RU94284U1 - ROTOR-PISTON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SHATROV P.L. - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotary-piston internal combustion engine containing a stationary housing with a rotor located in it, rotor working cylinders, each of which houses a piston equipped with a connecting rod and a support roller interacting with a curved support surface mounted on the housing, the number of working cylinders is even, differing in that that the working cylinders of the rotor are displaced in the plane of rotation of the rotor from the center of rotation of the rotor by an equal distance, and for each cylinder the working cylinder opposite to it relative to the center of rotation of the rotor is located centrally symmetrically, and their axes are parallel, for each pair of opposite cylinders there are two levers and one rod, the levers are fixed to the rotor by fixed hinges, each lever is connected by one movable hinge to the connecting rod of the corresponding working cylinder, and by the other movable hinge is connected by means of a rod to the lever of the opposite working cylinder.

Description

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to internal combustion engines and can be used as an engine in automobiles, motorcycles, ships, railway transport, tractors, in aircraft and household appliances.

Known rotary piston internal combustion engine (Wankel engine). A feature of the known engine is the use of a rotating rotor (piston) located inside the cylinder, the surface of which is made according to the epitrochoid.

(See website: vankel.narod.ru)

The rotor mounted on the shaft is rigidly connected to the gear wheel, which engages with the fixed gear. At the same time, a rotor with a gear wheel rolls around a gear. At the same time, its faces glide over the epitrochoidal surface of the cylinder and cut off the variable volumes of the chambers in the cylinder.

However, such an engine has significant drawbacks that did not allow it to be widely used.

These include low efficiency, low resource, increased oil consumption, a tendency to overheat, the need to use very sophisticated equipment in the manufacture, after the resource has been exhausted, it cannot be repaired. The reason for these shortcomings is that the combustion chamber has the shape of a narrow lens, which does not allow the working mixture to completely burn, and a large area of the combustion chamber leads to increased heat dissipation and, as a result, leads to engine overheating, and lower efficiency. The rectangular shape of the rotor-piston does not provide sealing of the combustion chamber with a long service life of the engine. The inability to remove excess oil from the combustion chamber leads to an excessive consumption of oil.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect, chosen as the closest analogue, is a rotary piston internal combustion engine containing a stationary housing with a rotor located in it, rotor working cylinders, which are combined into a block of cylinder combustion chambers radially converging to each other, in each of the working cylinders there is a piston equipped with a connecting rod and a support roller interacting with a curved support surface mounted on the housing, the number of working cylinders is even, ( about as an odd option).

(See Eurasian Patent Office patent EA 200702119 A1 dated 02.28.2008, registration number of priority application AZA 20060135 dated 07.07.2006, “Internal combustion engine”.)

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the complexity of its design, due to the presence of parts of a specific form for the manufacture of which requires complex expensive equipment. Such details include, in particular, the so-called rim having treadmills. The extraction of the useful force that creates the torque on the rotor from the reactive force acting on the support roller from the side of the rim, significantly reduces the efficiency. The support rollers create double-sided, radially directed loads on the rim and, therefore, in practical use, the rim must have large overall dimensions that increase the overall dimensions of the engine. In addition, the service life of the support rollers and the rim in the known technical solution is very limited, since for one revolution of the rotor the rollers twice change the direction of rotation, which leads to their rapid wear. Other disadvantages of the known engine include low efficiency and limited service life, the complexity of the repair.

The objective of this utility model is to simplify the design of a rotary piston internal combustion engine while increasing its efficiency and service life, simplifying maintenance and repair of the engine.

The technical result that allows to solve this problem is to optimize the design of the rotary piston internal combustion engine, which ensures the creation of torque on the rotor directly by the pressure of the working gases generated inside the combustion chamber of the working cylinders, without intermediate transformations, due to the location of the rotor working cylinders proposed by the applicant.

The problem is achieved in that in the known rotary piston internal combustion engine containing a stationary housing with a rotor located therein, rotor working cylinders, in each of which a piston is placed, equipped with a connecting rod and a support roller interacting with a curved supporting surface mounted on the housing, the number of working cylinders is even, according to a utility model, the working cylinders of the rotor are offset in the plane of rotation of the rotor from the center of rotation of the rotor by an equal distance, and for each working cylinder, the working cylinder opposite it relative to the center of rotation of the rotor is located symmetrically centrally, their axes are parallel, two levers and one link are installed for each pair of opposing working cylinders, the levers are fixed on the rotor by fixed hinges, each lever is connected by a fixed hinge to the connecting rod of the corresponding working cylinder and another movable hinge by means of a rod connected to the lever of the opposite working cylinder.

