RU73891U1 - PLATE REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction, namely, slab reinforced concrete structures (floor slabs, foundation slabs, strip and column foundations, grillages, floor slabs, floor slabs, etc.) of buildings and structures for various functional purposes. The technical result of the invention is to increase the bearing capacity, rigidity, reliability, manufacturability and serviceability of slab reinforced concrete structures, and also can significantly reduce the thickness of structures and reduce metal consumption. In the above structures, in places of interfacing with vertical structural elements (columns, pylons, walls, etc.) or in places where significant concentrated loads are applied, a device for hidden metal capitals (collars) formed by the cross-connection of sheet reinforcement (metal plates) placed vertically, with pre-made holes for compressed and stretched reinforcement of a periodic profile and / or rope, without adhesion to concrete, and slots on olovinu height of the plate at each intersection. 3 s.p. f-ly, 10 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the construction, namely, slab reinforced concrete structures (floor slabs, foundation slabs, strip and column foundations, grillages, floor slabs, floor slabs, etc.) of buildings and structures for various functional purposes.

Known are traditional methods for constructing reinforced concrete capitals in the form of truncated pyramids, cones, parallelepipeds, etc., reinforced with hot-rolled reinforcement of a periodic profile, described in the book: “Baykov VN, Sigalov E.E. Reinforced concrete structures. General course. Textbook for high schools. Ed. 3rd corrected. M., Stroyizdat, 1978, 767 pp. "On pages 394-403, Fig. XI.34-XI.41.

The disadvantages of such structures for precast and precast monolithic options for the construction of structures is a large number of critical joints; dead weight of structures requiring the use of hoisting mechanisms; loss of time associated with placing an order and manufacturing at the factory. For the monolithic version, the disadvantages are associated with the complexity of manufacturing the formwork for casting capitals; the need to concrete first the capital, and only then the main slab structure. Common disadvantages for traditional methods of building capitals are the presence of protruding parts of these structural elements that eat up the working space of the premises; problems arising with the device of holes in the area of the capital.

The closest in technical essence is the constructive solution of hidden metal capitals in the body of monolithic reinforced concrete slab structures using shaped rolling profiles (channels, I-beams, etc.) described in the book: “Bresler, Boris. Reinforced concrete engineering. Volume 1. Materials, Structural Elements, Safety. Copyright 1974, By John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ”on pages 236-241, Figure 5.37., 5.38.

The disadvantages of this method of the device of hidden capitals is the large number of critical joints of the fittings and shaped profiles; the complexity of manufacturing metal capitals associated with the joining of shaped profiles with each other; restrictions associated with the geometric dimensions of shaped profiles; restrictions associated with the physicomechanical and chemical properties of rolling profiles.

The invention is aimed at increasing the bearing capacity, rigidity, reliability, processability and serviceability of slab reinforced concrete structures, and also allows to significantly reduce the thickness of structures and reduce metal consumption.

This is achieved by the fact that in the body of slab reinforced concrete structures (floor slabs, foundation slabs, strip and columnar foundations, grillages, floor slabs, floor slabs, etc.) in places of interfacing with vertical structural elements (columns, pylons, walls, etc.) .p.) or in places where significant concentrated loads are applied, a device for hidden metal capitals (collars), formed by the cross-connection of sheet reinforcement (metal plates) placed vertically, is foreseen with flaxen made holes for compressed and stretched reinforcement of a periodic profile and / or rope, without adhesion to concrete, and cuts at half the height of the plate in each place

intersections. Sheet reinforcement of a given thickness, length and height equal to the thickness of a slab reinforced concrete structure, in the required quantity (2, 4, 6, 8 pcs or more) is installed in each direction of reinforcement. Each sheet has pre-made holes for reinforcement in the lower and upper reinforcement zones and cuts at half the height of the element for cross-connection. The connection of the sheets is performed by welding with one-sided seams, the leg of the seam equal to the smallest thickness of the joined sheets. After creating the capitals (collar), reinforcement is installed in the previously made holes in the lower and upper reinforcement zones. As reinforcement can be used as prestressed reinforcement in the form of steel cables, ropes that do not have adhesion to concrete, as well as ordinary reinforcement of a periodic profile or a combination thereof.

A fundamentally new constructive solution for the interface unit of reinforced concrete horizontal structural elements and vertical structural elements is based on the use of mixed reinforcement of the most critical sections of structures.

The increase in stiffness and bearing capacity for shear (transverse force), bending and punching is dictated by the presence in the section of the reinforced concrete structure of sheet reinforcement, working in conjunction with reinforcement and concrete and having higher strength properties compared to reinforced concrete section.

The increase in reliability is due to the fact that the mechanism of brittle fracture of reinforced concrete structures is excluded. Steel sheets cannot lose stability, as they are in the body of concrete. The deformability of the structure as a whole changes, and it begins to work viscously. Concrete begins to play a subordinate role, preventing the metal capitals (collar) penetrated by the reinforcement to lose stability.

