CN115261749B - High-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and preparation process and application thereof - Google Patents
High-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and preparation process and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115261749B CN115261749B CN202210816515.3A CN202210816515A CN115261749B CN 115261749 B CN115261749 B CN 115261749B CN 202210816515 A CN202210816515 A CN 202210816515A CN 115261749 B CN115261749 B CN 115261749B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum alloy
- wire
- aluminum
- concave arc
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire of fine wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/08—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope
- H01B5/10—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material
- H01B5/102—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material stranded around a high tensile strength core
- H01B5/105—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material stranded around a high tensile strength core composed of synthetic filaments, e.g. glass-fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/008—Power cables for overhead application
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and a preparation process and application thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy wire is prepared from an aluminum alloy rod through primary heat treatment, large-drawing, secondary heat treatment and small-drawing processes, and the aluminum alloy rod comprises the following components: 0.04-0.1wt% of Si, 0.10-0.20wt% of Fe, 0.30-0.40wt% of Zr, 0.01-0.02wt% of Cu, 0.04-0.2wt% of Y, less than 0.004wt% of the sum of Cr, mn, V and Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities. The aluminum alloy wire prepared by the aluminum alloy rod and the process has the characteristics of high conductivity, high surface hardness and high tensile strength, and the corrosion rate of the aluminum alloy wire is greatly reduced in a heavy corrosion environment. The aluminum alloy wire with the trapezoid cross section and the concave arc cross section prepared by the materials and the process is used for preparing an aluminum alloy stranded wire, and the aluminum alloy stranded wire prepared by combining the application of the light carbon fiber composite material as a reinforcing core has the advantages of high conductivity, low wind resistance, high temperature, low sag and the like, and can reduce the loss of a power transmission line and improve the reliability of the line operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy materials and power transmission, in particular to a preparation process of a high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and application of the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire in preparation of a low-wind-pressure aluminum alloy stranded wire.
Background
The power demand is rapidly increased along with the rapid development of the economic level, so that the problem of insufficient capacity of the power transmission line often occurs, the newly built line consumes a long time and has high construction cost, the capacity of the power transmission line is usually improved by adopting a capacity-increasing transformation mode, and the 60% IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire is one of the main materials for capacity-increasing transformation of the line at present. The 60% IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire has a certain content of Zr element added into the aluminum material, so that the maximum temperature of the aluminum material for long-term use is increased from 70 ℃ to 150 ℃ or 210 ℃ of the common aluminum material. According to different operation scenes and working conditions, the following technical schemes are generally adopted: (1) the calling height allowance of the original line tower is enough, and a 60% IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy round wire (the temperature resistant grade is 150 ℃) is combined with a steel core, so that the transmission capacity of the line can be increased to 1.5 times under the condition that the width of a corridor of the transmission line is not increased by a wire; (2) the original line tower has insufficient calling height allowance and wide construction period, 60 percent IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy molded lines (the temperature resistant grade is 210 ℃) are combined with an ultra-high strength steel core, a gap structure with the thickness of 0.6-0.8 mm is prepared between the steel core and a heat-resistant aluminum alloy molded line layer, and wires can be directly replaced by utilizing original line corridor resources and an immobilized iron tower, so that capacity expansion is realized to 2 times; (3) the original line tower has insufficient allowance, short construction period and harsh topography, and the wires can be directly replaced by utilizing original line corridor resources and an immobilized iron tower by combining 60% IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy round wires (temperature resistant grade 210 ℃) with aluminum-clad invar cores, so that the capacity is increased to 2 times.
The technical proposal utilizes the large current carrying characteristic of the heat-resistant wire at the high operation temperature, but the heat-resistant aluminum alloy material has the conductivity of only 60 percent IACS at 20 ℃, and the wire has higher alternating current and direct current resistances and large line electric energy loss during the high-temperature operation; secondly, in the technical proposal (2), the steel core has limited bearing performance (the tensile strength is 1800-1900 MPa) and large weight (the density is 7.78 kg/dm) 3 ) High linear expansion coefficient (11.5 x 10) -6 High temperature/DEG C), the sag of the wire is larger during high-temperature operation, and when the wire is operated at a temperature higher than the installation temperature, the large tension is completely transferred to the steel core, so that the line safety coefficient is slightly low; in addition, the aluminum-coated invar core used in the technical scheme (3) is high in price, so that the line transformation cost is overlarge; according to the technical schemes (1), 2) and 3, the heat-resistant aluminum alloy round wires and different steel cores are twisted normally, so that under the running condition of a strong wind area, the horizontal load of the wires is extremely high, the problems of wire breakage, strand breakage, flashover tripping and the like are easily caused, and the problems of large potential safety hazard exist.
Therefore, there is a need for an aluminum alloy stranded wire with low wind pressure, high conductivity, heat resistance and light weight, which can be used for overhead transmission wires to reduce the loss of the transmission line and improve the reliability of the operation of the line.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation process of a high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and application of the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire in preparation of a low-wind-pressure aluminum alloy stranded wire.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides a preparation process of a high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Raising the temperature of the aluminum alloy rod to 378-382 ℃ in 3-5 h, and preserving heat for 56-64 h for primary heat treatment; the aluminum alloy rod comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.04-0.1wt% of Si, 0.10-0.20wt% of Fe, 0.30-0.40wt% of Zr, 0.01-0.02wt% of Cu, 0.04-0.2wt% of Y, less than 0.004wt% of the sum of Cr, mn, V and Ti, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities;
(2) Carrying out cold drawing on the aluminum alloy rod subjected to the heat treatment in the step (1) to extend the aluminum alloy rod to an aluminum alloy wire with a preset diameter range, and controlling the cold drawing extension coefficient of each cold drawing to be 1.20-1.28;
(3) Heating the aluminum alloy wire treated in the step (2) to 279-281 ℃ in 2-4 h, and preserving heat for 18-22 h to perform secondary heat treatment;
(4) And (3) performing cold drawing extension on the aluminum alloy wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step (3) by adopting a die with a hole type gradual change mode, and controlling the cold drawing extension coefficient of each channel to be 1.18-1.22 to obtain the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire.
