RU72366U1 - ELECTRIC MOMENT CAR WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS - Google Patents

Abstract

An electric permanent magnet machine with a stator with a toroidal magnetic circuit and an annular winding, two rotor disks mounted on a non-magnetic shaft and having permanent magnets with counter axial magnetization, characterized in that radially magnetized permanent magnets mounted on the inside are additionally inserted into this machine the cylindrical surface of the rotor magnetic circuit, which is made U-shaped, in the cross section additional permanent magnets face and rad on the opposite sides of the stator winding and are of the same polarity, the U-shaped rotor magnetic circuit is detachable, a magnetically conducting ring is inserted into the connector, and additional permanent magnets are separated by non-magnetic material, the stator magnetic circuit is composite, in which the external toroidal magnetic circuit is wound from steel tape , the internal magnetic circuit is drawn from stamped rings, and both of these parts are combined with insulating material into a single integral stator magnetic circuit.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering and, in particular, to electric valve machines operating as torque motors used in electromechanical systems of robots, manipulators, machine tools, autonomous electric drives and other devices.

The task of creating a real utility model is to increase the specific moment of end-face electric machines, determined by the ratio of the long-permissible moment to the mass of the whole machine.

Known brushless electric DC machine of the disk type, containing a stator with groups of coils, alternately powered by current in the same direction, and a disk rotor with permanent magnets located on it. In one embodiment of the machine, the stator is made with two active surfaces, opposite which there is a rotor disk. The second rotor disk is a mirror image of the first, while the polarity of the permanent magnet of the rotor disk located on one side of the stator is opposite to the polarity of the magnet of the disk located on the other side of the stator. [USSR patent No. 1494877 A3, Н02К 29/00, decl. 10/06/1982 (priority 09/02/1981, USA), publ. 07/15/1989].

The performance of the engine with two rotors or with two stators increases its specific weight and size indicators. The engine according to this invention relates to machines with a stator and rotor coaxially located relative to each other, and the invention is aimed at increasing the efficiency and uniformity of rotation speed of high-speed DC direct-drive valve machines.

Known electric motor with an internal or external rotor and permanent excitation magnets [application of Germany No. 4423620 Al, H02K 1/02,

declared 07/06/1994, publ. 11/01/1996 // ISM, issue 107, No. 20, 1997, p.3]. In the case of an internal rotor, the part (stator) rotating around it has a winding system without a magnetic core, and the rotor with permanent excitation magnets has a cylindrical yoke with radial slots uniformly distributed around the circumference, in which permanent magnets of anisotropic material are magnetized in the circumferential direction with alternating polarity. The yoke is made of isotropic material, and its sections between anisotropic magnets are magnetized in the radial direction.

The above machine design with one stator and rotor having additional permanent magnets, as well as the design with two rotor disks described above, does not belong to the end type.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model is the design of a torque motor with permanent magnets, made in the end version and equipped with an annular winding [Stolov LI, Zykov BN, Torque motors with permanent magnets, M .: Energy, 1977 , p.67, fig. 38]. The motor contains a stator with a twisted ring toroidal magnetic circuit and an annular winding, two rotor disks covering the stator winding from two end faces and made in the form of permanent magnets with opposite axial magnetization.

In an effort to increase the moment per unit mass of the machine, it is necessary to increase the active length, which leads to a decrease in the stiffness of the stator magnetic circuit with an increase in the average diameter of the machine. If, however, the cross section of the magnetic circuit is increased artificially more than the calculated one (in order to increase its rigidity), with increasing diameter, the use of usable volume in the machine worsens due to a decrease in the winding utilization factor. In addition, this leads to additional heating of the machine due to the need to increase the average length of the winding of the stator winding with an increased average diameter of the machine.

The essence of the claimed utility model consists in an electric torque machine with permanent magnets, containing a stator with a toroidal magnetic circuit and an annular winding, two rotor disks mounted on a non-magnetic shaft and having permanent magnets with counter axial magnetization. Radially magnetized permanent magnets are additionally introduced into this machine, mounted on the inner cylindrical surface of the rotor magnetic circuit, which is made U-shaped, in the cross section additional permanent magnets face the end and radial sides of the stator winding and have the same polarity. The U-shaped rotor magnetic circuit is made detachable, into the connector of which a magnetic ring is inserted, and additional permanent magnets are separated from each other by non-magnetic material. The stator magnetic circuit is made composite, in which the external toroidal magnetic circuit is wound from steel tape, the internal magnetic circuit is made of stamped rings, and both of these parts are combined with insulating material into a single integral stator magnetic circuit.

