RU85563U1 - GRAVITATIONAL HYDRAULIC VACUUM ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Gravity hydraulic vacuum engine, including two sealed containers, partially filled with liquid, with valves in the upper part for air inlet and outlet, a means of creating a vacuum, characterized in that the tanks are made vertically oriented, communicating and connected to a means of creating a vacuum with the possibility of alternating them connection, and in each tank placed with the possibility of vertical rectilinear reciprocating movement of the cargo-float connected through a rod equipped with compensation a spring, with a device for the PTO. ! 2. The gravity hydro-vacuum engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner side surfaces of the tanks are made with vertically oriented guides, and the side surfaces of the cargo float are equipped with rollers located opposite the guides. ! 3. The gravity hydro-vacuum engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral surfaces of the cargo float are made with vertically oriented guides, opposite which rollers are installed on the inner side surfaces of the containers.

Description

The invention relates to power engineering and may find application for the environmentally friendly production of mechanical energy and its conversion into other types of energy, for example, electrical, thermal, etc.

Known gravitational vacuum-hydraulic engine (RF patent No. 2080485, IPC6 F03G 7/00, publ. 05.27.1997), including floats with a variable volume, consisting of a housing and a cargo piston protruding from it, and fixed with a uniform pitch at infinite tape stretched to the upper and lower wheels. Wheels with an endless belt and floats are placed in a chamber filled with a working fluid and connected to a vacuum device.

The disadvantages of the engine include its structural complexity and bulkiness, as well as insufficient power.

Known gas-liquid machine (RF application No. 95102885 A1, IPC6 F03B 1/04, publ. 05/20/1997), which can be used as an engine or pump. In a variant of the engine, it includes two containers, each of which is partially filled with liquid. The gas pressure on the liquid surface in the first tank is higher than the gas pressure on the liquid surface in the second tank. A hydraulic motor is connected to the first tank, to that part of it which is filled with liquid, the output of which is connected to the entrance to the second tank. Additionally, there is a chamber, which using valves can periodically communicate with both the first and second containers. An output channel is connected to the second tank, to that part of it that is filled with gas, through which gas from the second tank is removed to the atmosphere. An inlet channel is connected to the first container, to that part of it which is filled with gas, which is periodically disconnected from it by means of a valve. From the input channel to the first tank receives gas from an external source. The liquid during operation of the installation from the first tank through the hydraulic motor enters the second tank, from which it again enters the first tank through the chamber.

The disadvantage of the above engine is its limited power, since the displaced fluid does not have a large kinetic energy in it, in addition, the engine occupies a large volume.

The invention solves the problem of increasing engine power due to the accumulation of potential energy by the working fluid and converting it into kinetic energy during the stroke.

To solve the problem in a known engine, including two sealed containers, partially filled with liquid, with valves in the upper part for air inlet and outlet, a means of creating a vacuum, it is proposed that the containers be vertically oriented, communicating and connected to a means of creating a vacuum with the possibility of alternating connection and place in each tank, with the possibility of vertical rectilinear reciprocating movement of the cargo-float, which is connected through the rod with the device d I PTO and shaft to provide a compensation spring.

The inner side surfaces of the containers can be made with vertically oriented guides, and the side surfaces of the cargo-float are equipped with rollers located opposite the guide.

The lateral surfaces of the cargo-float can be made with vertically oriented guides, opposite which rollers are mounted on the inner side surfaces of the containers.

The proposed gravitational hydraulic motor is two sealed vertically oriented containers communicating in the lower part through the channel. At the top, each tank has valves; one to communicate with the atmosphere, the other with a means of creating a vacuum. The containers are partially filled with liquid, and a load-float is placed in each container with the possibility of vertical rectilinear reciprocating motion. To provide better conditions for creating such a movement, it is possible to perform the inner side surfaces of the tank with guides along which the cargo float will be equipped, for example, equipped with rollers. You can also make guides on the side surfaces of the cargo-float, and the rollers to fix on the inner side surfaces of the tank.

The cargo float through the rod and connecting rod is connected with the Converter reciprocating motion into rotational, for example, a crankshaft. The stem is equipped with a compensation spring at bottom dead center.

The valves located in the upper part of each tank and providing alternating intake of atmospheric air into the tank and evacuation of the tank are automatically controlled using known methods.