Further, the aluminum alloy rod is prepared by a continuous casting and rolling process, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: adding high-purity aluminum ingot into a melting furnace for melting, and then adding AlB 3 Carrying out boration treatment;
s2: adding a sodium-removing particle refining agent into molten aluminum under an inert atmosphere, and standing for 50-70min for primary refining;
s3: adding other materials into the aluminum liquid after the first refining to carry out alloying treatment, and controlling the mass ratio of each element in the aluminum liquid;
s4: adding a sodium-removing particle refining agent into the alloy under inert atmosphere after alloying is finished, and carrying out secondary refining in a choke furnace for 20-30 min; the temperature of the second refining is 780-800 ℃, and the standing time is 30-40 min;
s5: pouring the aluminum liquid after slag skimming through a heat preservation furnace, and then carrying out degassing and two-stage filtration through a degassing box and a filtering box; the aluminum boron wire on-line wire feeding treatment is added at the launder part, and the dumping speed is 1.0-1.8m/min;
s6: continuously casting aluminum water, wherein the casting temperature is 670-685 ℃, the casting speed is 5.0-5.5t/h, the cooling water temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the blank discharging temperature is 450-480 ℃;
s7: rolling the casting blank to obtain the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy rod; the rolling temperature is 410-440 ℃ and the finishing temperature is 100-200 ℃.
Further, the aluminum liquid in S1 is subjected to a swelling treatment to remove the impurity element V, ti, so that the influence on the conductivity of the metal material is reduced.
The aluminum liquid is refined twice, wherein the first refining is performed, a granular sodium-removing refining agent is added to prolong the reaction time of the aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid has good degassing and impurity removing effects, meanwhile, the aluminum liquid has the sodium-removing effect, sodium element easily forms a low-melting-point compound, tissue defects easily occur in the subsequent annealing process, the conductivity of the metal material is influenced, and the impurity elements can be removed through the addition of the sodium-removing refining agent so as to ensure the conductivity of the material; and impurities generated in the alloying process are removed by secondary refining, and the aluminum water is further purified.
Further, in S5, on-line feeding treatment of aluminum boron wires is added at the launder part, on one hand, the content of Cr, mn, V, ti elements in aluminum water can be further reduced, the conductivity of the material is improved, and on the other hand, the aluminum boron wires can react with zirconium in the aluminum water to separate out the zirconium, so that the existence form of zirconium elements in the alloy is changed, and the conductivity of the material is improved, and meanwhile, grains can be refined.
In the step (2), the aluminum alloy rod after the heat treatment in the step (1) is subjected to 3-5 cold drawing elongation treatments.
In the step (4), the aluminum alloy wire after the heat treatment in the step (3) is subjected to 5-7 cold drawing extension treatments.
Further, in step (2) and step (4), the elongation coefficient k=r Front part 2 /R Rear part (S) 2 Wherein R is Front part For entering the front diameter of the mould, R Rear part (S) Is the post-mold diameter.
In the process of large pulling and small pulling, the control of the elongation coefficient can inhibit plastic deformation from causing loss of conductivity of the aluminum alloy wire, and can furthest improve the tensile strength, the elongation and the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy wire in a reasonable range.
Further, taking an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm as an example, obtaining an aluminum alloy wire with the diameter of 6-7 mm through primary heat treatment and large drawing treatment, then carrying out secondary heat treatment, and obtaining the aluminum alloy wire with the target size through small drawing treatment after the secondary heat treatment. The properties of the aluminum alloy rods or wires treated by the above process are required to meet the requirements shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 product Properties of the various procedures
The equivalent diameter is the diameter of a circular single line having the same sectional area, mass and resistance as the molded line of the same material and state.
At present, a process route of 'heat treatment of a rod material, one-time stay wire of the rod material to a target small-diameter single wire and final heat treatment of the single wire' is commonly adopted for manufacturing the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire, although the conductivity of the single wire can be improved to 61-61.5% IACS to a certain extent, the direct high-temperature long-time heat treatment of the target small-diameter single wire can be accompanied with some quality problems, the surface hardness of the single wire is reduced, scratches are easily generated when the wire is contacted with foreign matters in the manufacturing, expanding and running processes of the wire, and partial corona discharge of the surface of the wire is caused; and secondly, the oil film attached to the single wire in the wire pulling process is evaporated by high-temperature long-time heat treatment, so that the corrosion resistance of the oil film to the surface of the single wire is destroyed, the corrosion phenomenon of the wire is generated after the wire is stored or operated for a period of time, and the service life of the wire is shortened. The invention adopts the mode that the semi-finished product large-diameter single wire is subjected to secondary heat treatment and then the target small-diameter single wire is drawn, so that the conductivity of the semi-finished product large-diameter single wire can be improved, the conductivity of the final target small-diameter single wire can be indirectly improved, meanwhile, the single wire subjected to secondary heat treatment is subjected to small drawing, the surface hardness and the longitudinal tensile strength of the single wire are improved through cold drawing, and the oil film is coated on the target small-diameter single wire through the small drawing process, so that the corrosion resistance and the service life of the lead are improved.
The second aspect of the invention provides a high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire prepared by the preparation process of the first aspect, wherein the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire comprises an aluminum alloy wire with a trapezoid cross section or a concave arc cross section.
Further, the wire collecting speed of the aluminum alloy wire with the trapezoid or concave arc-shaped section in the small drawing process in the step (4) is controlled, and synchronous wire collecting is achieved. The flat or close-adjacent state is achieved when the trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand wires are arranged, the purposes of no line pressing and torsion turn-over among the aluminum strands are achieved, scratches generated when the trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strands are twisted can be effectively avoided, and broken lines and efficiency losses generated by line pressing or torsion turn-over are reduced.
The third aspect of the invention provides a low-wind-pressure high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire, which comprises an inner reinforcing core, an annular gap filled with high-temperature-resistant grease, an inner aluminum strand and an outer aluminum strand; the reinforcing core is formed by concentrically twisting 7 or 19 carbon fiber composite material strands with circular cross sections; the inner layer aluminum strand is formed by concentrically twisting the aluminum alloy wires with the trapezoid cross sections according to the second aspect, and forms annular gaps with the reinforcing cores; the outer layer aluminum strand is formed by concentrically twisting the aluminum alloy wires with the concave arc-shaped sections according to the second aspect.
