of the left and right plates are fixed to the left and right shafts, the rollers rotate with the left and right shafts when towing the rough tillage work machine,
Inside the roller, left and right brackets are rotatably attached by bearing units to the left and right shaft portions inside the left and right plates of the roller, and a bar is fixed to the ends of the left and right brackets. Is provided between the left and right brackets so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the working direction,
The bar, irrespective of the rotation of the roller and the left and right shafts during SokoOkoshi working machine traction, without rotating together with the rollers and the left and right shafts, by being configured so as to destroy small clod of entering the interior of the roller Rough tillage working machine.