RU80779U1 - FADEEV JET SEPARATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

Object: Fadeev inkjet separator. Scope: the improvement relates to devices for the separation of solid materials using gas or air flows when the mixture of particles falls. It is intended for separation of calibrated seed material by density in order to isolate leader seeds. It can be used for cleaning and sorting seeds at breeding stations, seed plants, farms. The bottom line: the jet separator is equipped with an air flow regulator through the lower part of the flow area of the device for forming an air stream. The air flow regulator through the lower part of the passage section of the device for forming an air jet stream is made in the form of a perforated valve. The perforated valve has the ability to partially overlap the passage section of the lower part of the device for forming an air stream. Adjusting the jet air flow through the lower part of the aerodynamic space allows you to adjust the trajectory of the flight of particles in the aerodynamic space and the point of landing of the particles in the fraction collectors in the desired direction. Effect: improved the quality of separation into fractions of a mixture of granular particles (mixture of seeds, grain). Fig. one.

Description

The improvement relates to methods and devices for the separation of solid materials using gas or air flows when a mixture of particles. It is intended for separation of calibrated seed material by density in order to isolate leader seeds. It can be used for cleaning and sorting seeds at breeding stations, seed plants, farms.

A device is known for separating a granular mixture in a fluid containing a container with an aerodynamic space inside its cavity, an air blower, a device for forming an air jet stream in an aerodynamic space, a device for supplying initial bulk particles into an air stream, fractions collectors located below the aerodynamic space (see description of declaration patent No. 622866 for the invention of Ukraine, class B07B 4/02, publ. 15.12.2003. Bull. No. 12, 2003).

A disadvantage of the known device is that when the device is operating, the quality of separation of fractions of the seed mixture leaves much to be desired, since in the aerodynamic space of the known device, it is rather difficult to adjust the quality of separation of fractions due to the created unstable fluid having macrovortices between the jets.

The purpose of this improvement is to improve the quality of fractionation of a mixture of granular particles (mixture of seeds, grain).

This goal is achieved in that the Fadeev jet separator containing a container with an aerodynamic space inside its cavity, an air blower, the air outlet of which is connected to

according to the improvement, characterized by the fact that it is equipped with an air flow regulator through the lower part of the passage section of the device for forming an air jet stream, the air inlet of the device for forming an air stream in the aerodynamic space, the device for supplying the initial bulk particles to the air stream, the fraction collectors located below the aerodynamic space .

The regulator of air flow through the lower part of the flow section of the device for forming an air stream allows you to change the speed of the air stream in the lower part of the aerodynamic space relative to the air stream coming from the top of the device for forming an air stream, for example, a Honeycomb, which allows you to adjust the path of the particles in aerodynamic space and landing points of particles in fraction collectors in the necessary direction, which improves There is a quality of separation into fractions of a mixture of loose particles (mixture of seeds, grain).

The regulator of air flow through the lower part of the passage section of the device for forming an air jet stream is made in the form of a perforated valve having the ability to partially overlap the passage section of the lower part of the device for forming an air jet stream, which makes it possible to reduce the speed of the jets at the outlet from the lower part of the passage section of the device for forming an air stream (honeikomba) and adjust the trajectories of the particles in the aerodynamic space and the point of touchdown in fraction collectors in the necessary direction, which improves the quality of separation into fractions of a mixture of loose particles (mixture of seeds, grain).

Effect: improved the quality of separation into fractions of a mixture of granular particles (mixture of seeds, grain).

Other goals, features, advantages and possibilities of using the device are visible from the description below.

examples of performance based on the drawings. Moreover, all described and / or graphically presented features in themselves or any reasonable combination are subject to improvement, regardless of general requirements or feedback.

Figure 1. Fadeev inkjet separator. Device diagram.

The list of symbols in the drawings.

1 - capacity;

2 - aerodynamic space;

3 - air blower;

4 - a device for forming an air jet stream in aerodynamic space 2;

5 - a device for supplying initial bulk particles into an air stream;

6 - collection of fractions;

7 - bypass channel;

8 - entrance to the device 5 for supplying the original bulk particles;

9 - lock gate device 5;

10 - lock gate of the collection of 6 fractions;

11 - rotary damper;

12 - filter;

13 - dusty air inlet of the filter 12;

14 - air outlet of the filter 12;

15 - dust filter output 12.

