RU2384496C1 - Device that prevents spillage of loose material from container hole - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: packing industry.

SUBSTANCE: facility for container hole closure comprises a part of container adjacent to hole and made of flexible material, as well as flexible sheet-like body. Sheet-like body is installed outside adjoining part in direction from hole and is fixed in it in areas along edges of flexible sheet-like body, apart from edge opposite to hole. Surface for prevention of loose material spillage represents a side of flexible sheet-like body inverted oppositely to container in position of loose material spillage prevention, covering container hole from outside and part of container adjoining to it and made of flexible material.

EFFECT: reliable prevention of spontaneous spillage of material from container hole.

10 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular, is intended for works involving the laying of containers filled with bulk material, for example, for ballasting during the construction or reconstruction of pipelines, to strengthen the soil of artificial and natural excavations, during hydraulic works, to strengthen embankments and slopes and other engineering structures.

Pipelines for the fluid (oil, gas, water, etc.) are often laid in trenches with a depth of 1.5-2 m. The pipeline consists of pipes welded at the ends, installed on racks in trenches. Trenches can be filled with water as a result of melting snow (i.e. flood waters), as well as as a result of the flow of groundwater from the upper layers (strata). This leads to the fact that the pipelines "stick out" or their ascent occurs. The resulting bending of the pipeline entails the deformation of the welds, leading to the destruction of the pipeline.

On the other hand, the fluid (gas, oil, water, etc.) supplied under pressure inside the pipeline can, with a sharp increase in pressure, change the geometry of the pipeline in the plan, that is, it will be transversely moved in the plan. The pipe bending that has arisen in plan also entails the deformation of the welds, which can lead to fracture of the pipeline in the weld and its destruction.

Therefore, the task is, firstly, to keep the pipeline at the design elevation vertically, and secondly, to keep it from lateral movements in the plan (i.e. from horizontal movements in the plan).

Both of these problems are solved by hanging on top of the pipeline pairs of containers filled with loose material (soil, sand, etc.), interconnected by a connecting sheet (“stitching”), laid on the pipeline. Pairs of containers with connecting panels press the pipeline pipes to the prepared base, for example, to a sand and gravel pillow, to racks, etc. For 1 km of the pipeline 40-50 pairs of containers (bags) are usually hung.

Each container, as well as the connecting panel, can be made of textile material.

The connecting strip of each pair of containers, as noted above, is placed on top of the pipeline, and the containers themselves are arranged so that on one side of the pipeline there is one container, and on the other, symmetrically, another container. With this arrangement, the containers, by their weight, act on the pipeline so that they press it to the prepared base and thus prevent the pipeline from “floating up”, as well as its lateral displacements in the horizontal plane.

Filling containers with bulk material is mechanized.

For this, the opening of each container from a pair is connected to the end of the nozzle of the device for feeding soil and bulk material (soil, sand, etc.) is fed into the container. After filling the container, the flow of bulk material is stopped, the nozzle is disconnected and the opening of the container is closed to prevent the pouring of bulk material.

A device is known for preventing the spillage of bulk material from a container opening, including means for closing the container opening (see utility model patent No. 75705, class F16L 1/06, priority date 25.01.2008).

This technical solution was made as a prototype of the claimed invention, since it is closest to it in the aggregate of common essential features and the achieved technical result.

A disadvantage of the known device is as follows.

The means for closing the opening of the container is a ribbon attached to the container. The opening of each container is closed by tying and tightening a part of the container near the opening with ribbons (ropes) and tying them with a knot. However, the ribbons (ropes) can be untied spontaneously or as a result of negligence. In addition, the ribbons may break due to wear. For these reasons, part of the bulk material may gradually spill out of the container. Even the additional storage of the connected ribbon part of the container inside it does not help from this.

The technical task of the claimed invention is the prevention of spontaneous rashes of bulk material.

The stated technical problem is achieved in that the device for preventing the spillage of bulk material from the opening of the container includes means for closing the opening of the container, and according to the invention, said means for closing the opening of the container comprises a container part adjacent to the opening and made of flexible material and a flexible sheet-like body located outside it in the direction from the hole, bonded with it in areas along the edges of the flexible sheet-like body, except for the edge, zhnoy hole and having a surface to prevent precipitation of particulate material, which is a container oppositely facing side of the flexible sheet-like body in position to prevent precipitation of particulate material covering the outside of the container opening and adjacent thereto made of a flexible material of the container.