The increase in manufacturability is due to the fact that there are no responsible welded joints between metal plates and fittings. The fittings are installed in pre-made holes of a larger diameter and do not require fixing. And due to the plug-in effect of the reinforcement of the periodic profile, the connection of metal plates between them becomes irresponsible and can be reduced to a minimum.

Improving the usability is based on the margin of operability, high rigidity and low deformation to make.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a fragment of a slab reinforced concrete structure with a hidden metal capitals (collar). The capital (collar) consists of sheet reinforcement (metal plates) 1, reinforcement of the periodic profile of the slab structure 2, concrete 3, column reinforcement 4.

Figure 2 shows a section aa passing in the region of the metal capitals.

Figure 3 shows the sheet reinforcement installed in one direction of reinforcement.

Figure 4 shows a sheet reinforcement installed in a different direction of reinforcement.

Figure 5 shows another variant of a slab reinforced concrete structure with a hidden metal capitals (collar) with trapezoidal broadening in the vertical direction. The capital (collar) consists of sheet reinforcement (metal plates) 1, reinforcement of the periodic profile 2, concrete 3, reinforcement of the column 4.

Figure 6 shows a section bB passing in the region of a metal capitals with broadening.

7 shows a sheet reinforcement installed in one direction of reinforcement.

On Fig shows a sheet reinforcement installed in a different direction of reinforcement.

Figure 9 shows photograph 1 of a hidden collar in a foundation slab at the interface with a monolithic reinforced concrete column.

Figure 10 shows a photograph 2 of a hidden collar in a foundation slab at the interface with a monolithic reinforced concrete column.

The interface between the slab reinforced concrete structures in which hidden capitals (collars) and vertical structures (columns, pylons, walls) are created may have both frame and articulated properties, depending on the method of attachment to vertical structures. If it is necessary to design a frame unit, then the sheet reinforcement (pos. 1) must be connected to the column reinforcement (pos. 4) by welding, if it is articulated, then the connection is made only with concrete. This allows a flexible approach to the selection of the optimal design scheme.

Shear forces in slab reinforced concrete elements in which hidden capitals (collars) are created are perceived by sheet reinforcement (item 1). Tensile forces, from the acting bending moment, in the section of slab reinforced concrete structures are perceived by sheet (pos. 1) and rod (pos. 2) reinforcement. Compressive forces, from the acting bending moment, in the section of slab reinforced concrete structures are perceived by sheet reinforcement (pos. 1), rod reinforcement (pos. 2) and concrete (pos. 3). The amount of sheet and bar reinforcement required is determined from equilibrium conditions of the cross section.

Hidden metal capitals (collars) can be manufactured both at the metalwork factory and in construction conditions. The holes in the sheet reinforcement (pos. 1) can be made both by reaming and using modern metal cutting equipment. After making holes and slots in the sheet reinforcement (item 1), the orthogonal cross grating is assembled, the sheet reinforcement is interconnected using manual arc welding, with one-sided seams, the leg of the seam equal to the smallest thickness of the connected elements. The connection of sheet reinforcement (item 1) can be made both in the design position, and near it. After the capitals (collar) are installed, the compressed and stretched rod reinforcement (pos. 2) is installed in the design position. Then concreting is performed, which must necessarily be accompanied by vibrating the concrete mixture using appropriate equipment.

Due to the joint work of metal plates (pos. 1), reinforcement (pos. 2) and concrete (pos. 3), it is possible to significantly increase the strength characteristics of a section under shear and bending, and to solve the problem of forcing horizontal structural elements. This variant of mixed reinforcement allows optimal use of the properties of building materials (sheet metal (pos. 1) and reinforced concrete (pos. 2, 3)) and relates to a new type of steel-reinforced concrete structures with ensured strength properties. The device of hidden metal capitals (collars) is applicable in slab reinforced concrete structures of any thickness (thin, medium thickness, thick). A significant economic effect associated with a decrease in concrete consumption and total metal consumption is achieved through the rational use of the positive qualities of reinforcement (item 2) and sheet steel (item 1).

Claims (3)

1. Slab reinforced concrete structure, including metal plates, non-tensile and / or tensile reinforcement and concrete, characterized in that it is formed by cross-connection of metal plates placed vertically to the entire height of the section, with pre-made holes for compressed and stretched longitudinal reinforcement, installation in these openings of non-stressed and / or prestressed reinforcement and subsequent concreting. 2. The slab reinforced concrete structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal plates may have slots for ease of placement in the body of slab reinforced concrete structures during assembly on a construction site. 3. The slab of reinforced concrete construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal plates with pre-made holes can have a rectangular or trapezoidal broadening in the vertical direction.