To ensure the buoyancy of the cargo, the float must be made of a material whose density is ρ _m ≤0.8ρ _w , where ρ _w is the density of the liquid. Then, when the upper part of one of the containers is evacuated, the liquid begins to rise together with the float load to the calculated height, which ensures, for the selected mass of the load, the accumulation of the necessary potential energy, which turns into kinetic energy during the return stroke of the float load, does the work. Under the influence of dynamic load, the compensation spring on the rod, located at the level of bottom dead center, is compressed, there is a partial conversion of the kinetic energy of the load into the potential compression energy of the spring. When the cargo reaches the bottom dead center, the valve automatically opens, communicating the tank with a means of creating a vacuum, and closes the valve that communicates the tank with the atmosphere. The spring, as well as the Archimedean force, help the load change its direction of movement.

The diagram shows the proposed gravitational hydraulic vacuum engine in the context. The following notation is used in the diagram:

1 - vacuum accumulator;

2 - the first capacity;

3- second capacity;

4, 5 - cargo floats;

6 - valve connecting the first tank with a means of creating a vacuum:

7 - valve connecting the first tank with the atmosphere;

8 - valve connecting the second tank with a means of creating a vacuum;

9 - valve connecting the second tank with the atmosphere;

10, 11, 12, 13 - guides on the inner surfaces of the containers; 14, 15 - compensation springs; 16, 17 - stocks; 18, 19 - connecting rods;

20 - a cranked shaft;

21 - rollers;

22 - liquid.

The operation of the gravitational hydraulic motor is as follows.

The means of creating a vacuum 1 creates a vacuum of the order of 0.8 atmospheres. In the container 2, the valve 6 opens, connecting the container 2 with the means of creating a vacuum, and in the tank 3 at this moment opens the valve 9, connecting the container 3 with the atmosphere. In the upper part of the chamber 2 creates a working zone of reduced pressure. As a result, the liquid begins to flow from the chamber 3 into the chamber 2, trying to fill the rarefied volume under the influence of atmospheric pressure in the chamber 3, displacing the water column. Together with the liquid rises to the top dead center and the weight of the float 4, acquiring potential energy. After that, the valve 6, the communicating tank 2 with the means of creating a vacuum is closed and opens the valve 7, which communicates the tank with the atmosphere. In the container 3, at this moment, the valve 9, which communicates the container with the atmosphere, closes and the valve 8, which communicates the container with the means for creating a vacuum, opens. A sharp pressure drop in the upper parts of the tanks will lead to the reverse movement of the water column and cargo floats. Moreover, the weight of the float, raised to a height corresponding to the top dead center, when moving downward under the action of gravitational forces, pushes the rod 17, thus doing the job of converting the accumulated potential energy into kinetic. During the stroke, the spring 15 is compressed on the rod 17, the kinetic energy of the dynamic loads is converted to the potential compression energy of the spring. When the bottom dead center is reached, the spring and the Archimedean force help the weight of the float to change the direction of motion and the cycle repeats.

The design dimensions of the engine are 3 × 4 × 7 m under the following conditions

- water is selected as a liquid:

- the mass of the cargo-float is 5000 kg;

- its volume is 6 m ³ ;

- the working stroke is 2 m in 1 second.

The engine power will be approximately 120 kW.

To increase the efficiency of using this technical solution, it is proposed to connect several engines on the principle of an internal combustion engine.

Claims (3)

1. Gravity hydraulic vacuum engine, including two sealed containers, partially filled with liquid, with valves in the upper part for air inlet and outlet, a means of creating a vacuum, characterized in that the tanks are made vertically oriented, communicating and connected to a means of creating a vacuum with the possibility of alternating them connection, and in each tank placed with the possibility of vertical rectilinear reciprocating movement of the cargo-float connected through a rod equipped with compensation a spring, with a device for the PTO. 2. The gravity hydro-vacuum engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner side surfaces of the tanks are made with vertically oriented guides, and the side surfaces of the cargo float are equipped with rollers located opposite the guides. 3. The gravity hydro-vacuum engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral surfaces of the cargo float are made with vertically oriented guides, opposite which rollers are installed on the inner side surfaces of the containers.