This set of common essential features is necessary and sufficient for any implementation of the invention.

The technical result of the invention is to prevent spontaneous eruption of bulk material from the container during operation.

In addition, we consider it necessary to highlight the following development and / or refinement of the totality of the general essential features of the invention related to particular cases of implementation or use.

They are caused by the fact that, generally speaking, it is possible to construct many different designs of devices to prevent the spillage of bulk material from the opening of the container using the claimed invention, and in all cases the essence of the invention will be preserved. The applicant himself has developed several of its modifications. Below, the applicant offers some of the most optimal modifications.

To increase the reliability of closing the container opening from rash, it is desirable that the part of the container made of flexible material adjacent to the hole be narrowed and a pair of flexible elongated bodies, for example, ribbons, ropes, wires, etc., are attached to it under a flexible sheet-like body. .d., and in the position to prevent the spillage of bulk material, the narrowed part of the container and the flexible sheet-like body would be compressed by the flexible oblong bodies tied with a knot covering them and located in the cavity of the cont ynera.

Moreover, to facilitate and simplify the tying procedure, it is preferable that a pair of flexible elongated bodies, such as ribbons, be attached to a common place of the narrowed part of the container of flexible material.

To further increase the reliability of closing the container opening from rash, it is advisable that at the base of the narrowed part of the container a pair of additional oppositely arranged flexible elongated bodies, for example, ribbons, ropes, which are tied in a knot in the position to prevent the pouring of bulk material, be attached.

The material from which the container is made and the flexible sheet-like body can be different. In this case, the flexible sheet-like body can be a fabric, in particular, of a polymeric material, for example polyamide.

The flexible sheet-like body and the flexible material of the part of the container adjacent to the hole can be made of the same material, for example a polymeric material.

It should be noted that for the invention it is essential that the part of the container adjacent to the opening be made of flexible material, which in combination with a flexible sheet-like body ensures reliable closure of the opening of the container from rash.

As for the rest of the container, it can be made integrally with the part adjacent to the hole from the same material, for example fabric, in particular from a polymeric material, for example polyamide. An example of such a container is a bag made of polyamide fabric.

However, the rest of the container may be made of another material, for example, more rigid, in particular wood, plastic, galvanized iron sheet, etc.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a pair of containers interconnected by a connecting strip, a perspective view.

Figure 2 schematically shows a pipeline with horizontally placed containers mounted on it, cross section (to illustrate the importance of the invention, the openings of each container are shown conditionally open with the possibility of pouring loose material out of them, and, in addition, to this figure the upper edges of the trenches are not shown) .

Figure 3 shows the claimed device in the process of closing the opening of the container, namely at the initial moment when the hands are located between the flexible sheet-like body and part of the container made of flexible material (axonometry);

Figure 4 shows the claimed device in the process of closing the openings of the container, namely at the moment when the fingers of the hands are captured from above and from the sides close to the opening of the container part (axonometry).

In Fig. 5, the claimed device in the process of closing the container opening, namely at the moment when, without releasing fingers of the captured parts of the container on both sides of the opening, the flexible sheet-like body is turned out on the outside of the hands so that it faces the opposite side of the container outside the opening of the container and the adjacent part of the container made of flexible material (axonometry).

Figure 6 shows the device in the process of closing the opening of the container, namely at the moment when they finish twisting the flexible sheet-like body that closes the opening of the container (axonometry).

Figure 7 shows the device in the process of closing the openings of the container, namely at the moment when the upper part of the container is straightened (axonometry),

On Fig shows the device in the process of closing the opening of the container, namely at the moment when the container wall is assembled at the neck and tied with flexible elongated bodies (ribbons), (axonometry).

Fig. 9 - the same, after the tying of flexible elongated bodies (ribbons), (axonometry);

Figure 10 shows the device in the process of closing the opening of the container, namely at the moment when the knotted hole, together with the adjacent part of the container, is immersed ("packed") into the cavity of the container, (axonometry).

