RU72749U1 - MULTI-FUEL WATER BOILER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power system, in particular, to designs of hot water boilers that can be used for heating residential and industrial premises.

A multi-fuel boiler includes a rectangular casing, a combustion chamber with a loading door, a water jacket formed by the vertical walls of the casing and the combustion chamber, a return water supply pipe located at the bottom of the furnace chamber, a hot water outlet pipe located at the top of the furnace chamber, a heat exchange element , smoke outlet and hatch for cleaning the outer surfaces of pipes and annular space. In this case, the heat exchange element is made in the form of water pipes assembled in three horizontal rows transversely arranged in a checkerboard pattern with a slope of 25-30 ° to the horizon, while the water pipes of each horizontal row relative to the horizontal plane are installed with the same slope in one as well as in another sides and are knurled, the depth of which is 10% of the diameter of the pipe, and the water pipes of the two upper horizontal rows are made with fins, and the hatch for cleaning the outer surfaces of the pipes and the annular pipe transtva located on the front surface of the boiler.

The boiler can additionally be equipped with electric heating elements with temperature regulators.

The inventive multi-fuel hot water boiler has high efficiency, has a wide range of power, easy to maintain.

Description

The utility model relates to a power system, in particular, to designs of hot water boilers that can be used for heating residential and industrial premises.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant showed that various designs of hot water boilers are known in the art (RF patents 2273802, 2266482, 2194925, etc.).

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the design of a multi-fuel hot water boiler according to utility model No. 8453, which contains a rectangular housing, inside of which there is a firebox with two autonomous consecutive gas ducts surrounded by a jacket. The flues are equipped with heat exchange elements in the form of staggered transversally arranged in vertical rows with a slight slope to the horizon of the water pipes. Moreover, the water pipes of each vertical row relative to the horizontal plane are installed with the same slope alternately in one or the other direction, and the flues in the cross section are made in the form of two non-equilateral trapeziums turned by their vertices to each other, the areas of the passage sections of which are reduced in proportion to the decrease in volume gases, and shifted relative to each other in such a way that their adjacent sides form an inclined

the opening in the upper part of the partition, the lower part of which is common for the furnace and gas duct, is made of refractory material with high heat capacity. Under the firebox it is equipped with a grate, interacting with the podkolosnikovy chamber (blow), which is involved in the supply of air to the furnace. The boiler is also equipped with pipes for supplying heated water, which is located in the lower part of the boiler and dispensing hot water - located in the upper part of the boiler, as well as three hatches for inspecting and cleaning the internal surfaces of the duct and the outer surfaces of the flues and the outer surfaces of the pipes. The boiler furnace is equipped with a loading door and an exhaust gas duct (smoke exhaust pipe).

As follows from the description and can be seen from the drawing of the utility model (Fig. 1) (Fig. 2), the heat-exchange element is made in the form of vertically staggered rows of water pipes assembled in vertical rows transversely arranged in a checkerboard pattern. Thus, a very dense tube bundle is formed as a result. Although the structure is equipped with three hatches for cleaning pipes and annular space, two of which are located in the upper part of the boiler, and the third on the rear wall, it is really impossible to clean the pipes and annular space from ash and soot, which reduces the boiler efficiency.

In addition, vertical rows form vertical corridor flues, which, due to the impossibility of cleaning them from ash and soot, reduce turbulence, which also leads to a decrease in efficiency.

From the formula of the utility model, it follows that the water pipes are located to the horizon at a slight slope. And although the angle of inclination is not indicated in the description, it can be seen from the drawings that it does not exceed 10 °. Such a small angle of inclination does not allow to increase the velocity of the coolant, which also reduces the design efficiency.

The objective of this utility model is to develop the design of a multi-fuel hot water boiler with high performance by increasing efficiency.

