RU92138U1 - PIPELINE BALLASTING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for ballasting pipelines, comprising a pair of containers having side walls formed by a single flexible sheet material for both containers with an intermediate section between the containers, characterized in that the intermediate section contains at least three interconnected layers, one of which It is a flexible sheet material, while others are its end sections. ! 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end sections of the flexible sheet material are located on one side of it. ! 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end sections of the flexible sheet material are located on its different sides. ! 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end sections of the flexible sheet material are located on one side thereof, and the adjacent portion of the end portion directly superimposed on the flexible sheet material is bent outward, and the portion of the other end portion adjacent to the edge is folded under it. ! 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate section is equipped with an additional flexible liner connected to the remaining layers. ! 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each container has end walls, one of which is provided with an opening, and each end wall and side wall are connected by a seam containing the combined end portions of the end wall and side wall, together bent, pressed and stitched to the side wall.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, in particular, it is intended for works involving the laying of containers filled with bulk material, for example, for ballasting during the construction or reconstruction of pipelines, to strengthen the soil of artificial and natural excavations, during hydraulic works, to strengthen embankments and slopes and other engineering structures.

Pipelines for the fluid (oil, gas, water, etc.) are often laid in trenches with a depth of 1.5-2 m. The pipeline consists of pipes welded at the ends, installed on racks in trenches. Trenches can be filled with water as a result of melting snow (i.e. flood waters), as well as as a result of the flow of groundwater from the upper layers (strata). This leads to the fact that the pipelines "stick out" or their ascent occurs. The resulting bending of the pipeline entails the deformation of the welds, leading to the destruction of the pipeline.

On the other hand, the fluid (gas, oil, water, etc.) supplied under pressure inside the pipeline can, with a sharp increase in pressure, change the geometry of the pipeline in the plan, that is, it will be transversely moved in the plan. The pipe bending that has arisen in plan also entails the deformation of the welds, which can lead to fracture of the pipeline in the weld and its destruction.

Therefore, the task is, firstly, to hold the pipeline at the design elevation vertically, and secondly, to keep it from lateral movements in the plan (i.e. from horizontal movements in the plan).

Both of these tasks are accomplished by hanging on top of the pipeline filled with bulk material (soil, sand, etc.) devices for ballasting pipelines in the form of pairs of containers interconnected by a connecting strip (“stitching”) laid on the pipeline. Pairs of containers with connecting panels press the pipeline pipes to the prepared base, for example, to a sand and gravel pillow, to racks, etc. For 1 km of the pipeline 40-50 pairs of containers (bags) are usually hung.

Each container, as well as the connecting panel, can be made of textile material.

The connecting strip of each pair of containers of the pipeline ballasting device, as noted above, is placed on top of the pipeline, and the containers themselves are arranged so that there is one container on one side of the pipeline and the other container symmetrically. With this arrangement, containers weigh on the pipeline in such a way that they press it against the prepared base and thus prevent the pipeline from “floating up”, as well as its lateral displacements in the horizontal plane.

Filling containers with bulk material is mechanized.

For this, the opening of each container from a pair is connected to the end of the nozzle of the device for feeding soil and bulk material (soil, sand, etc.) is fed into the container. After filling the container, the flow of bulk material is stopped, the nozzle is disconnected and the opening of the container is closed to prevent the pouring of bulk material.

From the above description, the extremely important design of the device for ballasting the pipeline.

A device for ballasting a pipeline is known, including a pair of containers having side walls formed by a single flexible sheet material for both containers with an intermediate section between the containers (see patent for the invention No. 2303188, class F16L 1/06, priority 06.06.2005).

This technical solution was adopted as a prototype of the claimed utility model, since it is closest to it in terms of the totality of common essential features and the achieved technical result.

The disadvantages of the known device for ballasting the pipeline are as follows.

It has complex docking seams (inward bending, complicated assembly during sewing), which makes manufacturing more expensive and increases the sewing time. The number of connecting seams is relatively large, and, as you know, the more seams, the lower the reliability during operation and the greater complexity when sewing. It is impossible to use the most “strong” seams that allow the greatest tensile loads, since the design of the known device does not allow it to “crawl” to the place to create the seam and sew such a seam (an example of such a seam is shown in Fig. 18 of this application). There is a relatively high consumption of material for sewing devices for ballasting the pipeline.

The technical task of the claimed utility model is to simplify the design of the device, simplify its sewing through the use of simpler seams (not requiring bending inwards and having a simplified assembly of material for the seam before it is sewn), increasing the reliability of the device by reducing the number of seams, creating a design that allows the possibility of using, if necessary, “strong” joints that can withstand large tensile loads. In addition, the technical task is to save material on the manufacture of the device.

