RU74385U1 - CONSTRUCTION PRODUCT FROM POROUSED PLASTIC CONCRETE - Google Patents

Abstract

A construction product made of porous gypsum concrete can find application in the construction of walls in the construction of residential buildings, for interroom and interior partitions. The material of the building product is the product of the hardening of the mixture, including building gypsum (29.4 ... 29.6%), hydrofluoride (14.7 ... 18.5%), carbonate flour (11.5 ... 24.5 %), industrial starch (2 ... 2.9%) and water (29.4 ... 34.4%). The pores in the building product are formed due to the release of carbon dioxide during the chemical interaction of the components of the mixture during the hardening of gypsum concrete. A porous gypsum concrete building product has high strength and thermal insulation properties. 1 n.a.s. f-ly.

Description

The utility model relates to gypsum building products with heat-insulating properties that can be used in the construction of low-rise buildings, namely in the manufacture of interroom and interior partitions.

Known sheet construction product based on calcium sulfate according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 43496. This product is made of a material that is a product of hardening a raw material mixture containing a binder based on calcium sulfate, a setting accelerator (a mixture of spent electrolytes of acid and alkaline batteries), a plasticizer (sulfanol) and a porous aggregate (ground ash and slag of TPPs). This product is used for facing walls, ceilings of residential premises and has increased mechanical strength, but low heat and sound insulation properties.

Known utility model "Porous building product" (RF patent for utility model No. 59658). The material of the porous building product is the hardening product of modified technogenic anhydrite (sulfuric anhydrite), setting accelerator and plasticizer. The composition of the building product also includes crushed or granular polystyrene foam. Due to the introduction of expanded polystyrene, the heat and sound insulation properties of the product are increased. However, the homogeneity of such a material is reduced, which leads to a decrease in the strength and heterogeneity of thermal resistance.

Known gypsum porous building products made of a material based on a gypsum binder (journal "Building Materials", No. 4, 2006; pp. 84-85, "The effect of gypsum binder on the strength of threshold gypsum concrete in the system of wollastonite - phosphoric acid - gypsum") .

The porosity of the building product is formed due to a chemical reaction with the introduction of additional components (phosphoric acid, wollastonite), in the process of hardening the mixture. As a plasticizer, the material of the building product contains technical starch. This is a well-known building product closest to the claimed and taken as a prototype. The gypsum porous building product according to the prototype has high strength and heat-insulating properties. The components that make up the material of the building product of the prototype are in the following ratio:

- building plaster - 29.2 ... 36.2%;

- wollastonite - 40 ... 50.9 wt.%;

- phosphoric acid - 3.3 ... 10.3%;

- technical starch - 3.2 ... 3.3%;

- water - 10.3 ... 13.3%.

The disadvantage of a building product made of this material is the presence of "pinkies" (bumps), the appearance of which is due to an increase in the volume of molding poromass by 2-3 times. In the process of manufacturing products, the resulting "humps" are cut off, which leads to cost overruns and additional labor costs. Also, the disadvantage of building products according to the prototype is the use of expensive (wollastonite) and harmful to human health (phosphoric acid) components for their manufacture, their transportation and special storage conditions.

The task is: to reduce the cost of a building product without reducing the average density indicators and at the same time increase the strength characteristics of a building product.

The technical result that allows us to solve the problem is to ensure sufficient strength of the product due to hydration of gypsum binder and fluorohydrite, and to ensure

heat-insulating properties due to the porosity of the product obtained by the release of carbon dioxide during the interaction of waste in the form of "acidic" fluorohydrite and carbonate flour.

In accordance with the prototype, the building product is made of porous gypsum concrete, which is a product of the hardening of the raw material mixture, which includes building gypsum, blowing agents, technical starch and water, while the pores in the building product are formed by the release of carbon dioxide during chemical interaction of the mixture components in the process gypsum concrete hardening. But unlike the prototype, the mixture contains fluorohydrite and carbonate flour as gas-forming agents, while the components are in the following percentage ratio:

- building plaster - 29.4 ... 29.6% ;.

- fluorohydrite - 14.7 ... 18.5%;

- carbonate flour - 11.5 ... 24.5%;

- technical starch - 2 ... 2.9%;

- water - 29.4 ... 34.4%.

The ratio of the number of components in the manufacture of the claimed building product is obtained as a result of experiments. It is in this ratio that high strength and thermal insulation performance of a building product is achieved.

The main results were: ultimate compressive strength and average density of products.

Product strength: 1.6-4.6 MPa;

The average density of products: 550-1100 kg / m ³ .

Table 1.
Basic physical and mechanical characteristics of a porous building product Composition number The content of components,% Physical and mechanical characteristics Gypsum plaster Fluorine anhydrite Carbonate flour Technical starch Water R _compress MPa ρ _m , kg / m ³ one. 29.4 14.7 19.9 2.0 34 4.6 1100 2. 29.2 16,0 22.3 2,5 thirty 2,5 760 3. 29.6 18.5 24.5 2.9 24.5 1,6 550 Table 2.
The main physical and mechanical characteristics of the porous building product according to the prototype Composition number The content of components,% Physical and mechanical characteristics Gypsum plaster Wollastonite Orthophosphoric acid Technical starch Water R _compress MPa ρ _m , kg / m ³ one. 29.2 50.9 3.3 3.3 13.3 0.15 550 2. 36,2 40 10.3 3.2 10.3 0.38 760

As can be seen from the data in tables 1 and 2, the strength of the claimed building product is higher than that of the prototype, with the same average density.

A building product is made as follows: pre-dose the main starting components (fluorohydrite, technical starch, carbonate flour). As dispensers, typical hopper-type dispensers for gypsum binders can be used. The first stage of mixing takes place in a typical mixer of the starting components with water for 1-2 minutes. The 2nd stage of mixing takes place in the same mixer and includes dry mineralization with gypsum. The finished mixture is poured into a demountable paver according to the required product design. Hardening is carried out in chambers at a temperature of 40-60 ° C for 24 hours.

Wall blocks and panels are made from the resulting material.

During the interaction of fluorohydrite and carbonate flour during the course of the chemical reaction, carbon dioxide is released, which forms pores in the building product. Since fluorohydrite is a waste product of hydrofluoric acid, and carbonate flour is obtained by grinding natural limestone, this explains the significant reduction in the cost of the final product.

The test results indicate that the proposed building products can be used in the construction of walls in the construction of residential buildings for interior and apartment partitions and have high strength and thermal insulation properties.

Claims (1)

A building product made of porous gypsum concrete, which is a product of hardening a raw material mixture, which includes building gypsum, blowing agents, technical starch and water, while the pores in the building product are formed by the release of carbon dioxide during chemical interaction of the components of the mixture during the hardening of gypsum concrete, characterized in that the mixture contains fluorohydrite and carbonate flour as blowing agents, while the components of the material from which the building product is made are in the following ratio,%: gypsum plaster 29.4 ... 29.6 fluorohydrite 14.7 ... 18.5 carbonate flour 11.5 ... 24.5 technical starch 2 ... 2.9 water 29.4 ... 34.4