RU73722U1 - HEATING TECHNOLOGY UNIT WALL, CLAMMER BRICK AND CLAMMER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the construction of the wall of the lining of the thermotechnical unit made of fireclay bricks, including a clam belt, as well as to the design of the clam brick and clammer. The horizontal row of bricks of the clammer belt is formed from vertically doubled standard brick bricks and horizontally doubled clasp bricks located between them, or formed only from vertically doubled clasp bricks. In double clammer bricks, T-shaped recesses are made on the side of their facing each other. These recesses form a joint T-shaped socket in which the T-shaped clamp is placed. The clamp is made of round bar made of heat-resistant steel. The shank of the clammer extends outside the clammer belt towards the frame of the heat engineering unit. The end of the shank is bent to form a loop that covers the pipe, which is installed in two supports fixed to the frame of the heat engineering unit. The axis of the rectilinear section of the clamp shaft is located below the axis of the pipe. The proposed group of utility models provides increased reliability and durability of the wall of the lining of the heat engineering unit, reduces heat losses and loads on the frame of the heat engineering unit. 3 n.p. 5 wp f-ly. 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of heat engineering, namely, to the construction of the wall of the lining of the thermotechnical unit made of fireclay bricks, including a clasp belt (layer), as well as to the design of the clasp brick and clammer.

Long-term operation of the heating unit is often accompanied by expansion of the lining (deformation in horizontal and vertical directions) and its subsequent destruction from exposure to high temperatures.

It is known to use technical solutions that eliminate this drawback. So, for example, in the construction of the lining according to the author's certificate SU 1775593, 1992, the wall masonry element of which contains insulating and refractory layers fixed on a metal supporting layer with pins with branches at the ends, the branches of the pins are equipped with compensating tubes of plastic material and are located in the refractory layer from the boundary with the insulating layer. During lining operation, compensating tubes of plastic material at the beginning of heating are displaced from the space between the branches of the pins and the refractory layer and are redistributed in space closer to the base of the pins. At higher temperatures, the compensating tubes burn out, resulting in a gap between the branched part of the pins and the refractory layer. This gap further plays the role of a compensator for linear expansion of the metal (pin) and concrete of the refractory layer and thereby ensures the operability of the wall masonry element without cracking. However, the known technical solution is applied only when a thermally insulated panel is used as an element of the wall masonry, and cannot be used for the wall of the lining of a heat engineering unit made of fireclay brick.

The closest analogue to the proposed utility model is the wall of the lining of the heat engineering unit, which includes a clasp belt laid out of two rows formed of standard brick lining and clasp bricks. In the clammer bricks superimposed one upon the other during the formation of the clammer belt, T-shaped recesses are made on the side of their facing each other. These recesses form a joint T-shaped socket in which a cast-iron T-shaped clamp is placed. The shank of the clammer exits through the channel of the socket to the outside of the clamping belt of the lining in the direction of the frame of the heat engineering unit. The end of the shank is bent to form a loop covering the pipe installed in the supports fixed to the secondary frame of the heat engineering unit (see A.P. Kovalev, N.S. Leleev and other Steam Generators. Energia Publishing House. Moscow - Leningrad, 1966 ., p. 226, 227). The specified well-known technical solution is also the closest analogue to the design of the clammer brick and to the design of the clammer. The dimensions of the clammer brick used in the wall of the brick lining are significantly larger than the standard brick due to the large dimensions of the cast-iron clammer, which leads to large heat losses in the region of the clasp belt. Due to the large weight of the cast-iron clammer and shaped bricks, the load on the frame of the heating unit increases significantly. The pipe, which is looped around the shank of the clamp, can be destroyed by the action of temperature due to the sufficiently large contact surface of the shank with the pipe.

The inventive utility model is aimed at solving the problem of creating a wall of a brick wall of a heat engineering unit that is not subject to destruction from thermal expansions under the influence of high temperatures, as well as creating a construction of a clam brick and a clammer used to form a clasp belt of the wall of the brick wall.

The technical result that can be achieved by implementing the proposed utility model is to increase the reliability and durability of the wall of the lining of the heat engineering unit, to reduce heat losses and loads on the frame of the heat engineering unit, to increase

manufacturability and in reducing the cost of work associated with the formation of clammer brick and clammer.

To achieve the specified technical result, it is proposed as the first object of the utility model that the wall construction is a lining of a heat engineering unit, including clamping belts. Each klamerny belt contains a horizontal row of bricks, formed from vertically double standard brick bricks and located between them along the horizontal vertically double klyamernyh bricks, or contains a horizontal row formed only of vertically doubled klyamernye bricks. In the double clammer bricks, T-shaped recesses are made on the side of their facing each other, forming a joint T-shaped socket, in which a T-shaped clamp is made, made of a round cross-section bar made of heat-resistant steel. The clammer shank exits through the nest channel to the outside of the clasp belt of the lining towards the frame of the heat engineering unit (towards the sheathing sheet of the heat engineering unit). The end of the shank is bent to form a loop covering the pipe installed in two supports fixed to the frame of the heat engineering unit. In this case, the mutual position of the clamp and the pipe is provided, in which the axis of the straight section of the shank of the clamp is located below the axis of the pipe.