The stated technical problem is achieved in that the device for ballasting pipelines includes a pair of containers having side walls formed by a single flexible sheet material for both containers with an intermediate section between the containers, while, according to a utility model, the intermediate section contains at least three interconnected layers, one of which is a flexible sheet material, and the other is its end sections.

This set of common essential features is necessary and sufficient for any implementation of the utility model.

The technical result of the utility model consists in simplifying the design of the device, simplifying its sewing by using simpler seams (which do not require bending inward and having a simplified assembly of material for the seam before it is sewn), increasing the reliability of the device by reducing the number of seams, creating a design that allows the possibility of using "strong" joints that can withstand large tensile loads, as well as saving material on the manufacture of the device.

In addition, we consider it necessary to highlight the following development and / or refinement of the totality of common essential features of the utility model related to particular cases of implementation or use.

They are caused by the fact that, generally speaking, it is possible to construct many different designs of devices for ballasting pipelines using the claimed utility model, and in all cases the essence of the utility model will be preserved. The applicant himself has developed several of its modifications. Below, the applicant offers some of the most optimal modifications.

The end sections of the flexible sheet material can be located either on one side of it, or on its different sides. In the first case, the folding operation is maximally simplified: first, the edge of one end section is laid on the flexible sheet material, and the edge of the other end section is placed on it (see below for a complete description of the creation of the device). You do not need to turn over flexible sheet material. However, when applying the second end section, you cannot see exactly the line along which it is necessary to put its edge, which affects the accuracy of laying. In addition, it is necessary to double sweep the end sections to the flexible sheet material: the first time after the application of one end section, the second time after the application of another end section.

The second option, although it contains an additional operation to turn half of the flexible sheet material, however, allows you to put the edges of both end sections exactly along the laying lines. In addition, in this case, the basting operation is excluded: after applying both end sections, you can immediately proceed to stitch them with flexible sheet material in the center, followed by stitching with other necessary seams.

To increase the reliability of the device, it is desirable that the intermediate section be provided with an additional flexible liner connected to the remaining layers.

Each end wall and the side wall of the tank can be connected by a seam containing the combined end sections of the end wall and the side wall, jointly bent, pressed and stitched to the side wall.

A utility model is illustrated in the drawing.

Figure 1 shows a device for ballasting pipelines in disassembled form, a perspective view;

Figure 2 shows a flexible sheet material, a plan view;

Figure 3 shows the first variant of folding the flexible sheet material to form the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines, characterized by the location of the end section on one side of the flexible sheet material, namely, at the first stage of folding this option at the time of applying one of its flexible sheet material end section, axonometry;

Figure 4 - the same, the second stage of folding at the time of application to the flexible sheet material of its other end section, axonometry;

Figure 5 shows a flexible sheet material after folding, axonometry (so as not to clutter the figure, the assembly of layers of flexible sheet material and its end sections is conventionally shown not stitched);

Figure 6 is the same, top view;

Figure 7 shows the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines after stitching (joining) between themselves an assembly of flexible sheet material and its end sections, a perspective view;

On Fig shows an additional extension element A of Fig.7, depicting a variant of the seam that sews the assembly of flexible sheet material and its end sections, namely, a zigzag transverse seam, plan view;

In Fig.9 shows an additional extension element A of Fig.7, depicting a variant of the seam that sews the assembly of flexible sheet material and its end sections, namely, a zigzag longitudinal seam, plan view;

Figure 10 shows an additional extension element A of figure 7, depicting a variant of the seam that sews the assembly of flexible sheet material and its end sections, namely, a straight transverse seam, plan view;

In Fig.11 shows an additional extension element A of Fig.7, depicting a variant of the seam that sews the assembly of flexible sheet material and its end sections, namely, a straight longitudinal seam, a plan view;

In Fig.12 shows an additional extension element A of Fig.7, depicting a variant of the seam that sews the assembly of flexible sheet material and its end sections, namely, a wavy longitudinal seam, a plan view;

In Fig.13 shows an additional extension element A of Fig.7, depicting a variant of the seam that sews the assembly of flexible sheet material and its end sections, namely, a wavy transverse seam, a plan view;

On Fig shows a device for ballasting pipelines in disassembled form at the time of attachment to the stitched side walls of the end walls (covers and bottoms) of containers, axonometry;

On Fig - the same, after grinding the end walls (covers and bottoms) to the stitched side walls, a perspective view;

On Fig schematically shows at the initial stage the connection of the end wall to the side wall of the tank;

On Fig - the same, after the connection (seams are not shown);