Further, the reinforcing core is prepared by concentrically twisting one or two layers of carbon fiber composite material strands with the same diameter and circular cross section outside the 1 carbon fiber composite material strand with the circular cross section; when 7 reinforcing cores are provided, the pitch diameter ratio of the 6 layers is 16-26, and the pitch diameter ratio is opposite to the twisting direction of the adjacent trapezoidal section aluminum strand layers; when the reinforcing core is 19 wires, the pitch diameter ratio of 6 layers is 16-26, the pitch diameter ratio of 12 layers is 14-22, the pitch direction of 12 layers is opposite to that of the adjacent trapezoidal aluminum strand layers, and the other pitch directions meet the opposite requirements of the adjacent layers.
Further, the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite material strand is more than or equal to 2600MPa, and the linear expansion coefficient is 1.6x10 -6 At a temperature of 1.60kg/dm 3 。
Further, the aluminum alloy wire with the trapezoid cross section and the aluminum alloy wire with the concave arc cross section are both 62% IACS heat-resistant aluminum wires.
Further, when the number of aluminum layers of the inner aluminum strands is greater than 1, adjacent trapezoid-section aluminum strand layers are twisted in opposite directions, the pitch diameter ratio of the outer aluminum strand layers is not greater than that of the adjacent inner layers, and the pitch diameter ratio of the inner aluminum strands is 10-16.
Further, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy wire with the trapezoid cross section is more than or equal to 180MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 62% IACS, the heat resistance (280 ℃ for 1 h) is more than or equal to 96%, and the elongation is more than or equal to 4.0%.
Further, the twisting direction of the outer layer aluminum strand is the right direction, and the pitch diameter ratio is 10-12.
Further, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy wire with the concave arc-shaped section is more than or equal to 180MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 62 percent IACS, the heat resistance (280 ℃ for 1 h) is more than or equal to 96 percent, and the elongation is more than or equal to 4.0 percent.
Further, the filling coefficient of the inner layer aluminum strands is 92-95%, the filling coefficient of the outer layer aluminum strands is 85-90%, and the filling coefficient is the ratio of the sum of the sectional areas of each aluminum wire of the current layer to the area of the current layer circular ring. The stranded tightness and the surface quality of the wires are ensured by controlling the filling coefficients of the inner layer aluminum strand and the outer layer aluminum strand.
Further, the eccentric angle theta of a single aluminum alloy wire in the inner and outer aluminum strands Eccentric angle And the eccentric angle is the circle center angle corresponding to the gap between the adjacent aluminum alloy wires with trapezoid cross sections or the aluminum alloy wires with concave arc cross sections on the same layer.
Because single trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum wires are spirally stranded into the wires, the section of the single trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand in the vertical section of any wire is slightly larger than the section before stranding, when the eccentric angle is too small and even 0, the n trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strands are mutually extruded against 'bulge', the roundness of the wires is destroyed, the eccentric angle is too large, which is equivalent to reducing the filling area of aluminum in the circular ring, the conductive performance of the wires is reduced, and the electric energy loss is too large. It is necessary to provide an eccentric angle of a suitable magnitude to form inner and outer aluminum layers that are dense and do not bulge.
Further, the central angle theta of a single aluminum alloy wire in the inner and outer aluminum strands Central angle =360 °/n, n being the number of the current layer aluminum alloy wires; in the inner and outer aluminum strandsCentering angle theta of single aluminum alloy wire Centering angle ＝θ Central angle -θ Eccentric angle And calculating to obtain the centering angle.
Further, after obtaining the central angle, the single line number, the diameters of the inner and outer circles of the inner and outer aluminum strands, and controlling the radius r of the transition angle to be 0.3-0.8mm, the equivalent diameter of the section of the corresponding trapezoid or concave arc aluminum alloy wire can be calculated and obtained.
Further, when the equivalent diameter d of the aluminum alloy wire with the concave arc-shaped section is less than or equal to 3mm, the concave arc radius of the concave arc-shaped section is 70-80 mm; when the equivalent diameter d of the aluminum alloy wire with the concave arc-shaped section is more than 3mm and less than or equal to 4mm, the concave arc radius of the concave arc-shaped section is 60-65 mm; when the equivalent diameter d of the aluminum alloy wire with the concave arc-shaped section is more than 4mm, the concave arc radius of the concave arc-shaped section is 55-60 mm.
When the aluminum alloy wire with the trapezoid cross section or the concave arc cross section is twisted, the aluminum alloy wire extends out of the frame body, passes through a preforming device consisting of a first branching plate, a forming plate and a second branching plate, and is twisted through a double-wheel positioning device with a special inner groove shape; the special inner groove shape is designed according to 2% of equal proportion amplification of a trapezoid or concave arc-shaped section.
The traditional molded line twisting process does not adopt effective pre-forming treatment, residual stress generated by the fact that aluminum strand twisting cannot be completely untwisted in the aluminum strand twisting process can not lead to the fact that aluminum strands cannot be twisted on an inner twisted layer in a fitting mode, wire construction cannot be conducted, a large aluminum strand gap can cause corona discharge on the surface of a wire, and the problems of extra loss of electric energy, increase of audible noise and the like are caused; in addition, traditional molded line 3 wheel positioner can't be totally steadily fixed in the inslot with trapezoidal or concave arc cross-section aluminium thigh, and during long-time batch production, the easy roll-off track of aluminium thigh, scratch aluminium thigh or pinch off aluminium thigh lead to wire product surface damage or direct hank to break, produce quality hidden danger or scrapped material loss. Residual stress in the aluminum alloy wire is eliminated through a preforming device, and then the aluminum alloy wire is stranded through a special inner groove-shaped double-wheel positioning device, so that the aluminum strand with the trapezoid or concave arc-shaped section can be ensured not to turn over in a groove, and enters a doubling die at a certain angle regularly to realize concentric stranding of the wires; and the aluminum strands with trapezoid or concave arc-shaped cross sections can be ensured to smoothly pass through the groove, no scratch is generated on the surface of the single wire, and the diameter of the single wire is prevented from being reduced due to excessive resistance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention prepares the 62 percent IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy by carrying out primary heat treatment, large-drawing, secondary heat treatment and small-drawing on the aluminum alloy rod with a specific formula, and compared with the 60 percent IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy (trapezoid or round) strand adopted by the traditional gap lead, the invention has the following characteristics: (1) the conductivity is improved by 2% IACS, the loss of the transmission line can be reduced by about 3.3%, and high-capacity and low-loss transmission is realized, so that the novel capacity-increasing wire is not only suitable for capacity-increasing transformation of an old line, but also suitable for a new transmission line matched with a novel energy source; (2) the tensile strength is improved to be more than 180MPa from 160MPa, the heat resistance is improved to be more than 96% from 90%, the strength of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy material is improved to remain when the novel compatibilized wire is operated at high temperature for a long time, and compared with the traditional 60% IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire, the wire safety is higher when the novel compatibilized wire is operated at high temperature.
