RU77580U1 - DEVICE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST BOXING AND USE OF WHEELS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for detecting and preventing boxing and wheel sets of rail vehicles of direct and alternating current and improves the reliability of the device by detecting boxing at an early stage, which eliminates the failure of traction equipment, reduces the wear of bandages of wheel pairs and rails avoid additional energy losses associated with boxing. Essence: The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for protection against boxing and skidding of wheel pairs, containing interconnected power supply unit 1 (PSU) and primary sensor unit 2, further comprises a series of incoming signals 3 (BVS), a unit with microcontroller 4 (BMK) and logic output block 5 (BWLS), while input signal block 3 (BVS) matches the voltage of the input signals from the control circuits with the supply voltage of the microcontroller, microcontroller block 4 (BMK) processes the signal s coming from the control circuits of the electric locomotive and from the primary voltage sensors 2 in order to determine boxing or use, generate control signals for sand supply or reset positions, and also carries out diagnostics and software downloads, in accordance with the electric locomotive’s movement mode, then the logic signals output unit Coordinates the voltage of the control signals of the microcontroller with the voltage of the control circuit of the electric locomotive through transistor amplifiers with intermediate relays, which, when closed, forms The necessary circuit to turn on the sand valve, discharge traction or drive current

Description

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport, and in particular to devices for detecting and preventing boxing and wheel sets of rail vehicles of direct and alternating current.

A device for detecting the use of wheel sets is known, which contains blocks for extracting the maximum and minimum signals, current sensors of the anchors of traction electric motors, an adder, an executive unit. Additionally, the device includes a summing inertial link, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the blocks for extracting the maximum and minimum signals, and its input is connected to the third input of the adder, and the input of the adder is connected to the input of the executive unit (RU 2072669 C1, 01/27/1997)

The specified device only detects boxing and use, but does not prevent them, which reduces the reliability of the known device.

A device for protection against boxing, containing a serially connected power source, anchor windings of the first and second traction DC motors, excitation windings of the first and second traction DC motors, ground, series-connected first and second resistors, current sensor, resistor, pulse-width a modulator, a key element, while the free output of the anchor winding of the first traction DC motor is connected to the free output of the first resistor and a common terminal of the power source and the first terminal of the third resistor, the second terminal of the third resistor is connected to the first terminal of the key element, the other terminal of which is connected to a common connection point of the anchor winding of the second traction DC motor, the field winding of the first traction DC motor and

the free output of the second resistor, the first output of the current sensor is connected to a common connection point of the armature windings of the first and second DC traction motors, its second output is connected to a common connection point of the first and second resistors, and the output of the current sensor is connected to the first input of a pulse-width modulator, the output of which is connected to the input of the key element (RU 45115 U1, 04/27/2005).

The known device eliminates boxing and the use of one wheel pair, but when synchronized boxing of two wheelsets, the device does not detect boxing or use, which reduces the reliability of using the known device. The known device does not have the function of automatically adjusting to the characteristics of the wheel-motor blocks of electric locomotives.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a device for protection against boxing and skidding of wheelsets of electric rolling stock (RU 2025310 C1, 12.30.1994). The known device contains speed sensors of wheel sets, the outputs of which are connected to blocks for extracting maximum and minimum signals, comparison elements, a sandbox control unit that protects the wheelsets from blocking and skidding, current sensors of traction motors, blocks for highlighting the average value of the current signal, highlighting the maximum and the minimum value of the current and the differentiation unit, the output of which is connected to the comparison unit. At the output of the comparison unit, when the device determines the boxing or skid, sand is switched on. The device also has blocks that determine the synchronous boxing of wheelsets, which include two blocks for extracting the minimum and maximum speed signal, a differentiation unit, a threshold element, and a control unit for setting the traction force and the work of sandboxes. Thus, the device prevents boxing and skidding by sanding and automatic reduction of traction,

the depth of regulation of which is proportional to the intensity of boxing or skidding.

A disadvantage of the known system is the complexity of its design, the lack of automatic tuning to the difference in the diameters of the tires of the wheelsets, and therefore has a limited sensitivity in determining the difference between the maximum and minimum signals of the frequency of rotation of the wheelsets.

The technical task of the proposed utility model is the creation of a microprocessor device for protection against boxing and skid with automatic adjustment to the characteristics of wheel-motor blocks of electric locomotives.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the reliability of the device by detecting skidding at the earliest stage, which eliminates the failure of traction equipment, reduces the wear of bandages of wheelsets and rails, and avoids additional energy losses associated with skidding.

The device is developed for electric locomotives ChS7.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for protection against boxing and skid wheel sets, containing a connected power supply unit 1 (PSU) and a block of primary sensors 2, additionally contains a series of interconnected input signal unit 3 (BVS), a unit with a microcontroller 4 (BMK) and logic output block 5 (BWL), while the input signal block 3 (BVS) matches the voltage of the input signals from the control circuits with the supply voltage of the microcontroller, the microcontroller block 4 (BMK) processes the signals from the control circuits of the electric locomotive and from the primary voltage sensors 2 in order to determine boxing or use, generate control signals for sand supply or reset positions, and also carries out diagnostics and software loading, in accordance with the mode of movement of the electric locomotive, then the output unit

logic signals matches the voltage of the control signals of the microcontroller with the voltage of the control circuit of the electric locomotive through transistor amplifiers with intermediate relays, when closed, the necessary circuit is formed to turn on the sand valve, reset the traction or excitation current of the traction electric motors of the electric locomotive.