To form a clamp, a bar with a diameter of mainly from 10 to 20 mm was used.

Most preferred is the relative position of the clamp and the pipe, in which the axis of the straight section of the shank of the clamp is 10-15 mm below the axis of the pipe.

The pipe, which covers the end of the shank, is fixed with one of its end in one of the mentioned supports, while the other end is freely located in the second support.

As a second object of the utility model, a squared brick is declared, designed to form a clamp wall belt of the wall of the lining of the heat engineering unit. Clammer brick has on one of its surfaces located in the masonry walls in the horizontal plane,

T-shaped recess under the T-shaped clamp. Each of the two mutually perpendicular branches of the recess has the shape of a semicylinder, and the branch of the recess, designed to accommodate the shank of the clammer, is open from the side of the brick surface, facing, when placing it in the clamping belt, towards the frame of the heating unit. The width of the clamp brick corresponds to the thickness of the masonry of the unloading belt of the wall of the wall.

The size of the clamp brick is 230 mm × 114 mm × 65 mm, where 230 mm is the length of the brick, 114 mm is the width of the brick, 65 mm is the thickness of the brick, or 250 mm × 124 mm × 65 mm, where 250 mm is the length of the brick, 124 mm - brick width, 65 mm - brick thickness.

As the third object of the utility model, a clamp is declared that performs the function of a compensator of linear temperature expansion and a latch or support of the wall of the lining of the heat engineering unit. The Klyammer has a T-shape and is made of a bar of circular cross section made of heat-resistant steel. The end of the clammer shank is bent to form a loop and serves to cover the pipe installed by means of supports on the frame of the heat engineering unit.

The bar from which the clamp is made mainly has a diameter of 10 to 20 mm.

Thanks to the implementation of the clamp from a steel bar (from heat-resistant steel) of circular cross section, it is possible to use clamp clamp bricks of standard sizes with the most simplified form of the recess in the brick under the clamp. At the same time, heat losses through the clammer brick are reduced - they do not exceed heat loss through the standard brick masonry, since the width (depth) of the clammer brick is reduced in comparison with the design adopted as the closest analogue. With a round cross-section of the rod from which the clamp is made, the contact zone of the pipe with the loop-shaped end part of the clamp shaft enveloping it is significantly reduced, and therefore, heat losses are reduced and pipe destruction is eliminated. The light weight of the used bar clamps can significantly reduce the load on the frame of the heat engineering unit. The clamps of the proposed design can be manufactured at the installation site at

any required quantity, while the well-known cast-iron clamps are manufactured at the factory in large quantities. The location of the axis of the straight section of the shank of the clammer below the axis of the pipe (mainly by 10-15 mm) ensures the reliability of the design with "cotton" (that is, with a sharp increase in pressure in the furnace of the heating unit), because when pressure is applied to the wall, the loop of the clamp shaft does not jump off the pipe.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows the wall of the lining of the heat engineering unit in cross section;

figure 2 - klyammerny brick, view from the side of the T-shaped recess;

figure 3 - klyammerny brick, a section along aa in figure 2;

figure 4 is a General view of the clamp;

The wall of the lining of the thermotechnical unit made of fireclay bricks (stacked in rows in rows) along a heat-resistant layer is formed from discharge belts 1 placed one above the other, the height of each of which does not exceed 2 m (in order to increase the maintainability of the structure; dismantling of the lining is carried out according to the discharge belts without disturbing the design of the upper and lower belts). Each unloading belt 1 is supported by a shaped brick 2, which is mounted on a welded bracket 3 made of heat-resistant or heat-resistant steel. Between the unloading belts 1, temperature joints are made. On the unloading belt no more than four clamping belts 4 are provided.

Each clasp belt 4 of the obstruction wall contains a horizontal row of bricks formed from vertically doubled standard obstruction bricks and vertically double clasp bricks 5 and 6. However, alternatively, such an embodiment of the klyamer belt 4 of the obstruction wall is provided, in which the horizontal row is only formed of vertically doubled clasp bricks 5 and 6. The dimensions of each clasp bricks are 230 mm × 114 mm × 65 mm (where 230 mm is the length of the brick, 114 mm is the width of the brick, 65 mm is the thickness splint) or 250 mm × 124 mm × 65 mm (where 250 mm is the length of the brick, 124 mm is the width of the brick, 65 mm is the thickness) and correspond (most preferably equal) to the dimensions of a conventional

standard brick, in particular, used when laying the unloading belt of the wall of the wall.

Each clammer brick 5 of a double pair of bricks has on its surface 9 facing the surface of another clammer brick 6 of the indicated pair and placed in the masonry wall in a horizontal plane, a T-shaped recess 10, corresponding to the identical recess 10 made in brick 6. As a result of this of execution, both recesses in the clammer bricks 5 and 6 form a joint T-shaped socket 11. The branch 12 of the recess located parallel to the side surface 13 of the brick has the shape of a half cylinder. The branch 14 of the recess, located parallel to the end surface 15 of the brick, also has the shape of a half cylinder. The branch 14 of the recess 10 is open from the side of the clammer brick 13, which, when the brick is placed in the clasp belt, faces the frame of the heat engineering unit.