On Fig shows an additional remote element B of Fig.17, depicting a design variant of the seam connecting the end wall to the side wall of the tank;

In Fig.19 shows an additional remote element B of Fig.17, depicting another embodiment of the seam design connecting the end wall to the side wall of the tank;

In Fig.20 shows an additional remote element B of Fig.17, depicting a third embodiment of the seam design of the connection of the end wall to the side wall of the tank;

On Fig shows an additional remote element B of Fig.17, depicting a fourth embodiment of the design of the seam connecting the end wall to the side wall of the tank;

On Fig - shows a second variant of folding a flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting piping, characterized by the location of the end section on different sides of the flexible sheet material, namely at the time of application to the flexible sheet material of the second end section on the other side of the flexible sheet material, axonometry;

In Fig.23 - the same, after the completion of the folding step, a perspective view (so as not to clutter the figure, the assembly of layers of flexible sheet material and its end sections is shown not stitched);

In Fig.24 is the same, a top view;

25 shows a first additional sub-variant of the first embodiment of folding the flexible sheet material to form the side walls of the capacities of the apparatus for ballasting pipelines, characterized by the location of the end sections on one side of the flexible sheet material, namely, at the folding stage, axonometry;

On Fig - the same, at the final stage;

On Fig-Fig shows the steps of folding the device described in Fig-26, views in plan;

On Fig shows a second additional variant of the first variant of folding the flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipes, characterized by the location of the end sections on one side of the flexible sheet material, namely, at the stage of folding, axonometry;

On Fig-Fig 35 shows the steps of adding the device described in Fig, views in plan;

On Fig-Fig.38 shows a third additional variant of the first variant of folding the flexible sheet material to form the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipes, characterized by the location of the end sections on one side of the flexible sheet material, namely, at the folding stage, axonometry;

On Fig shows a fourth additional sub-option of the first variant of folding the flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipes, characterized by the location of the end sections on one side of the flexible sheet material, top view;

On Fig shows a fifth additional sub-option of the first variant of folding the flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines, characterized by the location of the end sections on one side of the flexible sheet material, top view;

On Fig shows the first sub-variant of the second variant of folding the flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting piping, characterized by the location of the end sections on opposite sides of the flexible sheet material, axonometry;

In Fig.42-Fig.44 shows the steps of adding the device described in Fig.41, views in plan;

On Fig-Fig.47 depicts the steps of adding a second sub-option of the second variant of folding the flexible sheet material to form the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines, characterized by the location of the end sections on opposite sides of the flexible sheet material, plan view;

On Fig depicts a third sub-option of the second variant of folding the flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting piping, characterized by the location of the end sections on opposite sides of the flexible sheet material, plan view;

On Fig depicts a fourth sub-option of the second variant of folding the flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting piping, characterized by the location of the end sections on opposite sides of the flexible sheet material, plan view;

On Fig depicts a third variant of folding a flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines, characterized by the formation of additional folds, top view.

The device 1 for ballasting pipelines includes a pair of containers 2 having side walls 3 formed by a single flexible sheet material 4 for both containers with an intermediate section 5 between the containers 2. Each container 2 has end walls 6, one of which is provided with an opening 7.

The intermediate section 5 contains at least three interconnected layers 8, 9, and 10. One layer 8 is the central section 11 of the flexible sheet material 4, and the other layers 9 and 10 are its end sections.

Figure 2-figure 5 shows the first variant of folding the flexible sheet material to form the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting piping, characterized by the location of the end sections 9 and 10 on one side of the rest of the flexible sheet material 4.

Consider in more detail the manufacture of the claimed device 1 according to the first embodiment.

First, a flexible sheet material is rolled out, for example, a polyamide web or a needle-punched web (non-woven material). Then measure the length of the segment (the width is constant, for example, 1.5 m). For example, a measured rectangle is cut with a thermal knife and we obtain a flexible non-woven material 4 for the manufacture of a device 1 for ballasting pipelines (Fig. 2).

After that, find the middle 12 of the flexible sheet material 4. From it on both sides lay the same distances (from 10 cm to 50 cm, depending on the diameter of the pipeline) and draw lines 13 and 14. A central section 11 of the flexible sheet material is obtained. Take, for example, the left edge of the flexible sheet material 4 and apply its edge 15 to the line 14, offset from the center to the right, as shown in Fig.3.

The resulting layers 8 and 9 are swept away with a needle and thread, that is, bait with large long stitches, so as not to spill. This operation can be carried out using a special sewing machine.

Then take the right edge of the flexible sheet material 4 and lay on the already laid left edge, with the edges 16 of the right edge applied to the line 13, offset from the center to the left (line 13 is not visible in this case, since it is covered by a flexible sheet material).