Studies on patent and scientific and technical sources of information indicate that the proposed rotary piston internal combustion engine is not known, and, therefore, meets the criterion of "novelty."

The proposed rotary piston internal combustion engine can be manufactured at any enterprise specializing in this industry since this requires well-known materials and standard equipment widely produced by domestic and foreign industry.

Thus, the inventive rotary piston internal combustion engine meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The proposed set of essential features informs the claimed rotary piston internal combustion engine of new properties that can solve the problem, namely: simplifying the design of the rotary piston internal combustion engine while increasing its efficiency and service life, simplifying maintenance and repair of the engine.

The displacement of the rotor working cylinders in the plane of rotation of the rotor, from the center of rotation of the rotor by an equal distance, when each working cylinder is opposite to it relative to the center of rotation of the rotor of the working cylinder is centrally symmetric so that their axes are parallel, provides torque directly on the rotor by working pressure gases generated inside the combustion chamber of the working cylinders from the combustion of the combustible mixture supplied to the combustion chamber, since due to this arrangement of the working cylinders moat force acting on the rear wall of the cylinder acquires a shoulder and creates a torque, this significantly increases the efficiency of the inventive rotary piston internal combustion engine, while simplifying its construction.

In addition, this arrangement of the working cylinders allows, as the rotor moves and the supporting roller passes one working cylinder along a curved supporting surface, it makes it possible to ensure that the other working cylinder comes into contact with the curved supporting surface of the supporting roller, thereby maintaining an uninterrupted engine duty cycle, and ensures uniform power take-off on the rotor of the engine, which also increases the efficiency of the engine.

The curved supporting surface contacts the supporting rollers when the rotor is rotated through an angle of up to 180-270 degrees, and at least one of the supporting rollers of each pair of opposing cylinders is contacted, and the shape of the supporting surface allows the pistons to move in the working cylinders by the size of the working stroke. A curved supporting surface can be mounted on the housing with the ability to move from the center of rotation of the rotor, which will allow you to adjust the compression ratio in the combustion chambers of the working cylinders.

The installation for each pair of opposite working cylinders of two levers and one thrust so that the levers are fixed on the rotor by fixed hinges, and each lever is connected by one movable hinge to the connecting rod of the corresponding working cylinder, and the other movable hinge is connected to the lever of the opposite working cylinder by means of a thrust, synchronization of the movement of pistons, maintains the balance of the rotor, forms the strokes of the exhaust and intake, allows you to form a complete cycle of a four-stroke engine, while simplicity a design that is convenient to maintain and repair.

Thus, the set of essential features of the proposed rotary piston internal combustion engine can simplify the design of the engine while increasing its efficiency and operating life, simplify maintenance and repair of the engine.

The essence of the proposed utility model is illustrated by schematic drawings, which depict:

Figure 1 - shows the location of the cylinders, the principle of formation and the direction of action of the driving force F;

Figure 2 - shows the components of the reactive force F3;

Figure 3 - shows the dynamics of the movement of the working cylinders;

Figure 4 - shows the shape of a curved supporting surface;

Figure 5 - shows a schematic view of a 2-cylinder engine.

The rotary piston internal combustion engine comprises a stationary housing 1 with a rotor 2 located therein, working cylinders 3, each of which has a piston 4, equipped with a connecting rod 5 and a supporting roller 6, interacting with a curved supporting surface 7 mounted on the housing 1, working cylinders 3 rotors 2 displaced in the plane of rotation of the rotor 2 from the center of rotation of the rotor 2 at an equal distance, moreover, for each working cylinder, the working cylinder 3 is located centrally opposite to the center of rotation of the rotor 2 but symmetrically, their axes are parallel, for each pair of opposing working cylinders 3 there are two levers 8 and one rod 9, levers 8 are fixed to the rotor 2 by fixed hinges 10, each lever 8 is connected by one movable hinge 11 to the connecting rod 5 of the corresponding working cylinder 3, and another movable hinge 11 through the rod 9 is connected to the lever 8 of the opposite working cylinder 3.

