RU94576U1 - ELECTROTECHNICAL WIRE FROM ALUMINUM ALLOY - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. An aluminum alloy electrical wire, characterized in that it contains a core in cross section and a reinforced micro-continuity layer located around it, obtained by drawing a wire billet with a tensile strength of 16-18 kgf / mm2, the density and micro-continuity of the strengthened layer are greater Density and micro-continuity of the core, the wire contains aluminum, iron, silicon, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium and has a diameter in the range of 0.49-0.51 mm. ! 2. The electrical wire according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains, wt.%: Iron 0.5-0.7, silicon 0.2-0.4, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium in the amount of 6.0- 10.0, impurities 0.1-0.3, the rest is aluminum.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of metal forming, in particular to the manufacture of wire by the method of multiple drawing, moreover, such a wire, in particular, is made of aluminum alloy, which in its physical and mechanical properties responds to high tensile tensile loads and high electrical conductivity. The technical solution is intended for use in the field of metallurgy. The wire is intended in the field of the electrical industry.

Known design solutions of wire made of soft metal alloys that meet the conditions of metal forming by drawing, and in the manufacture of wire, the wire blank is drawn repeatedly (CN 1188810 A, 1998-07-29, IRON YI (CN); CN 1255413 A, 2000 -06-07, UNIV DONGBEI (CN); CN 1851834 A, 2006-10-25, WUJIN HENGTONG METAL STEEL WIR (CN); CN 1978686, 2007-06-13, SHANGHAI ZHONGTIAN ALUMINUM W (CN); CN 101127263 A , 2008-02-20, YONGCHUN SUN (CN); CN 101200783 A, 2008-06-18, SHANGHAI ZHONGTIAN ALUMINUM W (CN); GB 1303815, 01.24.1973 JAMES ARTHUR DONELAN (GB); GB 1380175, 05.24.1973 , PETER MICHAEL RAW (GB).

Known wire having high electrical conductivity and tensile strength, while the wire is made of an alloy based on bronze, which contains, wt.%: Chrome 0.15-0.25, zirconium 0.15-0.25, calcium 0.03 -0.10, copper - the rest, and after quenching the wire stock, heating, tempering, drawing, reheating and the residence time of the wire in the furnace, the indicated indicators of its physical and mechanical properties are achieved (RU 77806 U1, 10.11.2007, Kamensk- Ural Non-Ferrous Metal Processing Plant (RU). This patent contains information, h by repeated drawing of drawing performed on the routes mm or 5,0-1,7 5,0-1,0.

Known wire made of an alloy containing nickel 2.2-2.8, chromium 0.5-1.0, silicon 0.6-0.8 and copper - the rest, while the wire is subject to hardening, drawing and aging (RU 71914 U1, March 27, 2008, OJSC Kamensk-Uralsky Non-Ferrous Metal Processing Plant (RU). This wire meets the basic physical and mechanical parameters, in particular, tensile strength of at least 736-785-844 MPa. The wire is subject to repeated drawing over routes, mm: 16-14-12-10-10-9-8; 8-7-6-5-4-3,5.

Known wire with a diameter of 0.1 to 8.0 mm, having in the cold-drawn state, depending on the diameter, the tensile strength of not less than 844-961 MPa, elongation of 1.4-2.5% and fully withstanding the winding test, subject to additional thermal deformation processing, including low-temperature annealing at a temperature of 220-240 ° C and a shutter speed of 0.75-1.0 hours, carried out before each of at least three last passes of the drawing, and each of the last three passes of multiple drawing is carried out with particular relative and reductions in the range of 20-31% (RU 72886 U1, 05/10/2008, OJSC Kamensk-Uralsky Non-Ferrous Metal Processing Plant (RU).

Known electrical wire made of aluminum alloy type Al-Mg-Si, which provides a method for its manufacture, the method includes hardening the wire, natural aging for 84-168 hours, cold drawing with a degree of deformation of 30-50%, artificial aging with subsequent drawing with a degree of deformation of 2-25%, while the total degree of deformation is chosen in the range of 35-57%. The method achieves a predetermined level and stability of the mechanical and electrical properties of the wire, in particular, the tensile strength is increased by 4-6% and the electrical resistivity is reduced within 0.0322-0.0328 Ohms per mm ² / m (RU 2141389 C1, 11/20/1999, LOKSHIN M.Z. (RU).

The technical solution presented in patent RU 2141389 C1 is a close technical solution to the technical solution described in this description.

It should be noted that in the patent RU 2141389 C1 quenching is carried out by heating the bay to a temperature of more than 500 ° C and cooling the bay in water, and aging is carried out by aging the bay at room temperature for 84-168 hours.

The operation of quenching the wire negatively affects the uniformity of the structure of the workpiece, which is made of an Al-Mg-Si alloy and, accordingly, the quality of the wire drawing, especially during the final drawing operation, because it does not completely exclude micro-discontinuities on the surface of the finished wire.

Cold drawing of a wire with a degree of deformation of 30-50% after quenching of the wire can lead to microcracks of the workpiece material, natural aging of the wire by aging in the range of 84-168 hours increases production costs, the total deformation of the wire within 35-57% is relatively high, negatively affecting the quality of the wire. Subsequent repeated drawing of the wire billet with a degree of deformation of 2-25% also negatively affects the quality of the wire, since the percentages of the lower and middle limits of deformation are relatively high, which can lead to microcracks of the billet material and microroughnesses of its outer layer, especially the finish layer, whose surface quality is essential affects electrical conductivity.