Figure 11 shows the device in the process of tying a pair of additional oppositely arranged flexible elongated bodies, (axonometry).

12 shows a container with a closed opening.

The device for preventing the spillage of bulk material from the opening of the container is intended primarily for ballasting pipelines and is illustrated by this example. However, it can be used to prevent the spillage of bulk material from a separate container wherever there is a danger of spontaneous opening of its opening and spillage of the bulk material filling its cavity.

Figure 1 schematically shows a pair of fabric containers 1 filled with bulk material, such as soil or sand. The containers 1 are interconnected by a connecting strip 2, also made of fabric. Each container has an opening 3 for filling its cavity with bulk material. In addition, on each container there are cargo loops 4 for moving them by crane.

When installed on pipeline 5, an assembly of a pair of containers 1 is positioned so that the connecting strip 2 lies on top of the pipeline 5, and the containers 1 are located so that there is one container on one side of the pipeline and the other container symmetrically (Fig. .2). With this arrangement, the containers, by their weight, act on the pipeline 5 so that they are pressed against the uprights 6 and thus prevent the ascent of the pipeline 5 into the trench 7, as well as its lateral displacements in the horizontal plane.

However, as noted earlier, for several reasons, the openings 3 of the containers may open during operation or repair (figure 2). Since the longitudinal axes of the containers are located almost horizontally, after opening, the possibility arises of spontaneous precipitation of bulk material from them.

To prevent this, each container 1 is equipped with a device 8 for preventing the spillage of bulk material from the opening of the container for ballasting the pipeline, including means 9 for closing the opening of the container, which includes the container portion 10 adjacent to the opening and made of flexible material and a flexible sheet-like body 11 located outside her in the direction from the hole 3 (figure 3).

The container part 10 and the flexible sheet-like body 11 adjacent to the hole and made of flexible material are fastened together in regions 12 along the edges of the flexible sheet-like body 11, except for the edge 13 opposite the hole 3. As a result, between the container part 10 made of flexible material and the flexible a sheet-like body 11 forms a cavity (pocket) open from the side opposite to the hole 3. The opposite side of the container side 14 of the flexible sheet-like body 11 is a surface to prevent ysypaniya bulk material. In the position to prevent the bulk material from spilling out of the container 1, the side 14 of the flexible sheet-like body 11 extends externally around the opening 3 of the container and partially part 10 of the container 1 made of flexible material (see the process of closing the opening of the container).

In this case, the container portion 10 adjacent to the hole and made of flexible material may have a different shape. As shown in FIG. 3, it is narrowed and a pair of flexible elongated bodies 15, for example, a pair of ribbons, are attached to it under a flexible sheet-like body 11. In the position of preventing the pouring out of bulk material, the narrowed part 10 of the container adjacent to the hole and made of flexible material (hereinafter referred to as the narrowed part 10 of the container) and the flexible sheet-like body 11 are compressed by a knot surrounding said flexible elongated bodies 15 and are located in the cavity of the container 1 (see . below the process of closing the container opening). In this case, a pair of flexible elongated bodies 15 is attached to a common place 16 adjacent to the hole and made of flexible material of the narrowed part 10 of the container 1.

At the base 17 of this narrowed part 10 of the container 1, a pair of additional oppositely arranged flexible elongated bodies 18 are attached, for example, ribbons, which are also tied in a knot in the position to prevent the loose material from spilling out (see the process of closing the container opening).

As noted previously, the flexible sheet-like body 11 may be a fabric, for example, of a polymeric material, in particular polyamide.

The flexible sheet-like body 11 and the flexible material adjacent to the opening of the narrowed part 10 of the container can be made of the same material.

For the claimed invention, it is important that the narrowed portion 10 of the container 1 adjacent to the opening be made of flexible material, which, in combination with the flexible sheet-like body 11, ensures reliable closure of the opening 3 of the container 1 from a rash.

As for the rest of the container 19 not adjacent to the opening 3, it can be made integrally with the narrowed part 10 of the container adjacent to the opening, and from the same material, for example fabric, in particular from a polymeric material, for example polyamide.

An example of such a container is a bag made of polyamide fabric with a narrowed part at the hole (narrowed “neck”) or without a narrowed part.