Despite a slight increase in the volume of magnets (not more than 10% of the volume of the machine), it is possible to increase the specific moment by about 1.4 times, which determines the effectiveness of using this technical solution. In addition, the use of this technical solution with the same ohmic losses in the machine leads to less overheating in the stator winding due to better heat transfer coefficient with a larger cooling surface of the stator and rotor. The technical result also consists in increasing the stiffness of the rotor, which makes it possible to reduce the end and radial working gaps and improves the useful conductivity of the air gap of the machine, which allows to obtain the optimal value of magnetic induction with a smaller thickness of permanent magnets.

The proposed utility model is presented in the drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an electric torque machine and Fig. 2 shows its cross sections along A-A and B-B.

The electric machine contains:

Non-magnetic housing 1;

Ring winding 2 stator;

External twisted toroidal magnetic circuit 3 of the stator;

Inner ring toroidal magnetic circuit 4 of the stator;

Non-magnetic bearing shield 5;

Non-magnetic material 6, separating additional permanent magnets;

End permanent magnets 7 (right-handed);

The right disk of the U-shaped magnetic circuit 8 of the rotor;

Additional permanent magnets 9 (radial);

The left disk of the U-shaped magnetic circuit 10 of the rotor;

Magnetic conductive ring 11;

Bearing cover 12;

Bearing 13;

Non-magnetic shaft 14;

Thrust ring 15;

Insulation material 16;

Isolation of the 17 stator core.

A non-magnetic bearing shield 5, a bearing 13 and a cover 12 are mounted on the non-magnetic shaft 14 on the left side. Next, the left disk of the U-shaped magnetic circuit 10 of the rotor with permanent magnets 9 and 7 and non-magnetic material 6 (left side) is mounted on the shaft 14 using a key. An annular stator winding 2 is wound on an external twisted toroidal magnetic core 3 and an inner ring toroidal magnetic core 4 fastened by insulating material 16. The assembled stator is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the non-magnetic housing 1, after which

it is docked with the left non-magnetic bearing shield 5. After measuring the left end and radial working clearances with special probes and determining the required thickness of the magnet-conducting ring 11 using a series of measurements, the right disk of the U-shaped magnetic core 8 with permanent magnets 7 previously fixed to it is fixed to the screw 7 and non-magnetic material 6. Next, a thrust ring 15 is mounted on the non-magnetic shaft 14, the right non-magnetic bearing shield 5 with the bearing 13, and the right bearing Ryshkov 12 and the shield 5 by screws.

The stator winding (Figs. 1, 2) is pierced by axial and radial fluxes created by permanent magnets 7 and 9. Passing through the air working gap and winding 2, the flux enters the armature core, and axial counter-directed fluxes from permanent magnets 7 pass through an external twisted a toroidal magnetic circuit 3, and the radial flux generated by the permanent magnet 9, along the lower part of the inner magnetic circuit 4 of the stator, drawn from the rings. Passing along the core of the magnetic circuit in a tangential direction, the flux passes to magnets of a different polarity, closing along the U-shaped magnetic circuit of the rotor, assembled from two parts 8 and 10 for ease of installation and adjustment of the end working air gaps. The considered paths of the main stream are conventionally represented in FIGS. 1 and 2 by arrows.

A rotor position sensor, not shown in the drawing, is installed on the shaft of the machine, which can be performed in the particular case according to the literature [But D.A., Contactless electric machines, M .: Higher school, 1985, p.153, p.162, fig. 5.18], switching the current in the coils of the armature winding so that the total magnetic field of the winding and the field of the rotor are mutually perpendicular, which leads to the formation of the maximum possible electromagnetic moment. The dependence of the parameters of the valve electric machine on the speed and modes of operation is similar to those considered in the work of Buta D.A.

The stator composite magnetic circuit receives additional rigidity due to the inner ring magnetic circuit 4 drawn from the rings, which makes it possible to switch to a larger diameter with a relatively smaller thickness of the casing and also leads to an increase in the specific moment of the machine. The comparative simplicity of assembly and adjustment of the machine is ensured by the adjustable coupling of the rotor parts 8, 10 and 11. The presence of a magnetically conducting ring 11 with an adjustable thickness allows to eliminate technological errors that occur during assembly of the machine and establish the required end working clearances.

Claims (1)

An electric permanent magnet machine with a stator with a toroidal magnetic circuit and an annular winding, two rotor disks mounted on a non-magnetic shaft and having permanent magnets with counter axial magnetization, characterized in that radially magnetized permanent magnets mounted on the inside are additionally inserted into this machine the cylindrical surface of the rotor magnetic circuit, which is made U-shaped, in the cross section additional permanent magnets face and rad on the opposite sides of the stator winding and are of the same polarity, the U-shaped rotor magnetic circuit is detachable, a magnetically conducting ring is inserted into the connector, and additional permanent magnets are separated by non-magnetic material, the stator magnetic circuit is composite, in which the external toroidal magnetic circuit is wound from steel tape , the internal magnetic circuit is drawn from stamped rings, and both of these parts are combined with insulating material into a single integral stator magnetic circuit.