RU7793U1 - MANUAL CULTIVATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Hand cultivator, consisting of a body with an extended handle, a drum, recruited from at least three discs with fingers protruding around the circumference of the circumference and mechanical weed dropping with a remote drive, characterized in that the discs are cylindrical in shape and form a drum with protruding cylindrical surface with staggered fingers. 2. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the fingers have a crescent profile and are oriented with a sharp end to the soil surface at touch points above a right angle. 1 and 2, characterized in that the fingers in cross section are T-shaped. Cultivator 1 to 3, characterized in that the disks on the end surfaces have slots that fix their position relative to each other. 5. Cultivator 2 to 4, characterized in that the weed ejector has a remote drive mounted on the handle.

Description

Hand cultivator.

The utility model relates to an agricultural tool that serves for tillage in the rows of garden crops - loosening and removing weeds.

Known manual cultivators of the PK-I type of the Lebedyansky plant of construction and finishing materials and other cultivators of the type RK-66, KKG.92-1, KUR / cm. Means of small-scale mechanization, equipment and inventory for personal subsidiary plots. Exhibits of the exhibition. Ministry of Tractor and Agricultural Engineering. TSNIITEI. M., 198b / .. There is a more complex design - a manual tillage implement / cm. Yu.G. Smirnov. Small mechanization on the plot. M., Kolos. 1985. p.77 /. But with all the complexity and the presence of several working bodies, the desired result has not been achieved. The working body of existing manual cultivators of the PK-I type are flat discs with radially directed fingers. To improve the capture of weeds on imported cultivators, part of the fingers are bent sideways. The bent fingers of such a cultivator enter the soil, pushing it into the soil, as a result of which weeds are driven deeper into the soil, keeping them able to grow. Straight flat fingers cut the roots of the weeds without throwing them out of the soil. The depth of entry of the disks into the soil is not limited by anything; the disks roll along a circle formed by the ends of the fingers. Such: the kinematics of the movement of the fingers and their shape do not provide high-quality loosening of the soil and removal of weeds. In the process, roots and stems are wound around the discs; removing them mechanically using a comb is not possible. To clean the discs, it is necessary to raise the cultivator and remove the weeds with a special tool.

The noted disadvantages can be eliminated by changing the kinematics of the movement of the fingers and their shape. The finger must enter the soil, piercing it without breaking

structures and, working as a lever, tear out weed roots on

exit from the soil. Such a trajectory of movement can be given to a finger protruding from a cylindrical surface if this cylindrical surface is rolled over the surface of the soil without slipping. Then the peripheral speed of the finger will be greater than the peripheral speed of any point located on the surface of the cylinder, since the radius of rotation of the finger relative to the axis of rotation is greater. In order for the finger to enter the soil, puncturing it, its configuration must correspond to the trajectory of the point located on the surface of the cylinder during translational-rotational movement forward.

With this form of fingers and translational-rotational movement forward, everything fibrous will be wound onto the cylinder, which will get in its way, and with translational-rotational movement back it is easy to clean it with a comb.

To implement this technical solution, it is proposed to use as a working body of a manual cultivator a drum typed from at least three cylindrical disks with fingers protruding around the circumference of the disk. An assembly of at least three disks forms a cylindrical surface with staggered fingers. So that the fingers of one disk do not coincide with the fingers of the other in the plane passing through the axis of rotation, they are deployed when assembling relative to each other at the angle SU. To fix this position on the end surfaces, they have slots. The angle оС depends on the number of fingers on the cylindrical surface of the disk.

The fingers have a crescent profile and are oriented with a sharp end to the soil surface at the touch points at a right angle. translational-rotational motion and taking into account horizontal

component of the force that is applied to the cultivator to roll it forward.

A finger of a sickle-shaped profile with a T-shaped cross-section with the forward-rotational movement of the drum forward enters the soil, piercing it along its entire length, like a lever, well captures the roots of weeds with a fibrous structure and provides reliable damage to the roots of another structure. When the cultivator moves back, the drum rotates in the opposite direction, the crescent profile and the T-shaped cross section of the fingers do not allow them to go deep into the soil - the cylindrical surface of the drum breaks away from the soil surface, the sickle-shaped profile of the fingers allows you to clean the drum of weeds with a comb during reverse movement.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by figures 1,2,3. Figure I gives a general view of the hand cultivator, the positions indicate: I - body, 2 - elongated handle, 3 - drum, 4 - crescent-shaped fingers, 5 - comb of a mechanical weed ejector, 6 - spring, 7 - clamp, 8 - lever, 9 - rod.

