RU88909U1 - BAR SPRAYER FOR INTRODUCING HERBICIDES IN THE SOIL - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The boom sprayer for applying herbicides to the soil contains a container for a solution of herbicides, a pump, a fluid flow regulator, a filter, communications, a control panel, as well as a distribution rod with rotating sprayers, characterized in that the following are mounted on the frame mounted on the tractor: windproof device with a distribution bar and batteries of rotary knife harrows. ! 2. A boom sprayer for applying herbicides to the soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the windproof device is made of a lightweight tubular frame with a transparent reinforced polyethylene film of increased strength stretched over it, the lower cuts of which from the front side and sides do not reach the soil surface on 30-40 mm, and from the back they reach the surface of the soil. ! 3. A sprayer for applying herbicides to the soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the batteries of the rotary knife harrows are installed behind the distribution rod with the possibility of regulating their position, the axial lines of which can be changed relative to the direction of movement of the unit by an angle α = (60-75) °.

Description

The proposed device (utility model) relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to a device for continuous presowing application of herbicides in the soil.

Agrotechnical requirements for presowing the introduction of herbicides into the soil provides for their uniform distribution over the field area with subsequent embedding to the required depth.

Close devices are the design of boom sprayers presented in the patents:

Boom sprayer according to application 99126029/13, IPC A01M 7/00, type of document A, publication date of application 2001.11.10, country of publication RU. The design of this boom sprayer contains a container for the working fluid, a pump, communications for supplying fluid from the pump to the distribution rod, and other devices necessary for continuous surface spraying of the field. The disadvantage of this design must be attributed to the fact that it does not have devices to reduce losses from evaporation of chemicals and their incorporation into the soil.

Boom sprayer according to application 2002106078/20, IPC A01M 7/00, type of document U1, publication date of application 2002.08.10, country of publication RU. This design of the sprayer boom contains distribution rods, a tank for the working fluid, a pump, a filter and other equipment necessary for continuous spraying of the field surface, however this design does not have devices that would reduce the irretrievable loss of herbicides and which could cover them in the soil.

The closest technical solution to the proposed device (prototype) is the design of the spray boom according to the patent “Boom sprayer with rotary sprayers”, application 200104332/13, IPC A01M 7/00, filing date 2000.02.21, published 2003.11.27, type of document C 2, publication number 2216935, country of publication RU. The design of this patent contains a sawing rod with rotating nozzles, a frame, a tank for working fluid, a multi-section pump, suction, discharge and drain communications, a calculation and control unit, sensors and other equipment. This design has a number of positive qualities in particular: it provides a fine spray of chemicals, which is very important for better penetration of the working fluid into the soil and has wide functional capabilities. The disadvantages of this design include the fact that it does not contain devices that would reduce the loss of highly volatile herbicides and which would ensure their incorporation into the soil. These shortcomings lead to a decrease in their efficiency during continuous pre-sowing cultivation of the soil, worsening working conditions for staff, to air pollution and overuse of chemicals.

The technical problem is that the device for applying herbicides during continuous pre-sowing tillage, the applied herbicides are evenly distributed over the field area and planted into the soil, which would lead to a more effective weed control, better development of cultivated plants and increase their productivity, as much as possible, eliminating the loss of herbicides from evaporation and saving chemicals.

The solution of the technical problem is carried out by the proposed device, which consists in the fact that the boom sprayer contains a container for the working fluid, a pump, a fluid flow regulator, a filter, a control panel and other equipment necessary for the functioning of the proposed device, as well as a distribution rod with rotating sprayers and a frame, mounted on a tractor, according to the invention, are mounted on a frame: a wind-shelter device, a distribution bar with sprayers, and also rotary knife-shaped batteries harrows installed behind the distribution rod with the possibility of changing the position of their axial lines relative to the direction of movement of the unit by an angle α = (65-70) °, and the windproof device is made of a lightweight tubular frame with a transparent reinforced high-strength polyethylene film stretched over it, the lower edges of which the front side and sides do not reach the soil surface by (30-40) mm, and from the back side it is made reaching the soil surface.

This design of the boom sprayer forms a mobile chamber, which minimizes the volatility of the herbicides, provides continuous uniform distribution over the field area with incorporation into the soil with knife working bodies, which is very important for pre-sowing preparation of the soil, eliminating their losses as much as possible, regardless of wind force, which contributes to their more complete and economical use, the creation of more comfortable working conditions for staff and the improvement of the environmental situation.

A windproof device made of a transparent polyethylene film so that during operation it is possible to monitor the functioning of the entire system inside the chamber, the front and side walls not reaching the soil surface by (30-40) mm so that they can freely pass through irregularities the soil.