A T-shaped clamp (hook) is laid in socket 11. 16. The channel of socket 11, formed from the branches of 14 recesses 10 of double bricks 5 and 6, has an exit to the outside of these bricks towards the frame of the heat engineering unit, due to, as mentioned above, the execution of branches 14 open. When placing the clammer 16 in the socket 11, the clammer shank 17 is located in the channel of the socket 11, formed from the branches 14 of the recesses 10.

Klyammer (hook) 16 is made of a rod of heat-resistant steel of circular cross section, preferably with a diameter of 10-20 mm The size of the clamp is such that when it is placed in slot 11, a gap is formed between the surfaces of the clamp and the walls of the socket, which plays the role of a compensator for linear expansion of the metal (clamp) and the material of the clamp brick.

The shank 17 of the clammer 16 exits through the channel of the socket 11 to the outside of the clamping belt of the lining in the direction of the frame of the heating unit (i.e., towards the sheathing sheet of the heating unit). The end of the shank 17 is bent along the radius with the formation of a loop 18, which covers the pipe 19 located perpendicular to the straight section of the shank 17. The relative position of the clamp 16 and the pipe 19 is such that the axis of the straight section 20 of the shank 17 is 10-15 mm below the axis of the pipe 19 . With this

the location provides emphasis with "cotton" (with a sharp increase in pressure in the furnace of a heat engineering unit) and vertical temperature expansion.

The pipe 19 is installed in two supports, which are mounted on the secondary frame of the heat engineering unit, and is fixed at one of its ends in one of these supports. The other end of the pipe 19 is preferably left unsecured, i.e. place it in another support freely, which allows you to compensate for the linear thermal expansion of the pipe 19 and prevent its deformation.

Chamotte brick laying (spoon row) begins with shaped brick. Every 600-800 mm, clasp belts are installed to lay the walls to ensure vertical stability of the wall against swelling during thermal expansions and resistance to "cotton" (with a sharp increase in pressure in the furnace of the heating unit). A maximum of 4 clamping belts are installed on the unloading belt. When forming a clamping belt, a T-shaped clamping rod 16 is laid in the T-shaped nests of the double clamping bricks 16. The bent end of the shank 17 of the clammer 16, which faces the outside of the double bricks, is hung on the pipe 19.

Claims (8)

1. Wall lining of the heat engineering unit, including clamping belts, each of which contains a horizontal row of bricks, formed from vertically doubled standard bricking bricks and vertically located between them vertical clamping bricks, or formed only from vertically doubled clamping bricks, with in double clammer bricks, on the side of their facing each other surfaces, T-shaped recesses are formed, forming a joint T-shaped socket, in which A T-shaped clamp is made of a round cross-section bar made of heat-resistant steel, the clammer shank extends through the socket channel to the outside of the clasp belt of the wiring towards the frame of the heat engineering unit, and the end of the shank is bent to form a loop covering the pipe mounted in two supports mounted on the frame heat engineering unit, and the axis of the straight section of the shank of the clamp is located below the axis of the pipe. 2. The wall according to claim 1, characterized in that a bar with a diameter of 10 to 20 mm is used to form the clammer. 3. The wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the rectilinear section of the shank of the clamp is located below the axis of the pipe by 10-15 mm. 4. The wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe, which covers the end of the shank, is fixed at one of its ends in one of the mentioned supports, while the other end is located in the second support freely. 5. A squamous brick of rectangular shape, designed to form a klyammer belt of the wall of the lining of the heat engineering unit, characterized in that it has a T-shaped recess under the T-shaped clamp, on one of its surfaces located in the wall masonry in the horizontal plane, each of the two branches of the recess is in the form of a half-cylinder, and the branch of the recess, designed to accommodate the shank of the clammer, is open on the side of the surface of the brick facing when placed in the clamping belt in Oron carcass of heating unit, wherein the width corresponds to the thickness klyammernogo brick masonry brickwork wall of the discharge zone. 6. Clammer brick according to claim 5, characterized in that its dimensions are 230 mm × 114 mm × 65 mm, where 230 mm is the length of the brick, 114 mm is the width of the brick, 65 mm is the thickness of the brick, or 250 mm × 124 mm × 65 mm, where 250 mm is the length of the brick, 124 mm is the width of the brick, 65 mm is the thickness of the brick. 7. Klyammer, which performs the function of a compensator of linear temperature expansion of the wall of the lining of the heat engineering unit, characterized in that it has a T-shape and is made of round bar made of heat-resistant steel, while the end of the clamp shaft serves to cover the pipe installed by means of supports on the frame heat engineering unit. 8. The clamp according to claim 7, characterized in that the bar has a diameter of from 10 to 20 mm