The resulting layers 8, 9 and 10 are repeatedly swept away with a needle and thread, that is, they are baited with large long stitches so that they do not spill. This operation can be carried out using a special sewing machine.

After this, the whole assembly is sewn from layers 8, 9 and 10 on a sewing machine. Some possible types of seams are shown in Fig-Fig.13. They are well known and are given for information.

Then the cutter cuts out on the patterns two end walls 6 as the bottom 17 of each tank. Stitch these end walls 6 to the side walls 3 of each tank 2 in a circular fashion with or without a hem. As a result, each tank 2 will have a bottom 17. The sequence of these operations is shown in Fig.16 and Fig.17. Some options for the construction of joints are shown in Fig-Fig. These designs are well known and are given for information.

After that, they take pre-cut slings (cargo elements) and sew them on the outside to the side walls 3 of each tank 2 in front and behind each tank. In figure 1 they are shown in the form of four L-shaped elements on the right and left.

Cut out by the cutter on the patterns two other end walls 6 as a cover 18 of each tank. Then make a cut in it with the formation of holes 7. Stitched in advance sewn neck 19 into the cut of the cover 18 at the edges of the cut with or without bending. After filling each container with bulk material, its neck will be tied, for example, with twine. The neck may have various additional devices to increase the reliability of closing, for example, a valve.

After that, they grind the lid 18 from the other end of the side wall 3 of each tank 2, similarly to the grind of the bottom 17.

On Fig-Fig.24 shows a second variant of folding the flexible sheet material 4 to form the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines, characterized by the location of the end sections 9 and 10 on different sides from the rest of the flexible sheet material 4.

Let's consider this option in more detail.

First, as in the first embodiment, get a flexible sheet material 4 for the manufacture of a device 1 for ballasting pipelines (figure 2). Next, as in the first embodiment, find the middle 12 of the flexible sheet material 4. From it on both sides put the same distance (from 10 cm to 50 cm, depending on the diameter of the pipeline) and draw lines 13 and 14 (figure 3). A central portion 11 of flexible sheet material was obtained. Take, for example, the left edge of the flexible sheet material 4 and apply its edge 15 to the line 14, offset from the center to the right (figure 3).

Then the assembly begins according to the second embodiment, namely, they take the right edge of the flexible sheet material 4 and lay it not on the left edge already laid, but directly on the central section 11 on the other side of it, from which we put the edges 16 of the right edge to the line 13, offset from the center to the left.

The resulting layers 8, 9 and 10 are swept away with a needle and thread, that is, baited with large long stitches, so as not to spread, as was shown above when characterizing the first option. It is also possible to exclude the basting operation, and immediately stitch the layers. Further operations are similar to those that were previously described in the description of the first option.

To strengthen the intermediate section 5, when working on the gap between the layers, at least one additional flexible liner can be placed connected by seams to the remaining layers. It can also be a piece of flexible sheet material 4, for example, a polyamide web or needle-punched web (non-woven material).

Any suitable joint design may be used in the device. In particular, each end wall and the side wall of the tank can be connected by a seam containing the combined end portions of the end wall and the side wall, jointly bent, pressed and stitched to the side wall.

In addition to the two options described above for folding the flexible sheet material to form the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines, numerous folding options for each option are also possible.

Let's consider some of them.

25 shows a first additional sub-variant of the first embodiment of folding the flexible sheet material for forming the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines, characterized by the location of the end sections on one side of the flexible sheet material, namely, at the folding stage, axonometry.

Let's consider this option in more detail.

First, as in the first embodiment, get a flexible sheet material 4 for the manufacture of a device 1 for ballasting pipelines (figure 2). Next, as in the first embodiment, find the middle 12 of the flexible sheet material 4. From it on both sides put the same distance (from 10 cm to 50 cm, depending on the diameter of the pipeline) and draw lines 13 and 14 (figure 3). A central portion 11 of flexible sheet material was obtained. Take, for example, the left edge of the flexible sheet material 4 and apply its edge 15 to the line 14, offset from the center to the right (figure 3).

Then the assembly begins according to this variant of this option, namely, take the edge 15 and bend it in the opposite direction, as shown by arrow 20 with the formation of an additional bend 21 of the flexible sheet material 4. After that, take the edge 16 and bend it first in the direction of arrow 22, and then along arrow 23, leading into the formed cavity 24 an additional limb 25. As a result, we get a top view, shown in Fig.31.

The resulting layers and sublayers are swept away with a needle and thread, that is, baited with large long stitches, so as not to spread, as was shown above when characterizing the first option. It is also possible to exclude the basting operation, and immediately stitch the layers. Further operations are similar to those that were previously described in the description of the first option.