2. According to the invention, the light carbon fiber composite material is used as a reinforcing core, and the aluminum alloy wires with the trapezoid cross section and the concave arc cross section are used as the inner layer and the outer layer of the aluminum alloy stranded wire, so that the stranded type heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire with the gap structure is prepared, and compared with the traditional aluminum alloy wire, the heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire with the gap structure has the following characteristics: (1) the density of the carbon fiber composite material is small (1.60 kg/dm 3 The density of the conventional steel core is 7.78kg/dm 3 ) The weight of the lead is reduced under the same specification, the vertical load of the transmission line is reduced, the height, rigidity and strength of the transmission tower are reduced, and the line cost is reduced; (2) the tensile strength of the carbon fiber composite material is high (more than 2600MPa, the tensile strength of the traditional steel core is 1800-1900 MPa), and the running tension of the wire is transferred to the stranded composite material core during high-temperature running, so that the safety coefficient of the wire is improved by 44.4%; (3) the carbon fiber composite material has a low coefficient of thermal expansion (1.6×10 -6 Per degree C, the conventional steel core is 11.5 x 10 -6 At/deg.c), since the sag of the high temperature run wire is entirely dependent on the coefficient of expansion of the reinforcing core, the novel compatibilized wire thermally expands under the same temperature rise conditionsThe elongation is reduced to 13.9%, the performance of the high Wen Huchui of the wire is effectively improved, and the capacity increase of the wire after the old wire is replaced is ensured under the condition that the wire tower is unchanged; (4) the electric energy loss is reduced, the corrosion resistance is good, the steel core is replaced by adopting a nonmetallic material, hysteresis eddy current loss caused by the steel core is avoided, the electric energy loss generated by alternating current resistance is reduced, meanwhile, bimetal electrochemical corrosion of the steel core and an aluminum material is avoided, and the service life of a wire is prolonged by 2-3 times compared with that of a steel core wire in a heavy corrosion environment; (5) besides adopting the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wires as the inner and outer aluminum strands, the invention can reduce the power transmission loss and improve the safety, and adopts the aluminum alloy wires with specific concave arc sections as the material of the outer aluminum strands, so that the outer surface is increased by a certain roughness, the wind resistance coefficient of the wire is reduced, and the wind pressure of the wire is reduced, especially at high wind speed (more than or equal to 45 m/s), the wind resistance coefficient of the wire can be reduced to below 70% of the wind resistance coefficient of the conventional gap-type wire with the same diameter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process route diagram for preparing a highly conductive heat resistant aluminum alloy wire;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an aluminum alloy rod/wire before and after a large pull deformation;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an aluminum alloy wire before and after small-draw deformation;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stranded heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire with a gap structure, wherein (1) is a carbon fiber composite wire with a circular section, (2) is high-temperature grease, (3) is an IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire with a trapezoid section of 62 percent, and (4) is an IACS heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire with a concave arc section of 62 percent;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a conventional gap-type wire, in which (1) is a galvanized steel wire with a circular section, (2) is high-temperature grease, (3) is an iacs heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire with a trapezoid section of 60%, and (4) is an iacs heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire with a circular arc section of 60%;
FIG. 6 shows a single-layer circular ring of a low-wind-pressure, high-conductivity and heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire (left diagram) and an inner trapezoidal aluminum stranded wire structure (right diagram), in which, theta 1 is a central angle, theta 2 is a centering angle, theta 3 is an eccentric angle, theta 4 is a transition angle, D Inner part Is the inner diameter of the layer-like line D Outer part Is the outer diameter of the layer-type line;
FIG. 7 is a mold of a hole pattern taper pattern;
FIG. 8 is a concave arc section of an outer layer aluminum strand and a mold design, wherein a is the outer layer molded line prototype, b is the concave arc treatment (R is the concave arc radius), and c is the concave arc aluminum strand section;
FIG. 9 is a trapezoidal or concave arc shaped aluminum strand take-up reel, wherein D0 is the take-up reel barrel diameter, D1 is the wire-laying round diameter, L is the take-up reel inner width, L1 is the trapezoidal or concave arc shaped aluminum strand width, h is the trapezoidal or concave arc shaped aluminum strand height;
FIG. 10 shows a trapezoidal or concave arc section aluminum strand stranding apparatus, wherein 1 is a trapezoidal or concave arc section aluminum strand, 2 is a first distributor plate, 3 is a forming plate, 4 is a second distributor plate, 5 is an upper positioning wheel, 6 is a lower positioning wheel, L 0 The distance between the wheels is the distance between the wheels, and x is the pressing quantity;
fig. 11 is a two-wheel positioning design, wherein fig. a is a two-wheel positioning plan view, fig. b is a two-wheel positioning section view, and fig. c is an aluminum strand section view.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to preparation of a 62% IACS high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire, which comprises preparation of an aluminum alloy rod, and preparation of the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire by primary heat treatment, large drawing, secondary heat treatment and small drawing of the aluminum alloy rod, wherein the alloy formula of the aluminum alloy rod comprises the following components: 0.04-0.10wt% of Si, 0.10-0.20wt% of Fe, 0.30-0.40wt% of Zr, 0.01-0.02wt% of Cu, 0.04-0.20wt% of Y, cr, mn, V, ti and less than 0.004wt% of Al and the balance of unavoidable impurities. The preparation process of the aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of an aluminum alloy rod:
(1) melting high-purity aluminum ingot in a furnace to obtain AlB 3 Adding 3kg of intermediate alloy into a melting furnace according to the amount of aluminum water per ton to carry out boride treatment, eliminating V, ti element and reducing the influence of the intermediate alloy on the conductivity of the metal material;
(2) blowing in sodium-removing particle refining agent, refining with argon gas for one time, and standing for 50-70min;
(3) adding aluminum zirconium, aluminum iron and aluminum rare earth according to the content of the formula to carry out alloying treatment on the aluminum liquid, so that the chemical components in the aluminum liquid finally reach the required range of each element in the formula;