The back wall is made so that the film goes over the soil surface, preventing the release of herbicides into the atmosphere, and the herbicides that have fallen on the soil surface are covered with a thin layer of soil using a film moving along the surface of the film until it is sealed to the required depth with knife working bodies following them. Rotary knife working bodies collected in batteries carry out loosening of the soil and incorporation of herbicides into it, which leads not only to a more complete destruction of weeds, but also to a significant reduction in the loss of herbicides by evaporation. The design of the blade batteries allows you to change the position of their axial lines relative to the direction of movement of the unit by an angle α = (60-75) °.

Studies have shown that with a decrease in the angle a, the depth of soil cultivation, and, consequently, the incorporation of herbicides into the soil increases, so when the angle α changes from 75 ° to 60 °, the treatment depth h changes from 9 to 12 cm. Thus, a change in the angle a the depth of incorporation of herbicides into the soil is regulated.

The proposed design completely solves the technical problem, providing the most complete and economical use of herbicides, and stipulating more comfortable conditions for staff, increasing the yield of cultivated plants and improving the ecological situation.

The novelty and originality of the proposed design lies in the fact that the boom sprayer contains a frame mounted on a tractor with a wind-shelter, a distribution bar with sprayers and batteries of rotary knife harrows installed behind the distribution bar, the position of the axial lines of which can be changed relative to the movement unit at an angle α = (60-75) °, and the windproof device is made of a light tubular frame, with a transparent, reinforced polyethylene plastic a henka, the lower cuts of which from the front side and sides do not reach the soil surface by (30-40) mm, and from the back side it is made reaching the soil surface.

This design of the boom sprayer provides the most rational and economical use of herbicides according to the requirements of agricultural technology when they are applied continuously during pre-sowing tillage.

In Fig.1 shows a boom sprayer for applying herbicides to the soil - top view; figure 2 - boom sprayer for applying herbicides to the soil - left view; in Fig. 3 the tubular frame of the wind protection device is a front view, in Fig. 4 is the tubular frame of the wind protection device is a side view, in Fig. 5 the tubular frame of the wind protection device is a top view.

The boom sprayer for applying herbicides to the soil contains a container for a solution of herbicides, a pump, a filter, communications, a control panel (not shown in Fig.), As well as a distribution rod 1 with rotary sprayers 2, characterized in that on a frame 3 mounted on a tractor (Fig. not shown) fixed: windproof device 4, distribution rod 1 with spray guns 2 and hoses 5, as well as rotary batteries 6 of the knife harrows 7 installed behind the distribution rod 1 with the possibility of changing the position of their axial lines about relative to the direction of movement of the unit at an angle α = (60-75) °, and the windproof device 4 is made of a lightweight tubular frame 8 mounted on a frame 3 with a transparent reinforced high-strength plastic film 9 stretched over it, the lower edges of which are on the front side 10 and on the sides 11 they do not reach the soil surface by (30-40) mm, and the rear wall 12 with its edge 13 reaches the soil surface.

The boom sprayer operates as follows. When the unit moves along the field, the lowered frame 3 together with the distribution rod 1 and the windproof device 4 moves over the soil, and the knife working bodies 7, batteries 6 enter the soil. At this time, the fluid supply system delivers the herbicide through the hoses 5 to the distribution rod 1 and is sprayed over the soil surface with the help of sprayers 2. Windproof device 4 does not allow herbicides to escape into the atmosphere, even in windy weather, contributing to their uniform distribution over the field surface. Following the battery 6, the working bodies 7 close up the herbicides into the soil. The depth of travel of the working bodies 7 is regulated using the tractor hydraulic system and the change in angle α.

Thus, the proposed design completely solves the assigned technological problem, ensuring a uniform distribution of herbicides over the field area with their incorporation into the soil according to the requirements of agricultural technology during continuous pre-sowing cultivation of the soil, which leads to a decrease in field weediness, increased yield of cultivated plants, economy of chemical preparations, and improved environmental conditions and working conditions of the serving person

Claims (3)

1. The boom sprayer for applying herbicides to the soil contains a container for a solution of herbicides, a pump, a fluid flow regulator, a filter, communications, a control panel, as well as a distribution rod with rotating sprayers, characterized in that the following are mounted on the frame mounted on the tractor: windproof device with a distribution bar and batteries of rotary knife harrows. 2. A boom sprayer for applying herbicides to the soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the windproof device is made of a lightweight tubular frame with a transparent reinforced polyethylene film of increased strength stretched over it, the lower cuts of which from the front side and sides do not reach the soil surface on 30-40 mm, and from the back they reach the surface of the soil. 3. A sprayer for applying herbicides to the soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the batteries of the rotary knife harrows are installed behind the distribution rod with the possibility of regulating their position, the axial lines of which can be changed relative to the direction of movement of the unit by an angle α = (60-75) °.