All the above remarks negatively affect the resistance of the wire to rupture, its bending and electrical conductivity. These comments also adversely affect the time spent and the complexity of wire manufacturing.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the micro-continuity of the wire surface, its strength and electrical conductivity. Another result is reduced wire manufacturing costs.

For this purpose, an aluminum alloy electrical wire in cross section contains a core and a hardened micro-continuity layer located around it, obtained by drawing a wire billet with a tensile strength of 16-18 kgf / mm ² , the density and micro-continuity of the hardened layer are greater than the density and micro-continuity of the core, the wire contains aluminum, iron, silicon, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium and has a diameter in the range of 0.49-0.51 mm.

The wire contains, wt.%: Iron 0.5-0.7, silicon 0.2-0.4, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium in the amount of 6.0-10.0, impurities 0.1-0.3, the rest is aluminum. Figure 1 shows a wire in cross section in an enlarged view;

figure 2 is a calibration diagram of wire blanks explaining the process of manufacturing wire;

figure 3 - diagram of the annealing of wire billets in the furnace;

figure 4 - diagram of the welding ends of the wire blanks;

figure 5 is a diagram of the reduction of the diameter of the whip of the wire billet (finishing wire billet).

The electrical wire of aluminum alloy in cross section (Fig. 1) contains a core 1 and a reinforced micro-continuity layer 2 located around it, obtained by plastic deformation of the surface of a wire billet. The density and microcontinuity of the hardened layer is greater than the density and microcontinuity of the core. The resistance of the wire billet and wire tensile selected in the range of 5-18 kgf / mm ² . The alloy of the wire billet and the wire contains, wt.%: Iron 0.5-0.7, silicon 0.2-0.4, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium in the amount of 6.0-10.0, impurities 0.1-0 , 3, the rest is aluminum.

A wire is made as follows. Select wire billets 3 from an aluminum alloy of the indicated content in the form of several separate wires 3 or wires in bays 3. Each wire billet is selected with a tensile strength in the range of 5-18 kgf / mm ² , with a length of 0.9-1.1 meters and a diameter of 7-9 mm. Wire blanks are selected so that each of them has a larger diameter D in cross section in comparison with the diameter d of the manufactured electrical wire.

The wire blanks are cold drawn through calibrated die 4, the wire blanks are annealed and naturally cooled to ambient temperature, and wire blanks are loaded into a cold furnace 5 having an ambient temperature for the indicated annealing and cooling, then the blanks are heated in the oven to 350 -450 ° C.

Maintain wire billets in a heated state in the furnace for 35-70 minutes, remove the coils of wire billets from the furnace and cool them to ambient temperature. Next, the ends 6 and 7 of the wire blanks are welded at point 8, forming from the blanks a long whip of one wire blank, which is subjected to drawing.

The foregoing cycle of processing a whip of a wire billet is carried out repeatedly and in the process of multiple drawing of the wire billet, the initial diameter D of the wire billet is reduced to the diameter d1 of the wire billet within the limits of the ratios d1 = D (0.13-0.12), thereby obtaining a sheath 2 of a wire of a given micro-continuity .

The diameter of the wire billet is reduced stepwise along the established routes, after which the wire billet rolled into a coil is subjected to final annealing, cooling, and drawing through the wire 9 to obtain the specified diameter d of the finished wire, and when the wire drawing is finished, the wire is brought to the specified diameter d by reducing the diameter of the workpiece by d = d1 (0.55-0.45).

In the manufacture of a wire having a diameter of 0.50 mm and less than 0.50 mm, on the first route of drawing the workpiece, its diameter is reduced in the range from 8.00 mm to 7.20 mm, on the second route of drawing the diameter of the whip of the wire billet is reduced from 7, 20 mm to 6.48 mm, on subsequent routes for drawing a whip of a wire billet, its diameter is reduced, respectively, from 6.48 mm to 5.83 mm; from 5.83 mm to 5.24 mm; from 5.24 to 2.25 mm; from 2.25 to 1.00 mm and on the last drawing route, the diameter of the wire billet is reduced from 1.0 mm to a predetermined and optimal value of 0.50 mm. The maximum and minimum reduction in the diameter of the workpiece are the limits, respectively, from 1.01 mm to 0.51 mm and from 0.99 mm to 0.49 mm. These limits are obtained empirically and these values also include technological drawing errors. It has been experimentally established that a decrease in the lower limit of the wire diameter for the selected material with its properties leads to wire breakage, and an increase in the upper limit reduces the quality of the wire.

During the operation of the wire, the electric current passing through the wire is most concentrated on its shell, the increased micro-continuity of which provides increased electrical conductivity, while the strength of the wire meets the difficult conditions of its operation, mainly in aircraft control systems.

Claims (2)

1. Electrical wire of aluminum alloy, characterized in that it contains a core in cross section and a reinforced micro-continuity layer located around it, obtained by drawing a wire billet with a tensile strength of 16-18 kgf / mm ² , density and micro-continuity of the reinforced layer more than the density and microcontinuity of the core, the wire contains aluminum, iron, silicon, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium and has a diameter in the range of 0.49-0.51 mm. 2. The electrical wire according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains, wt.%: Iron 0.5-0.7, silicon 0.2-0.4, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium in the amount of 6.0- 10.0, impurities 0.1-0.3, the rest is aluminum.