(4) blowing in sodium-removing particle refining agent again after alloying is finished, carrying out secondary refining by using argon, and carrying out slag skimming after standing; wherein, during secondary refining, blowing in sodium-removing refining agent, and then choke-charging for 20-30min to make the particle refining agent fully react with impurities in aluminum liquid, the refining temperature is 780-800 ℃, and the standing time is 30-40;
(5) pouring aluminum liquid through a heat preservation furnace, and then degassing and double-stage filtering through a degassing box and a filtering box; the online wire feeding treatment step of aluminum boron wires is added at the position of the launder, and the speed is 1.0-1.8m/min;
(6) continuously casting aluminum water, wherein the casting temperature is 670-685 ℃, the casting speed is 5.0-5.5t/h, the cooling water temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the blank discharging temperature is 450-480 ℃;
(7) rolling the casting blank to obtain the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy rod; wherein the rolling temperature is 410-440 ℃ and the finishing temperature is 100-200 ℃. The aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm is prepared by the process, and the performance meets the following requirements: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 156MPa, the conductivity is more than or equal to 61.4 percent IACS, the elongation is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the heat resistance (280 ℃ for 1 h) is more than or equal to 92 percent.
(2) Primary heat treatment:
heating the 9.5mm high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy rod prepared in the step (1) to 380 ℃ for 4 hours, and preserving heat for 60 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy rod subjected to primary heat treatment, wherein the performance of the aluminum alloy rod meets the following requirements: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 145MPa, the conductivity is more than or equal to 62.0 percent IACS, the elongation is more than or equal to 12 percent, and the heat resistance (280 ℃ for 1 h) is more than or equal to 98 percent.
(3) And (3) carrying out large drawing treatment:
4 cold drawing elongation treatments are carried out on the 9.5mm high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy rod obtained by the treatment in the step (2), the elongation coefficient of each cold drawing is designed to be 1.20-1.28, and the pretreated large-diameter high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire with the diameter of 6.40mm is obtained, and the performance of the wire meets the following requirements: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 168MPa, the conductivity is more than or equal to 61.75 percent IACS, the elongation is more than or equal to 8 percent, and the heat resistance (280 ℃ for 1 h) is more than or equal to 94 percent.
(4) And (3) secondary heat treatment:
heating the large-diameter high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (3) through the large-pulling treatment to 280 ℃ for 3h, and preserving heat for 20h to obtain the aluminum alloy wire after the secondary heat treatment, wherein the performance of the aluminum alloy wire meets the following requirements: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 152MPa, the conductivity is more than or equal to 62.4 percent IACS, the elongation is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the heat resistance (280 ℃ for 1 h) is more than or equal to 98 percent.
(5) And (3) small drawing treatment:
carrying out 5-7 cold drawing elongation treatments on the large-diameter aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (4), wherein the elongation coefficient of each cold drawing is designed to be 1.18-1.22, and the target small-diameter single-wire high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire is obtained, and the performance of the wire meets the following requirements: tensile strength not less than 168MPa, conductivity not less than 61.75% IACS, elongation not less than 8%, heat resistance (280 ℃ for 1 h) not less than 94%
According to the invention, in one embodiment, the aluminum alloy wire A with the single wire diameter of 3.6mm is prepared by adopting the method in the embodiment, in addition, the aluminum alloy wire B with the single wire diameter of 3.6mm is prepared by adopting the traditional process that the same aluminum alloy rod is subjected to rod heat treatment, one-time wire drawing is carried out to a target small-diameter single wire, and the single wire is subjected to final heat treatment, and the conductivity, the hardness, the tensile strength and the corrosion resistance of the two aluminum alloy wires are tested according to the following test standards:
conductivity of: the detection method refers to the part 2 of the GB/T3048.2 electric wire and cable electric performance test method: resistivity test of metal materials;
hardness: the detection method refers to part 8 of the GB/T4909.8 bare wire test method: hardness test buchner method;
tensile strength: the detection method refers to part 3 of the GB-T4909.3 bare wire test method: tension test;
corrosion resistance: the detection method refers to GB/T10125 artificial atmosphere corrosion test and salt spray test;
the test results are shown in table 2 below:
table 2 comparison of properties of aluminum alloy wires prepared by different processes
Compared with the traditional process, the aluminum alloy wire prepared by the process has the advantages of greatly improved conductivity, hardness and tensile strength and better corrosion resistance.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to preparation of a heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire with a gap structure, wherein a schematic cross section of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire is shown in fig. 10, and the heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire comprises an inner reinforcing core formed by concentrically stranding 7 carbon fiber composite material strands with circular cross sections, an annular gap filled with high-temperature-resistant grease, an inner aluminum strand formed by concentrically stranding aluminum alloy wires with trapezoid cross sections, and an outer aluminum strand formed by concentrically stranding aluminum alloy wires with concave arc cross sections; the preparation and twisting process of the 62% IACS high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire with the trapezoid or concave arc-shaped cross section are as follows:
(1) Preparation of 62% iacs highly conductive heat resistant aluminum alloy wire with trapezoidal or concave arc cross section: the materials used are the same as those of example 1, and only the die used in the small drawing process is different, and the design process of the die for preparing the aluminum alloy wire with the trapezoid or concave arc section is as follows:
(1) and (3) filling coefficient design: in order to ensure the stranded tightness and the surface quality of the wires, the filling coefficient of the inner trapezoidal section aluminum strand is 92-95 percent, and the outer trapezoidal section aluminum strand isThe filling coefficient of the concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand is 85-90%, and the filling coefficient is defined as lambda=S Total (S) /S Ring(s) ，S Total (S) For the sum of the cross-sectional areas of each aluminum strand of the layer, S as shown in the left graph of FIG. 6 Ring(s) Is the area of the circle of the layer.