16 - air flow regulator;

17 - the lower part of the passage section of the device 4.

The device contains a sealed container 1 with an aerodynamic space 2 inside its cavity, an air blower 3, the air outlet of which is connected to the air inlet of the device 4 for forming an air jet stream in the aerodynamic space 2, a device 5 for supplying the initial loose particles into the air stream, collectors 6 fractions located bottom of aerodynamic space 2;

to eliminate dust exit from the aerodynamic space 2 and environmental pollution, the air outlet from the aerodynamic space 2 is in communication with the air inlet of the air blower 3, and the air outlet of the air blower 3 is in communication through at least one bypass channel 7 with the air inlet of the device 4 for forming an air stream in the aerodynamic space 2; to seal the container 1, the entrance 8 to the device 5 for supplying the initial bulk particles is equipped with a lock gate 9, each of the outputs of the collections of 6 fractions is equipped with a lock gate 10.

Gate locks 9, 10 are designed to seal the tank 1. Sealing the tank 1 is necessary to eliminate dust from the device during its operation, as well as to stabilize the jet separation inside the aerodynamic space 2.

The lock gates 9, 10 of the device 5 and collectors of 6 fractions can be equipped with an electric drive with a gear motor designed to remotely control the opening or closing of the gates 9, 10 using a remote control.

The collections 6 are in communication with the aerodynamic space 2 of the cavity of the tank 1.

The feed device for the bulk solids contains a hopper with a vibratory tray in its lower part. To seal the container 1, the lower part of the hopper with a vibratory tray is placed inside the container 1. The feed device for the supply of loose bulk particles is communicated with the aerodynamic space of the container 1 through the hopper with a vibratory tray. The vibratory tray is designed for uniform feeding of loose particles of a mixture of seeds from the hopper into the aerodynamic space.

Centrifugal type electric blower with electric drive and frequency control unit for air flow from the supercharger.

Between the collectors of 6 fractions, rotary shutters 11 are installed. Rotary shutters 11 are made in the form of rotary plates with a shaft extending outward from the container 1. The shutters 11 are provided with a locking device with visualization of the angle of rotation of the shafts together with the shutters 11.

The dampers 11 are equipped with removable handles for controlling the angle of rotation of the dampers 11.

The damper 11 can be made breathable, for example, made of perforated sheet.

The device 4 for forming an air stream in the aerodynamic space is made in the form of a honeikomb. The Honeikomb is designed to equalize and reduce the scale of turbulence created by it of many jets of air flow for aerodynamic space. The cross-section of a honeikomb for air consists of many channels that are formed between the corrugations of corrugated plates or strips, which are laid in a package of the required cross-section.

An inertial type filter 12 is installed at the exit of the aerodynamic space, where the dusty air inlet 13 of the filter is in communication with the aerodynamic space 2, the air outlet 14 of the filter 12 is communicated with the inlet of the air blower 3, and the dusty output 15 of the filter 12 is communicated with the last in the row of collectors 6 fractions.

The jet separator is equipped with a regulator 16 of the air flow through the lower part of the passage section of the device 4 for forming an air jet stream.

The controller 16 of the air flow through the lower part 17 of the passage section of the device 4 for forming an air stream is made in the form of a perforated valve having the ability to partially overlap the passage section of the lower part 17 of the device 4 for forming an air stream.

The perforated valve is made in the form of two perforated sheets having the ability to move one relative to the other when externally exposed to one of them. With the displacement of the perforated sheets, it is possible to partially overlap the passage section for the passage of air through the holes of the perforations of one of them with jumpers between the perforations of the other sheet.

The device operates as follows.