The problem is solved by the proposed design of a multi-fuel boiler, which contains a rectangular casing, a combustion chamber with a loading door, a water jacket formed by the vertical walls of the casing and the combustion chamber, a return water supply pipe located in the lower part of the furnace chamber, a hot water outlet pipe located in the upper part of the combustion chamber, a heat exchange element, a smoke outlet and a hatch for cleaning the outer surfaces of the pipes. At the same time, the heat-exchange element is made in the form of assembled in three horizontal rows transversely arranged in a checkerboard pattern with water pipes inclined 25-30 ° to the horizon. Water tubes of each horizontal row relative to the horizontal plane are installed with the same slope in one or the other side and have knurling, the depth of which is 10% of the diameter of the water pipe. Moreover, the water pipes of the two upper horizontal rows are made with fins, and the hatch for cleaning

the outer surfaces of the pipes is located on the front surface of the boiler. In addition, the boiler can be equipped with an electric heater with a temperature controller.

The essence of the proposed design of the boiler is illustrated in the figure (figure 1, figure 2), which adopted the following notation:

Figure 1 is a cross section:

1 - case

2 - water shirt

3 - combustion chamber

4 - loading door

5 - water pipes

6 - fins

7 - pipe for supplying return water

8 - pipe outlet hot water

9 - smoke outlet

10 - hatch

11 - grate

12 - podkolosnikova camera

1 - electric heating elements

Figure 2 - section AA in figure 1

5 - water pipes

6 - fins

14 - knurling

In the claimed design of a multi-fuel boiler, water pipes are assembled in horizontal rows. it

not only allows them to effectively clean their annulus and soot from ash and soot, but also forms horizontal corridor flues that play the role of flue gas turbulators, which leads to increased efficiency.

In the inventive design of a multi-fuel boiler, the water pipes of the two upper horizontal rows are equipped with fins. This allows you to increase the length of the chimney, which leads to an increase in the movement and turbulization of flue gases and, accordingly, to increase heat transfer, which also increases efficiency.

In addition, the water heating pipes are knurled, the depth of which is 10% of the pipe diameter. This ensures turbulence in the movement of water in the pipes, which also increases the heat transfer and, accordingly, the boiler efficiency. Depth of rolling less than 10% - does not provide the necessary turbulence, and more than 10% - is not profitable.

The location of the hatch on the front surface of the boiler allows you to easily clean the pipe system of ash, soot, thereby maintaining the efficiency of the boiler at the proper level.

If necessary, the design of a multi-fuel hot water boiler can be equipped with electric heating elements with a temperature controller. This allows you to expand the functions of the boiler, i.e. the boiler can work in the absence of a person (automatically turns on and off).

Thus, the use of the claimed design of a multi-fuel boiler allows you to get the following technical result:

- increase efficiency.

A multi-fuel hot water boiler operates as follows:

Through the loading door 4, fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber 3 through the podkolosnichnoy chamber 12 and the air for burning fuel enters the holes in the grate 11. In the process of fuel combustion, heat is generated that through the walls of the combustion chamber 3 and the water pipes 5 heats the water located in the water volume of the boiler.

Further, the precise gases, rising upward, give off heat to the walls of the duct and the second row of pipes with fins. Having reached the opening, flue gases rise up and change direction in the opposite direction under the third row of pipes with fins. Having reached the opening in the area of the hatch 10, they again change direction to the opposite and, having given heat to the chimney, go into the chimney 9.

When using liquid fuel or gas, the grate 11 is removed and nozzles are installed.

The inventive multi-fuel boiler is designed for use in the power system and is intended for heating residential and industrial premises.

Boilers of this model can be produced with a wide power range: from 30 kW / h to 200 kW / h.

Claims (2)

1. A multi-fuel boiler containing a rectangular body, a combustion chamber with a loading door, a water jacket formed by the vertical walls of the housing and the combustion chamber, a return water supply pipe located at the bottom of the furnace chamber, a hot water outlet pipe located at the top of the furnace chamber , a heat exchange element, a smoke outlet and a hatch for cleaning the outer surfaces of pipes and the annulus, characterized in that the heat exchange element is made in the form of assembled in three horizontal ntal rows are transversally staggered with a slope of 25-30 ° to the horizon of the water pipes, while the water pipes of each horizontal row relative to the horizontal plane are installed with the same slope in one or the other direction and are knurled, the depth of which is 10 % of the diameter of the pipe, and the water pipes of the two upper horizontal rows are made with fins, and the hatch for cleaning the outer surfaces of the pipes and the annulus is located on the front surface of the boiler. 2. The multi-fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with electric heating elements with temperature controllers.