(2) Eccentric angle design of trapezoidal or concave arc section aluminum strand: in order to ensure that no bulging phenomenon occurs after twisting and the roundness of the lead is destroyed, the eccentric angle theta corresponding to the aluminum strand with single trapezoid or concave arc-shaped section is increased Eccentric angle The eccentric angle is the angle of the gap between adjacent trapezoidal strands or concave arc strands on the same layer relative to the circle center, and the angle is set to be 0.3-0.5 degrees.
(3) Trapezoidal or concave arc section aluminum strand target section design: central angle theta corresponding to single trapezoid or concave arc section aluminium strand Central angle =360 °/n, n being the number of single lines at the current level; corresponding centering angle theta of single trapezoid or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand Centering angle ＝θ Central angle -θ Eccentric angle The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The radius of the transition angle is generally 0.3-0.8mm. The target section of the trapezoid or concave arc section aluminum strand can be obtained by knowing the center angle, the single line number, the diameter of the inner circle and the outer circle of the trapezoid or concave arc section aluminum strand and the radius of the transition angle. The concave arc radius of the aluminum alloy wire with the concave arc section is designed according to the equivalent diameter of the aluminum alloy wire, and when the equivalent diameter of the aluminum strand with the concave arc section is less than or equal to 3.00, R is 70-80 mm; when the equivalent diameter of the concave arc-shaped aluminum strand is less than or equal to 4.00mm, R is 60-65 mm; when the equivalent diameter of the concave arc-shaped aluminum strand is more than 4.00mm, R is 55-60 mm.
The die with the target section is obtained through the method, and the die with the hole type gradual change mode shown in fig. 7 is adopted to draw the aluminum alloy wire with the target section from the large-diameter aluminum alloy wire after the secondary treatment.
(2) Setting of winding parameters of trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strands
The design of the winding parameters of the trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand in the process of small drawing is very important, the matching precision of the longitudinal winding speed and the transverse winding speed of the winding equipment in the winding process is far higher than that of the circular section aluminum strand, the winding speed can be calculated through the winding speed to realize synchronous winding, the trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand reaches a flat and close state when being wound, the purpose of avoiding line pressing and torsion turning among aluminum strands is realized, the scratch generated during the twisting of the trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand can be effectively avoided, and the broken line and efficiency loss generated by line pressing and torsion turning are reduced, and the specific design method is as follows:
(1) determining the wire-rewinding speed of the aluminum strands with trapezoid or concave arc-shaped cross sections
When the equivalent diameter d of the trapezoid or concave arc section aluminum strand is less than or equal to 3.00mm, the wire winding speed v Longitudinal direction Taking 14-18 m/s; when the equivalent diameter d of the trapezoid or concave arc section aluminum strand is more than 3.00mm and less than or equal to 4.00mm, the wire winding speed v Longitudinal direction Taking 10-15 m/s; when the equivalent diameter of the trapezoid or concave arc section aluminum strand is more than 4.00mm, the wire winding speed v Longitudinal direction Taking 8-12 m/s.
(2) Determining time t for full discharge of trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strands
Taking up is performed by adopting the take-up reel shown in fig. 9, wherein D0 is the barrel diameter (unit: m) of the take-up reel, L is the inner width (unit: m) of the take-up reel, h is the height (unit: m) of the trapezoid or concave arc-shaped aluminum strand, L1 is the width (unit: m) of the long side of the trapezoid or concave arc-shaped aluminum strand, D1 is the diameter (unit: m) of a winding displacement circle, and d1=d0+2h.
The aluminum strands with the trapezoid or concave arc-shaped section are arranged on the disk for a layer of time t= (S multiplied by m)/v Longitudinal direction Wherein S is the circumferential length of the winding displacement (unit: m), S=pi×D1, m is the number of winding displacement circles, and m=L/L 1 ，υ Longitudinal direction The longitudinal take-up speed is the unit m/s in the small drawing process.
(3) Determining the transverse winding displacement velocity v Transverse bar
Transverse winding displacement speed v Transverse bar =l/t in m/s.
According to the setting of the winding displacement parameters, synchronous winding can be realized, and the flat or close state of the trapezoidal or concave arc section aluminum strand winding displacement is ensured.
(3) Twisting of inner and outer aluminum strands
Because the aluminum alloy wires with the trapezoid or concave arc-shaped cross sections are easy to turn over during twisting, the branching device for twisting the aluminum strands with the circular cross sections is not suitable for twisting the aluminum strands with the trapezoid or concave arc-shaped cross sections. The present invention provides a twisting device for aluminum strands having a special-shaped cross section, as shown in fig. 10, comprising a preforming device composed of a first wire dividing plate, a forming plate and a second wire dividing plate, and a two-wheel positioning portion. The aluminum strands with trapezoid or concave arc-shaped cross sections extend out of the frame body, residual stress of the aluminum strands is eliminated through the preforming device, and the aluminum strands are stranded through the special inner groove-shaped double-wheel positioning device. The number of the aluminum strands with the trapezoid or concave arc-shaped section of the current layer is annularly and evenly arranged at 360 degrees.
Wherein the edge wheel distance L between the first branching plate and the second branching plate 0 The amount of depression between the forming plate and the second splitter plate was designed to be 90% of the diameter of the layer of wire when twisted, based on a 100% design of the pitch of the single layer of wire.