The device operates in a closed aerodynamic cycle. First, the electric drive of the air blower 3 is turned on. At the same time, all lock gates 9, 10 are closed and the device 5 for supplying the initial loose particles (mixture of seeds, grains) is stopped, i.e. loose particles do not enter the jet stream of the aerodynamic space 2 of the container 1. Air from the outlet of the aerodynamic space 2 is sucked from the tank 1 by the air blower 3 and again fed by the air blower 3 through the bypass channel 7 to the tank 1, but already at the entrance to the device 4 for forming the air stream for example, honeikomb. The jet stream exits from the device 4 from the plurality of jets and enters the aerodynamic space 2.

The Honeikomb is designed to equalize and reduce the turbulence scale of the multiple airflow jets created by it for aerodynamic space 2. Using the Honeycomb, it is possible to create a jet stream uniform in volume velocity field, consisting of many jets with specified small-scale turbulence parameters and the necessary intensity, depending on the size of the incoming fractions of loose particles of a mixture of seeds or grain.

To ensure continuous operation of the device and improve the quality of the separation of particles, air is passed from the aerodynamic space 2 to the dusty air inlet 13 of the filter 12 and again fed to the inlet of the air blower 3 through the air outlet 14 of the filter 12.

After starting the air circulation circuit, start the device 5 for supplying the initial loose particles (mixture of seeds, grain), it is assumed that the hopper of the device 5 is filled with a reserve of loose particles, and its inlet 8 is hermetically closed by a lock gate 9. The loose particles uniformly enter the jet stream , are carried away by it and, depending on the mass and shape of the particles, acquire different flight paths in aerodynamic space 2. Depending on

the lengths of the flight path of the particle land in various collections of 6 fractions. In this case, the heavier fractions of particles fall into the first collectors 6 about the beginning of the series, and the lighter ones respectively land in the subsequent collectors 6. Dust and husks, as lighter, fall into the filter 12, there they are delayed and gravitationally fall from the dust outlet 15 filter 12 in the last collection in a row 6.

Using the shutters 11, they orient the place where the particles land, depending on the length of their flight path, observing the composition of the fractions. In this case, experimentally select the angle of inclination of the valves 11 from the vertical, depending on the type of bulk particles and the length of their flight path. After adjusting the device to a certain type of loose particles, the shutter 11 is fixed in a certain position. To eliminate twists during rotation and during operation of the shutters 11, shutters 11 it is desirable to use perforated, i.e. breathable. Perforated valves do not create reverse large-scale vortex zones capable of distorting the flight paths of particles, but passing air through the perforations, they capture and direct the corresponding particles into the corresponding collection of 6 fractions, which positively affects the quality of the jet separator.

The regulator 16 of the air flow through the lower part 17 of the passage section of the device 4 for forming an air jet stream allows you to change the speed of the air jet stream in the lower part of the aerodynamic space 2 relative to the air stream coming from the upper part of the device 4 for forming an air stream, for example, a Honeycomb, which allows to correct the flight paths of particles in aerodynamic space 2 and the point of landing of particles in fraction collectors 6 in the necessary direction, h It improves the quality of fractionating a mixture of loose particles (mixture of seeds, grains).

When the regulator 16 of the air flow through the lower part 17 of the passage section of the device 4 for forming an air jet stream is made in the form of a perforated valve having

the ability to partially overlap the passage section of the lower part 17 of the device 4 for forming an air stream, it is possible to change the speed of the jets at the outlet of the lower part 17 of the passage section of the device 4 for forming an air stream (honeikomb) and correct the flight paths of particles in the aerodynamic space 2 and adjust the touchdown points particles in the collectors of fractions 6 in the necessary direction, which improves the quality of the separation into fractions of a mixture of loose particles (mixture of seeds, grain).

Claims (2)

1. A jet separator containing a container with an aerodynamic space inside its cavity, an air blower, the air outlet of which is connected to the air inlet of the device for forming an air jet stream in the aerodynamic space, a device for supplying the original bulk particles into the air stream, fraction collectors located below the aerodynamic space, characterized in that it is equipped with an air flow regulator through the lower part of the passage section of the device for forming an air jet outflow. 2. The inkjet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the air flow regulator through the lower part of the flow area of the air jet stream forming device is made in the form of a perforated valve having the ability to partially overlap the flow area of the lower part of the air stream formation device.