The manual cultivator consists of a housing I with an extended handle 2, in the front part of the housing I, a drum 3 is mounted on the axis, assembled from at least three cylindrical disks with fingers of a crescent profile 4. The drum is dialed so that the fingers on its surface are staggered, for of this drive are deployed on an axis relative to each other at an angle of the OS

To fix the position of the disks on their end surfaces, special slots are arranged.

On the case I in special grooves, with the ability to move forward and backward, a mechanical weed ejector 5 is installed, made in the form of a comb with teeth, its position is fixed3.

spring with 6. The remote drive of the mechanical weed ejector consists of a clamp 7, which serves to mount the lever on the elongated handle 2 and rod 9.

Figure 2 shows a cylindrical disk with a finger-shaped profile in the frontal projection, the horizontal line P-P conventionally shows the surface of the soil. The position of the disk corresponds to the moment one of the fingers touches the surface of the soil, the next is in the soil at a depth of length, the third is at the exit of the soil. A finger penetrates the soil, piercing it with a sharp end when rolling the drum. The depth of capture of the soil is equal to the radial length of the finger. The kinematics of the movement of the finger and its shape provide a good grip of soil and weed roots.

Figure 3 shows the profile projection of the disk. The disk has a small cylindrical surface and fingers protruding from it. An assembly consisting of at least three disks forms a drum with a cylindrical surface and protruding fingers arranged in a checkerboard pattern. The width of the drum may vary due to changes in the number of discs. The diameter of the drum, the number of fingers and their length should correspond to the structure of the soil.

The disk can be made of any material - metal, plastic, which ensures reliable operation, mechanical strength, manufacturability and economic feasibility of use.

Work with a manual cultivator is as follows: The cultivator is taken by the handle 2, the cultivator drum is installed between the rows of plants and rolled forward / away from you /. When the cultivator moves forward, the fingers located on the drum enter the entire length of the soil, piercing it with sharp ends. The drum 3 with a cylindrical surface rolls on the surface of the soil, rotating about its axis. Since the radius of rotation of the fingers

relative to the same axis, there is more cylinder radius; they have a greater peripheral speed than the cylindrical surface of the drum; unfolding in the soil, fingers rake it with the roots of weeds, and when leaving the soil they throw them to the surface or wound on a drum. To clean the drum 3 from weeds, press the lever 8 of the remote drive of the mechanical weed ejector, pressing the comb forward against the stop in the cylindrical surface of the drum 3 / tangentially /. When the cultivator moves backward / towards itself /, the drum 3 rotates in the opposite direction, the crescent-shaped profile of the fingers and the T-shaped cross section do not allow them to go deep into the soil. The cylindrical surface of the drum breaks away from the soil surface - the drum rises and rolls around the circle formed by the ends of the fingers. In this case, the sickle-shaped profile of the fingers does not prevent the cleaning of the drum from weeds, at the same time lumps are loosened and the soil surface is leveled. By turning the cultivator sideways, the weeds are discarded from the comb and continue to work. No additional operations and tool for cleaning the drum is required. The extended handle allows you to work without bending. The quality of loosening the soil and removing weeds is much better than that of existing cultivators with flat discs and radially directed fingers. The use of such a cultivator increases the yield of any crops, reduces labor costs for their cultivation, and, most importantly, facilitates the labor of growing garden crops, making it accessible to people of any age.

Authors; ,,. / Kolevatov V.M.

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 t Kolevatov A.V.

Claims (4)

1. Hand cultivator, consisting of a body with an extended handle, a drum, recruited from at least three discs with fingers protruding around the circumference of the circumference and mechanical weed dropping with a remote drive, characterized in that the discs are cylindrical in shape and form a drum with protruding cylindrical surface with staggered fingers.  2. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the fingers have a crescent profile and are oriented with a sharp end to the soil surface at touch points above a right angle.  3 Cultivator in paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the fingers in cross section are T-shaped.  4. The cultivator according to paragraphs. 1 to 3, characterized in that the disks on the end surfaces have slots that fix their position relative to each other. 5. The cultivator according to paragraphs. 2 to 4, characterized in that the weed ejector has a remote drive mounted on the handle.