The double-wheel positioning device comprises an upper positioning wheel and a lower positioning wheel which can move up and down on a vertical track, the upper positioning wheel and the lower positioning wheel are required to be adjusted to limit according to the height of the trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand, the upper positioning wheel and the lower positioning wheel are combined with a groove profile, the groove profile is designed by equal proportion and 2% amplification on the basis of the trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand, the structure is as shown in figure 11, and the amplified groove type design can ensure that the trapezoidal or concave arc-shaped section aluminum strand does not twist and turn over in a groove, and enters a doubling die at a certain angle regularly to realize concentric twisting of wires; and the aluminum strands with trapezoid or concave arc-shaped cross sections can be ensured to smoothly pass through the groove, no scratch is generated on the surface of the single wire, and the diameter of the single wire is prevented from being reduced due to excessive resistance.
According to the method, two aluminum alloy stranded wires 1 and 2 with different concave arc radiuses of the section of the outer layer aluminum strand are prepared, wherein the equivalent diameter of the outer layer concave arc aluminum strand of the aluminum alloy stranded wire 1 is 5.36mm, and the concave arc radius is 75mm; the equivalent diameter of the outer concave arc aluminum strand of the aluminum alloy stranded wire 2 is 5.36mm, the concave arc radius is 57mm, and the rest are the same. The common steel-cored aluminum strand JL/G1A-630/45 with the round section of the outermost aluminum strand is taken as a comparison sample, and the section structure is shown in FIG. 5. The diameters of the stranded wires are 33.8mm, the wind resistance of the samples with the length of each intercepted wire being 1.52m is tested according to the test method of the wind resistance coefficient of the NB/T10667-2021 low-wind-pressure overhead wire annex B low-wind-pressure overhead wire, the tested wind resistance coefficient is a dimensionless value, the value of the tested wind resistance coefficient is in direct proportion to the wind force bearing value of the wire after wind blowing, and the smaller the wind resistance coefficient of the samples under the same wind speed is, the smaller the wind force bearing value of the samples is. The test results are shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 wind resistance coefficient test results for samples
| Wind speed V (m/s) | Aluminum alloy stranded |
Aluminum alloy stranded |
Contrast sample |
| 15 | 1.1538 | 1.0045 | 1.1645 |
| 20 | 1.0515 | 0.9342 | 1.1007 |
| 25 | 1.0374 | 0.8446 | 1.1016 |
| 30 | 0.9561 | 0.8282 | 1.0844 |
| 35 | 0.9535 | 0.7644 | 1.0691 |
| 40 | 0.9563 | 0.7207 | 1.036 |
| 45 | 0.9395 | 0.7012 | 1.0435 |
| 50 | 0.9273 | 0.6745 | 1.0258 |
| 55 | 0.9269 | 0.6598 | 1.0421 |
| 60 | 0.9292 | 0.6575 | 1.0454 |
The outer layer aluminum strand of the aluminum alloy stranded wire is designed into a concave arc shape, the radius of the concave arc is controlled in a proper range, the wind resistance coefficient of the stranded wire can be reduced, so that the wind pressure is reduced, and the change condition that the wind resistance coefficient of different samples in the table 3 increases along with the wind speed can be known, wherein the wind resistance coefficient of the aluminum alloy stranded wire 2 prepared by the method is smaller than that of other samples at different wind speeds, and is obviously reduced relative to a comparison sample along with the increase of the wind speed, when the wind speed is more than or equal to 35m/s, the wind resistance coefficient can be reduced to less than 80% of the comparison sample, and when the wind speed is more than or equal to 45m/s, the wind resistance coefficient is reduced to less than 70% of the comparison sample.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation process of the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Heating the aluminum alloy rod to 378-382 ℃ in 3-5 h, and preserving heat for 56-64 h to perform primary heat treatment; the aluminum alloy rod comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.04-0.1wt% Si, 0.10-0.20wt% Fe, 0.30-0.40wt% Zr, 0.01-0.02wt% Cu, 0.04-0.2wt% Y, the sum of Cr, mn, V, ti being less than 0.004wt%, the remainder being Al and unavoidable impurities;
(2) Carrying out cold drawing extension treatment on the aluminum alloy rod subjected to the heat treatment in the step (1) for 3-5 times to obtain an aluminum alloy wire within a preset diameter range, and controlling the cold drawing extension coefficient of each cold drawing to be 1.20-1.28;
(3) Heating the aluminum alloy wire treated in the step (2) to 279-281 ℃ in 2-4 hours, and preserving heat for 18-22 hours to perform secondary heat treatment;
(4) Carrying out 5-7 cold drawing extension treatments on the aluminum alloy wire subjected to the heat treatment in the step (3) by adopting a die in a hole type gradual change mode, and controlling the cold drawing extension coefficient of each cold drawing to be 1.18-1.22 to obtain the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire;
in the step (1), the aluminum alloy rod is prepared by a continuous casting and rolling process, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: adding high-purity aluminum ingot into a melting furnace for melting, and then adding AlB 3 Carrying out boration treatment;
s2: adding a sodium removal particle refining agent into molten aluminum in an inert atmosphere, and standing for 50-70min for primary refining;
s3: adding other materials into the aluminum liquid after the first refining to carry out alloying treatment, and controlling the mass ratio of each element in the aluminum liquid;
s4: adding a sodium-removing particle refining agent into the alloy under an inert atmosphere after alloying is finished, and carrying out secondary refining in a choke furnace for 20-30 min; the temperature of the second refining is 780-800 ℃, and the standing time is 30-40 min;
s5: pouring the aluminum liquid after slag skimming through a heat preservation furnace, and then carrying out degassing and two-stage filtration through a degassing box and a filtering box; the aluminum boron wire on-line wire feeding treatment is added at the launder part, and the dumping speed is 1.0-1.8m/min;
s6: continuously casting aluminum water, wherein the casting temperature is 670-685 ℃, the casting speed is 5.0-5.5t/h, the cooling water temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the blank discharging temperature is 450-480 ℃;
s7: rolling the casting blank to obtain the high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy rod; the rolling temperature is 410-440 ℃ and the finishing temperature is 100-200 ℃.
2. A highly conductive heat resistant aluminum alloy wire prepared by the preparation process of claim 1, wherein the highly conductive heat resistant aluminum alloy wire comprises an aluminum alloy wire having a trapezoidal cross section or a concave arc cross section.