The displacement of the working cylinders 3 from the center of rotation of the rotor 2 should be at least 0.5 of the diameter of the working cylinder, which is necessary to maintain the efficiency at a high level. With increasing displacement of the working cylinders 3 from the axis of rotation of the rotor 2, the engine is characterized by an increase in torque.

A rotary piston internal combustion engine operates as follows with the use of two working cylinders:

Well-known systems for supplying a combustible mixture, ignition and gas distribution (not shown in the drawing) provide engine start-up and operation. The supply of the combustible mixture into the cylinder’s combustion chamber and the exhaust gas is discharged through the side windows in the cylinders when they are in the corresponding phases of the rotor motion, opposite the intake and exhaust channels, while the pistons 4 make forced reciprocating movements that correspond to the well-known 4 engine cycle. When a combustible mixture is combusted in a combustion chamber, the pressure acting on the rear wall of the cylinder generates a force F, which acts relative to the support surface 7 through the piston 4, connecting rod 5, support roller 6, creating a torque on the rotor 2, and sets it in motion as shown in figure 1. In this way, a working stroke equal to ¼ revolution is made, the next - revolution - release and intake strokes occur when the piston is forced to move, and are provided with a lever mechanism. The compression stroke in the cylinder occurs when the support roller of this cylinder is already in contact with the support surface. Another working cylinder 3 performs the same cycle, but with a difference of 180 degrees. The movement of the pistons is synchronized using the mechanism of levers 8 and traction 9. It should be noted that the strokes of the stroke and intake can be more or less than 90 degrees, depending on the version of the engine.

The axis of the support roller 6 is the hinge 11 for the lever 8. When the piston 4 is moving, the lever 8 is rotated on the fixed hinge 10 and the other arm through the movable hinge 11 and the rod 9 drives the lever 8 of the piston 4 of the opposite working cylinder 3.

The rotor 2 may have four or more working cylinders 3, of the rotor, where each working cylinder is paired with the opposing working cylinder, similar to the two-cylinder version, then for one revolution of the rotor the number of working strokes equal to the number of cylinders occurs, while the torque increases and the rotor gets rid of impulse movement.

To increase power on one shaft, you can place two or more rotors.

The curved supporting surface 7 must be in contact with the supporting roller for at least half of the engine revolution so that at least one of the supporting rollers 6 of each pair of opposing cylinders touches the supporting surface. The support roller 6 itself is pressed against the support surface 7 since it is located where the working cylinder 3 passes the compression-working stroke phase, at this moment there is increased pressure in the working cylinder.

The applicant experimentally established the shape of the supporting surface, following the dynamics of the movement of the pistons 4 in the working cylinders 3 see figure 3 and figure 4. At the same time, he was guided by the fact that on the support roller, a reactive force F1 arising from the side of the supporting surface 7 parallel to the axis of the working cylinder 3 was thereby eliminated, thereby eliminating or significantly reducing the perpendicular component F2, counteracting the rotation of the rotor as shown in figure 2.

Using the inventive design of a rotary piston internal combustion engine, it is possible to produce engines running on gasoline, gas or diesel fuel. At the same time, it is necessary to note a reduced demand for octane when working on gasoline. To change the degree of compression in the cylinders, it is enough to approximate or move away, relative to the center of rotation of the rotor, the supporting surface 7.

Claims (1)

A rotary piston internal combustion engine comprising a stationary housing with a rotor located therein, rotor working cylinders, each of which has a piston equipped with a connecting rod and a supporting roller interacting with a curved supporting surface mounted on the housing, the number of working cylinders is even, characterized in that that the working cylinders of the rotor are offset in the plane of rotation of the rotor from the center of rotation of the rotor by an equal distance, and for each cylinder opposite it relative to the center of rotation of the rotor p The working cylinder is located centrally symmetrical, and their axes are parallel, for each pair of opposite cylinders two levers and one rod are installed, the levers are fixed on the rotor by fixed hinges, each lever is connected with one connecting rod to the connecting rod of the corresponding working cylinder, and the other movable hinge is connected to the connecting rod with the lever of the opposite working cylinder.