The device determines the boxing or skid wheel pairs by changing the voltage at the anchors of the traction electric motors and generates impact signals when the boxing or skid appears.

Device Features:

- the device is made as a separate unit, it can be used on electric locomotives of direct and alternating current with commutator motors;

- the device is a microprocessor-based protection against boxing and use;

- the device has automatic adjustment to the individual characteristics of the wheel-motor blocks of the electric locomotive, which allows it to be adapted to electric locomotives with different parameters of the wheel-motor blocks without changing the comparison threshold (setting value) of the voltage at the anchors of the traction electric motors;

- the device contains input amplifiers with automatic change of gain depending on the level of the input signal, which allows with equal accuracy to measure the input signals in the entire range.

The advantage of the device over other similar devices is:

- in the possibility of interfacing with various primary sensors of information; with voltage sensors (direct current electric locomotives), current sensors (alternating current electric locomotives), analog and impulse wheel speed sensors.

- the device has a function of automatic adjustment to the characteristics of wheel-motor blocks of electric locomotives. The purpose of automatic tuning is to reduce the difference between the input values from the primary sensors and lower the threshold for comparing stresses.

- the device does not require a power outage in emergency conditions when the traction motors are turned off and remains operational.

- controls the partitioning modes of the load braking resistors (three modes) in the electrodynamic braking mode of the ChS7 electric locomotive.

In FIG. presents a structural diagram of a device for protection against boxing and skid wheel sets.

The device is a housing that contains blocks divided by the following functional purposes: power supply unit 1 (PSU) of primary sensors and device blocks with stabilized voltage;

primary sensors of voltage 2, current or speed sensors of wheel pairs of an electric locomotive;

signal input unit 3 (BVS), designed to coordinate the voltage of the input signals from the control circuits with the supply voltage of the microcontroller unit 4 (BMK);

a block with a microcontroller (microprocessor) 4, designed to process signals from the control circuits of an electric locomotive and from primary voltage sensors, determine boxing or skid, generate control signals for sand supply or reset positions, as well as for diagnostics and software downloads;

logic signal output unit 5 (BWLS), is designed to coordinate the voltage of the control signals of the BMK microcontroller unit with the voltage of the control circuit of an electric locomotive.

The device operates as follows. Signals on the position are received in the block of input signals from the control system

a reverser (in Fig. indicated as "reverse"), the zero position of the driver's controller (in Fig. indicated as "0_KM"), the presence of a signal for manual feed of sand (in Fig. indicated as "sand manual."), and a signal for collection electrodynamic braking circuit (in Fig. indicated as "brake."). A voltage of +50 V is supplied through the power supply unit 1 to the input signal unit 3 and to the primary sensors 2. The coordinated signals from the output of the unit 3 are fed to the output unit of the logical signals 4. In parallel to the unit 4, the U signals from the primary sensors 2 are received. The method multiplies the signals from the primary sensors by the corresponding coefficients K, which are located in the program memory and are output to the multiplication unit in accordance with the mode of movement of the electric locomotive. The coefficients K are determined by the device in steady-state conditions in the absence of boxing or use. The logical signals generated by block 4 are sent to block 5, which inside is a transistor amplifier with intermediate relays. When the intermediate relays of the device are closed, the necessary circuit is formed to turn on the sand valve, discharge the traction or the excitation current of the traction electric motors of the electric locomotive. Further, according to the received products U _i * K _i , the maximum max and minimum min signal are selected using a software method, the difference between which and their derivatives is determined by boxing or use. In this case, the following logical signals are generated, indicated in FIG. verbally:

- “Excitation Reset” - a command to turn on the intermediate relay of the device in the electrodynamic brake mode;

- “Sand, traction dump” - a command to turn on the intermediate relay of the device for feeding sand under the wheelsets and reset the intermediate controller of the ChS7 electric locomotive in traction mode;

- “pulsed sand supply” - a command to periodically turn on the intermediate relay of the device for supplying sand to the section where blocking or skid wheel sets occurred.

- “EDT mode 3”, “EDT mode 1” “ban EDT” - commands to turn on the intermediate relays of the device to change the electric braking mode of the electric locomotive.

The proposed device for detecting and stopping boxing allows you to detect boxing at the earliest stage of the process of boxing of rail vehicles and immediately stop it, which allows to eliminate the output of traction equipment, reduce wear of bandages of wheel sets and rails, to avoid additional energy losses associated with boxing. The proposed device is universal and can be used for all types of vehicles regardless of the type of transmission to the wheelsets: locomotives, railcars, electric vehicles, track machines used in railway transport, as well as trams and is reliable.

Claims (1)

A device for protection against boxing and skidding of wheelsets, comprising a power supply unit and a primary sensor unit, characterized in that it further comprises a block of incoming signals, a block with a microcontroller and a block for outputting logical signals, connected in series with each other, and a block of input signals coordinates the voltage of the input signals from the control circuits with the supply voltage of the microcontroller, the microcontroller unit processes the signals received from the control circuits of the electric locomotive and from the primary dates voltage signals in order to determine blocking or use, generate control signals for sand supply or reset positions, and also diagnose and download software in accordance with the mode of movement of the electric locomotive, then the output block of logical signals matches the voltage of the control signals of the microcontroller with the voltage of the electric locomotive control circuit via transistor amplifiers with intermediate relays, when closed, the necessary circuit is formed to turn on the sand valve, discharge traction or current ozbuzhdeniya electric traction motors.