A characteristic feature of the just described sub-option is an exceptionally high tensile strength of the intermediate portion 5 of the flexible sheet material 4 after the manufacture of the device.

On Fig-Fig.40 shows four more sub-options of this option, differing from each other in various additional addition of the end sections 9 and 10 (see figure 5) with different formation of additional bends 21 and 25.

Folding and manufacturing techniques are similar to those described above and therefore are not disclosed.

On Fig shows the first additional sub-option of the second folding of the flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipes, characterized by the location of the end sections on opposite sides from the middle (central) part of the flexible sheet material, namely, at the folding stage, axonometry.

Let us consider in more detail this sub-option of the second variant (Fig. 42-Fig. 44).

First, as in the first embodiment, get a flexible sheet material 4 for the manufacture of a device 1 for ballasting pipelines (figure 2). Next, as in the first embodiment, find the middle 12 of the flexible sheet material 4. From it on both sides put the same distance (from 10 cm to 50 cm, depending on the diameter of the pipeline) and draw lines 13 and 14 (figure 3). A central portion 11 of flexible sheet material was obtained. Take, for example, the left edge of the flexible sheet material 4 and apply its edge 15 to the line 14, offset from the center to the right (figure 3).

Then begins the assembly according to this sub-option of this option, namely, take the edge 16 and bend to the other side of the flexible sheet material, as shown by arrow 26 in Fig. 42. After that, take the edge 16 and bend CE first arrow 27, and then take the edge 15 and bend CE arrow 28 (Fig. 43). As a result, we get additional bends 29 and 30 of the corresponding end sections 9 and 10. We get the top view shown in Fig. 44.

The resulting layers and sublayers are swept away with a needle and thread, that is, baited with large long stitches, so as not to spread, as was shown above when characterizing the first and second options. It is also possible to exclude the basting operation, and immediately stitch the layers. Further operations are similar to those that have been described previously.

A characteristic feature of the just described sub-option is to simplify the addition of the end sections to form an intermediate section 5 of the flexible sheet material 4.

On Fig-Fig.49 shows three more sub-options of the second option, differing from each other in the different addition of the end sections 9 and 10 (see Fig. 5) with different formation of additional limb 29 and 30.

Folding and manufacturing techniques for these sub-options are similar to those described above and therefore are not disclosed.

On Fig shows a separate third variant of folding the flexible sheet material 4 for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipes, characterized by the formation of additional folds 31 and 32 at the place where the intermediate section 5 of the flexible sheet material is formed. This technique of reinforcing the intermediate portion 5 eliminates the need for an additional flexible liner connected to the remaining layers. Instead, you can make an unlimited number of folds 31 and 32 by repeating them together or separately as many times as necessary to create a sufficient thickness of the intermediate section 5, providing the required margin of safety for tensile strength.

This option can be used both in the first variant of folding the flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines with any of its variants, and in the second variant of the folding of the flexible sheet material for the formation of the side walls of the capacities of the device for ballasting pipelines with any of its variants.

The utility model can significantly simplify the design of the device for ballasting pipelines, simplify its sewing through the use of simpler seams (which do not require bending inward and have a simplified assembly of material for the seam before it is sewn), to exceed the degree of fitting of the pipeline with containers (as the cut allows, since the bottom and the lid set the shape of each container), to increase the reliability of the device by reducing the number of seams. A design has been created that allows the possibility of using "strong" joints that withstand large tensile loads, and also allows you to save material on the manufacture of the device.

In addition to the given variants of the utility model, numerous other modifications are possible. All of them are covered by the given formula of the utility model.

Sources of information taken into account when preparing the application Patent of the Russian Federation invention №2303188, cl. F16L 1/06, priority 06.06.2005 (prototype).

Claims (6)

1. A device for ballasting pipelines, comprising a pair of containers having side walls formed by a single flexible sheet material for both containers with an intermediate section between the containers, characterized in that the intermediate section contains at least three interconnected layers, one of which It is a flexible sheet material, while others are its end sections. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end sections of the flexible sheet material are located on one side of it. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end sections of the flexible sheet material are located on its different sides. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end sections of the flexible sheet material are located on one side thereof, and the adjacent portion of the end portion directly superimposed on the flexible sheet material is bent outward, and the portion of the other end portion adjacent to the edge is folded under it. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate section is equipped with an additional flexible liner connected to the remaining layers. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each container has end walls, one of which is provided with an opening, and each end wall and side wall are connected by a seam containing the combined end portions of the end wall and side wall, together bent, pressed and stitched to the side wall.