3. The low-wind-pressure high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire comprises an inner reinforcing core, an annular gap filled with high-temperature-resistant grease, an inner aluminum strand and an outer aluminum strand, and is characterized in that the reinforcing core is formed by concentrically stranding 7 or 19 carbon fiber composite material strands with circular cross sections;
the inner layer aluminum strand is formed by concentrically twisting the aluminum alloy wires with the trapezoid cross sections according to claim 2, and forms annular gaps with the reinforcing cores;
the outer layer aluminum strand is formed by concentrically twisting the aluminum alloy wires with the concave arc-shaped sections according to claim 2.
4. The low-wind-pressure and high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire according to claim 3, wherein the filling coefficient of the inner aluminum strand is 92-95%, the filling coefficient of the outer aluminum strand is 85-90%, and the filling coefficient is the ratio of the sum of the sectional areas of each aluminum wire of the current layer to the area of the current layer circular ring.
5. The low wind pressure and high conductivity heat resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire according to claim 3, wherein the eccentric angle of the single aluminum alloy wire in the inner layer aluminum stranded wire and the outer layer aluminum stranded wire is 0.3-0.5 degrees, and the eccentric angle is the center angle corresponding to the gap between the aluminum alloy wires with trapezoid cross sections or the aluminum alloy wires with concave arc cross sections which are adjacent to each other on the same layer.
6. The low-wind-pressure and high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein when the equivalent diameter d of an aluminum alloy wire with a concave arc-shaped section is less than or equal to 3mm, the concave arc radius of the concave arc-shaped section is 70 to 80mm; when the equivalent diameter of an aluminum alloy wire with a concave arc-shaped section is 3mm < d less than or equal to 4mm, the concave arc radius of the concave arc-shaped section is 60-65 mm; when the equivalent diameter d of the aluminum alloy wire with the concave arc-shaped section is more than 4mm, the concave arc radius of the concave arc-shaped section is 55-60 mm.
7. The aluminum alloy stranded wire with low wind pressure and high conductivity and heat resistance according to claim 3, wherein when the aluminum alloy wire with the trapezoid cross section or the concave arc cross section is stranded, the aluminum alloy wire is stretched out from the frame body, and is stranded by a preforming device consisting of a first branching plate, a forming plate and a second branching plate and then by a double-wheel positioning device with a special inner groove shape; the special inner groove shape is designed according to 2% of equal proportion amplification of a trapezoid or concave arc-shaped section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210816515.3A CN115261749B (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2022-07-12 | High-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and preparation process and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210816515.3A CN115261749B (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2022-07-12 | High-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and preparation process and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115261749A CN115261749A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
| CN115261749B true CN115261749B (en) | 2023-05-23 |
Family
ID=83765453
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210816515.3A Active CN115261749B (en) | 2022-07-12 | 2022-07-12 | High-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and preparation process and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115261749B (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114086033A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏亨通电力特种导线有限公司 | Super heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1978686A (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2007-06-13 | 上海中天铝线有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-conductive heat-resistance aluminium alloy wire |
| US9991024B2 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2018-06-05 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Aluminum alloy wire rod, aluminum alloy stranded wire, coated wire, wire harness and manufacturing method of aluminum alloy wire rod |
| JP2018141209A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-13 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Method for manufacturing aluminum alloy wire |
| CN113363007A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-07 | 江苏亨通电力特种导线有限公司 | Self-damping low wind pressure conducting wire and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-07-12 CN CN202210816515.3A patent/CN115261749B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114086033A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏亨通电力特种导线有限公司 | Super heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115261749A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104213033B (en) | 60-steel hot rolling coil rod with high strength and high plasticity and production method thereof | |
| CN113637907B (en) | Production method of 72-grade cord steel with coarse breaking rate lower than 1.0 per kiloton | |
| CN108330392B (en) | High-strength wire rod for fine steel wire and production method thereof | |
| CN106653154A (en) | High-strength aluminum-clad steel wire and production method thereof | |
| CN110453153B (en) | Low-cost cord steel wire rod and production method thereof | |
| CN111519116B (en) | Preparation method of large-length solderless copper-chromium-zirconium contact line | |
| CN111495968B (en) | Cold heading steel ML45Mn2 hot-rolled wire rod for 10.9-grade railway locomotive high-strength rivet and production method thereof | |
| KR100721635B1 (en) | Method of manufacturing trapezoidal shaped xtacir, xtacir and overhead transmission line manufactured using the same | |
| CN101261890B (en) | Manufacturing technology for high-intensity clearance ultra heat resisting aluminum alloy lead and ultra heat resisting aluminum alloy | |
| CN114203333B (en) | High-conductivity high-strength rare earth alloy overhead insulated cable and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111128445B (en) | Aluminum-manganese alloy steel-clad reinforced overhead conductor and preparation process thereof | |
| CN115261749B (en) | High-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire and preparation process and application thereof | |
| CN110578074A (en) | Super heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and preparation method thereof | |
| CN116695013A (en) | 1100 MPa-level high-carbon steel wire rod for Z-shaped steel wire production and production process thereof | |
| CN111816349B (en) | Ultrahigh-conductivity aluminum-clad steel strand and production process thereof | |
| CN103233139A (en) | Copper-iron-stannum (Cu-Fe-Sn) conducting material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112195391A (en) | Production method of high-carbon high-silicon steel wire rod for large-span low-sag aluminum-clad wire | |
| CN111690877A (en) | Production method of hot-rolled wire rod for ultra-low carbon steel fiber | |
| CN114075639A (en) | High-strength and high-fatigue-life steel for cable, wire rod and preparation method of steel | |
| CN113658759B (en) | Production method of high-strength pure copper carrier cable stranded wire | |
| CN111793770A (en) | Prestressed steel core for overhead conductor and preparation method thereof | |
| KR20110125411A (en) | Copper alloy wire for electric car line and fabricating method thereof | |
| CN114783663B (en) | Aluminum alloy protective layer for new energy automobile and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JPH06240426A (en) | Production of high strength copper alloy trolley wire | |
| CN116695019A (en) | High-formability high-carbon steel wire rod and production process thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |