RU76828U1 - CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR FOR SEPARATION OF BULK MATERIAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at increasing the stability of the separation process and ensuring the regulation of separation modes, and also allows you to adjust the initial particle velocity and adjust the trajectory of the descent of particles on the sieve. The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed centrifugal separator for separating granular material, including a housing with nozzles for supplying a shared granular material and removing fractions of granular material, a support shaft with a vertical axis of rotation, a disk spreader placed inside the housing of the sieve drum, consisting of a number of sections formed by cylindrical sieves, the sieve drum is connected by means of spokes to the support shaft, disk and brush cleaners located outside the drum, drive drum rotation located in the housing under the drum. A disk spreader is pivotally mounted on the upper part of the support shaft, which is connected by a gear transmission with an adjustable electric motor, blades are fixed on the disk of the disk spreader, at an acute angle with the generatrix of the disk.

Description

The utility model relates to the food industry and is intended for the separation of bulk material into separate fractions that differ in particle size.

A device for separating granular material with a cylindrical sieve for cleaning grain from impurities. It contains a horizontally located drum in which pests are located (Sokolov A.Ya. Technological equipment for grain storage and processing enterprises. Kolos, 1984, p.445, p. 45). The drum and pests rotate around the same axis, but at different speeds. In the upper part of the machine, a cylindrical brush for cleaning the screen cylinder is located on the horizontal axis. A chute with one or two screws is placed under the drum, which remove the product obtained by passing through sieves. The crude mixture enters through the intake opening into the screen cylinder. When it rotates, the product rises to a certain height, and then, under the action of gravity, falls on the rapidly rotating drum whips. Pests are located at an angle to the axis of the drum, discard the product to the sieve, through which it is sifted. The product in the screen cylinder moves in the longitudinal direction. Large particles of the product come off the sieve cylinder.

The disadvantage of this device is low productivity and efficiency in the absence of centrifugal forces, insufficient use of the sieve surface (all material is located in the lower part of the sieve drum).

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype,

is a centrifugal separator (Demsky AB, Boriskin MA et al. Directory. Equipment for the production of flour and cereals, Agropromizdat, 1990, pp. 49-52, p. 47) for the separation of bulk material, including a housing with nozzles for supplying a shared bulk material and removal of fractions of a granular material, a support shaft with a vertical axis of rotation, a disk spreader placed inside the housing of the sieve drum, consisting of a number of sections formed by cylindrical sieves. The sieve drum is connected via knitting needles to a support shaft. Outside the drum, disc and brush cleaners are placed. In the housing under the drum there is a drum rotation drive and a drive with a crank mechanism to create vibrations along its axis.

The device has a high separation efficiency due to the action of significant centrifugal forces. However, during operation, regulation of separation modes is not provided, caused, for example, by a change in the moisture content of the material, its fractional composition, etc. The universality of this separator is insufficient if it is necessary to switch to another type of separated mixture, since the initial particle velocity is constant and equal to the speed of rotation of the drum . Difficult regulation of the load sieve drum. Also, when changing the type of the separated mixture, it is likely that good particles will get into the waste due to bouncing due to the unfavorable trajectory of the particle falling onto the sieve.

Thus, the disadvantages of the known device do not provide the required stability of the separation process, do not allow a wide range of separation modes, do not allow to improve the quality of sifting of bulk material.

The technical result of the utility model is to control the initial particle velocity, adjust the trajectory of the particles to descend onto the sieve, increase the stability of the separation process and ensure the regulation of separation modes.

This is achieved by the fact that the proposed centrifugal separator for separating granular material, including a housing with nozzles for supplying a shared granular material and removing fractions of granular material, a support shaft with a vertical axis of rotation, a disk spreader placed inside the housing of the sieve drum, consisting of a number of sections formed with cylindrical sieves, the sieve drum is connected by means of spokes to the support shaft, disk and brush cleaners located outside the drum, a drum rotation drive, located in the case under the drum. A disk spreader is pivotally mounted on the upper part of the support shaft, which is connected by a gear transmission with an adjustable electric motor, blades are fixed on the disk of the disk spreader, at an acute angle with the generatrix of the disk.

The regulation of the initial particle velocity is achieved by the fact that the disc spreader fixed by hinges is driven into rotation through a gear transmission by an adjustable electric motor. Correction of the trajectory of particle descent to the sieve is achieved by installing the blades on the disk of the spreader at an acute angle to the generatrix, which specify the optimal angle and speed of particle descent to the sieve. This eliminates the possibility of the particle bouncing off the sieve and falling into the waste. Changing the rotation speed of the disk spreader also controls the loading of the drum, which increases the stability of the separation process.

Thus, the set of essential features set forth in the formula of the utility model allows to achieve the desired technical result.

The utility model is illustrated in the drawing, in which figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a centrifugal separator; figure 2 is a section along aa.

The centrifugal separator for separating bulk material includes a housing 1, a sieve drum 2 mounted therein, consisting of a number

sections 3, disk 4 and brush 5 cleaners of its outer surface located in the housing outside the drum, disk spreader 6 hinged on the upper part of the support shaft, connected through a gear 7 with an adjustable electric motor 8. Blades 9 are fixed on the spreader disk, making an acute angle with disk forming. On the side of the drum there are pipes 10 for removal of fractions. The sieve drum 2 is connected by means of spokes 11 to the support shaft 12. The support shaft 12 is connected via a belt drive 13 to the drive of the separator 14.

A centrifugal separator for separating bulk material is as follows. The source material after preliminary air separation through the nozzle enters the disk spreader 6 and is evenly, under the action of centrifugal forces, distributed on the surface of the sieve drum 2. Separation into fractions is carried out by forced sliding on the sieve surface. Bulk material sequentially passes through the sieve surfaces of all sections 3, in each of which one of the fractions is separated. In this case, the sieve of the first section has the smallest openings, and at the exit, that is, in the lower section, the sieve has the largest openings.

To regulate the initial particle velocity, the disk spreader 6 receives rotation by means of a gear 7 from an adjustable electric motor 8. The blades 9 located on the disk spreader 6 direct the separated particles so that the particle hits the sieve tangentially, which prevents the particle from bouncing from the sieve. The sieve drum is driven by a belt drive 13 from the electric motor 14. During the rotation of the drum, the sieve holes are continuously cleaned using disk 4 and brush 5 cleaners.

Claims (1)

A centrifugal separator for separating bulk material, including a housing with nozzles for supplying a shared bulk material and removing fractions of bulk material, a support shaft with a vertical axis of rotation, a spreader placed inside the housing of the sieve drum, consisting of a number of sections formed by cylindrical sieves, the sieve drum is connected by means of spokes with a support shaft, disk and brush cleaners located outside the drum, a drum rotation drive located in the housing under the drum, distinguishing Take advantage of the fact that a disk spreader is pivotally mounted on the upper part of the support shaft, which is connected by a gear to an adjustable electric motor, and blades are fixed on the disk of the disk spreader at an acute angle from the disk generatrix.