Mentioned the rest of the container 19 not adjacent to the opening 3 may be made of another material, for example, more rigid, in particular wood, plastic, etc.

Consider the process of closing the holes 3 of the container 1.

After filling the container with bulk material, it is first necessary to insert both hands inward under the flexible sheet-like body 11, with your fingers towards the edge of the hole 3, as shown in FIG. 3.

After that, it is necessary to grab the fingers of the hands from above and partially from the sides close to the opening 3 of the container 1 on both sides of the opening 3, in particular the edges 20 and 21 of the container), followed by compressing them with both hands into fists (figure 4).

Figure 5 shows the claimed device in the process of closing the opening 3 of the container 1, namely at the moment when, without releasing the captured parts of the container on both sides of the opening 3 with the fingers of the hands, the flexible sheet-like body 11 is turned out on the outside of the hands so that it faces opposite the container side 14 would cover the outside of the opening 3 of the container and partly adjacent to it is made of flexible material part of the container.

Figures 6 and 7 show this phase at the final stage, when after turning out the flexible sheet-like body, it is straightened on the other side of the container opening.

After that, the container part 10 adjacent to the hole and made of flexible material and the flexible sheet-like body 11 are assembled and tied with flexible elongated bodies 15 (ribbons) (Fig. 8).

Flexible elongated bodies 15 (ribbons) are tightened and tied with a knot 22 (Fig.9).

Then immersed ("pack") the knotted hole together with the adjacent part of the container inside the cavity of the container 1 (Fig.10). For this, the container part 10 and the flexible sheet-like body 11, which are pulled together by flexible elongated bodies 15 (ribbons) adjacent to the hole and made of flexible material, are gradually pushed into the cavity between the inner side of the container wall 23 and bulk material (soil, sand, etc.) in the cavity of the container 1 (not shown in FIG. 10).

After that, a pair of additional oppositely arranged flexible elongated bodies 18 is tied (Fig. 11).

A container with a fully closed hole with a knot 24 tied in a pair of additional oppositely arranged flexible elongated bodies 18 is shown in Fig. 12.

It should be noted that in the illustrated example, the portion 10 of the container 1 adjacent to the hole and made of flexible material is made narrower. However, it is obvious that in the general case it may not be narrowed. This will not affect the operation of the means for closing the container opening.

EFFECT: invention allows preventing spontaneous eruption of bulk material from a container during operation or repair.

It can be effectively used both for ballasting pipelines, and in other areas of industry and the national economy, where reliable closure of container openings is required, in particular, for work involving the laying of containers filled with bulk material, for example, to strengthen the soil of artificial and natural excavations , during hydraulic works, strengthening embankments and slopes and other engineering structures.

In addition to the above variants of the invention, numerous other modifications are possible. All of them are covered by the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. Device for preventing the spillage of bulk material from the opening of the container, comprising means for closing the opening of the container, characterized in that the means for closing the opening of the container includes a portion of the container adjacent to the opening and made of flexible material and a flexible sheet-like body located outside of it in the direction from holes fastened with it in areas along the edges of the flexible sheet-like body, except for the edge opposite the hole, and having a surface to prevent rash bulk material, which is the opposite side of the container to the side of the flexible sheet-like body in the anti-spill position of the bulk material, covering the container opening from the outside and adjacent to it a portion of the container made of flexible material. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the container portion adjacent to the hole and made of flexible material is made narrower and a pair of flexible elongated bodies is attached to it under a flexible sheet-like body, and in the position of preventing loose material from spilling out, the narrowed part of the container and the flexible sheet-like the body is compressed by covering them with flexible elongated bodies tied in a knot, and located in the cavity of the container. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that each flexible elongated body is a ribbon. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that a pair of flexible elongated bodies is attached to a common place of the narrowed part of the container of flexible material. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that at the base of the narrowed part of the container is attached a pair of additional oppositely arranged flexible elongated bodies, which are tied in a knot in the position to prevent the spillage of bulk material. 6. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that each additional flexible elongated body is a ribbon. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible sheet-like body is a fabric. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the fabric is a polymeric material. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that polyamide is used as the polymeric material. 10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible sheet-like body and the flexible material of the container part adjacent to the hole are made of the same material.

Images