RU71369U1 - MACHINE FOR DRILLING WELLS UNDERGROUND CONDITIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at reducing the noise level in the mine working and vibration of the drilling tool. The specified technical result is achieved in that the shock assembly of the machine is made in the form of a shock hydraulic pulse generator, which consists of a hydropulsator with a drive hydraulically interconnected and placed in one device body for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses and a power hydraulic cylinder with a piston, while the hydraulic pulsator is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder with a plunger, a device for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses is a hollow elastic element with a nonlinear character Ikoyi filled with liquid and clamped by a spring between the inertial mass and the bottom of the power cylinder and the piston of the power cylinder and is spring-loaded simply supported on the shank of the drill string.

Description

The utility model relates to combined shock-rotary drilling machines, namely to machines with continuous rotation, and can be used for drilling horizontal and deviated wells in underground mines and quarries.

Known hydraulic pulse power mechanism (AS No. 727419, IPC B25D 9/04, B.I. No. 14-1980). It contains a housing, a hydro-pulsator with a drive, which can be a crank, eccentric or other mechanism that provides longitudinal oscillations of the plunger of the hydro-pulsator, an inertial mass pressed by a spring to the longitudinal side walls of a hollow elastic element (hydraulic hose), which is hydraulically connected to the power hydraulic cylinder and piston, which is also spring-loaded. The inertial spring-loaded mass and the piston of the power hydraulic cylinder are installed so that they can perform lateral vibrations relative to the hollow elastic element. In order to increase the nonlinearity and stiffness of the hollow elastic element filled with a liquid medium, the piston of the power hydraulic cylinder is preloaded by a spring placed in one housing with an inertial mass. Under the pulsed action of the piston of the power hydraulic cylinder on the actuator or the working body, the latter generates power pulses that intensify the process. The device is intended for use in mining, construction, vibration technology, etc. Its main advantage is the low noise level due to the absence of colliding parts.

Known rotary hammers with hydraulic, pneumatic and electric drives for driving holes in underground mines (N. S. Rodionov and others. Mining and drilling equipment. M .: Nedra, 1983, S. 53-54. Prototype) . These drilling machines consist of the following three main technological units or mechanisms: a spindle or rotor-type rotational unit, a feed tool for a drilling tool to a face with a hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical drive and a percussion mechanism. In this case, the percussion mechanism consists of a cylinder, a piston (striker, hammer) and a distribution system for a liquid or gaseous medium, through which the piston receives a reciprocating motion. During its movements, the piston strikes

the shank of the drill string, as a result of which the efficiency of well penetration increases significantly.

The disadvantages of the above drilling machines are as follows:

- when the piston hits the shank of the drill string in the mine, a strong noise is generated, which negatively affects the working conditions of the workers;

- under the influence of shocks in the string of drill rods, strong vibrations occur that adversely affect the operation of the nodes of the drilling machine and threaded joints of the drill rods.

The task is to reduce the noise level in the mine and the vibration intensity of the drill rods.

This problem is solved as follows. In accordance with the prototype, a machine for drilling wells in underground conditions includes a rotary assembly, a feed mechanism for the drilling tool to the face and an impact assembly. According to a utility model, the shock assembly of the machine is a shock hydraulic pulse generator, which consists of a hydraulically coupled hydraulic pulsator with a drive and devices located in one housing for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses and a power hydraulic cylinder with a piston. In this case, the hydraulic pulsator is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder with a plunger, the device for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses is a hollow elastic element with a nonlinear characteristic, filled with liquid and clamped by means of a spring between the inertial mass and the bottom of the power hydraulic cylinder, and the piston of the power hydraulic cylinder is spring-loaded and supported against the shank of the drill string booms.

Further, the essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- figure 1 - the location of the main technological nodes of the machine and the scheme of penetration of the well;

- figure 2 - design of the generator of shock hydraulic pulses;

- figure 3 - the shape of the hydraulic pulse before passing through the corrective device;

- figure 4 - the position of the inertial mass during the passage of the hydraulic pulse (in cross section);

- figure 5 - the position of the inertial mass after the passage of the hydraulic pulse (in cross section);

- figure 6 - the shape of the hydraulic pulse after passing through the corrective device.

The machine for drilling wells in underground conditions includes the following main technological units and mechanisms (figure 1):

- rotational unit 1 of the spindle or rotor type. It is designed to impart rotation to the drill string 2 with drill bit 3;

- a feed mechanism 4 with a hydraulic or mechanical drive for feeding the drilling tool as part of the drill string 2 and drill bit 3 to the bottom of the borehole 5;

- generator of shock hydraulic pulses 6.

The generator of shock hydraulic pulses 6 (Fig. 2) consists of a hydraulically connected hydro-pulsator 7 and placed in one housing 8 of the device for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses 9 and a power hydraulic cylinder 10. The hydro-pulsator 7 consists of a hydraulic cylinder 11 with a plunger 12, driven crank, eccentric or other mechanism 13. The device for correcting the shape of the hydraulic pulses is a hollow elastic element 9, which is filled with liquid, has a non-linear characteristic stick and through the pipe 14 is connected to the power hydraulic cylinder 10. This hollow elastic element by means of a spring 15 is sandwiched between the inertial mass 16 and the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 10, as a result of which it acquires an elliptical shape in cross section. In this case, the piston 17 of the power hydraulic cylinder 10 is preloaded by the spring 18 and is supported on the shank 19 of the drill string 2.

The machine for drilling wells in underground conditions works as follows (figure 1). The rotary assembly 1 is driven, as a result of which the drilling tool as a part of the drill string 2 and the drill bit 3 receives rotation. After that, the feed mechanism 4 is turned on, which ensures the advancement of the drilling tool to the bottom of the well 5 and the tight contact of the drill bit 3 with the rock of the face. Then drive the generator of shock hydraulic pulses 6.

When you turn on the actuator 13 of the hydraulic pulsator 7, the plunger 12 in the hydraulic cylinder 11 performs reciprocating movements (figure 2), which cause the formation of hydraulic pulses with the form shown in figure 3, characterized by a smooth increase in the front of the pulses. In turn, these hydraulic pulses cause forced oscillations of the fluid in the hollow elastic element 9, clamped by means of a spring 15 between the inertial mass 16 and the bottom of the power hydraulic cylinder 10. Since the hydraulic pulse in the process of moving along the hollow elastic element 9 overcomes the resistance of the liquid medium, at the moment its passage, the latter expands, which is accompanied by displacement

inertial mass 16 in the radial direction relative to the hollow elastic element 9 (figure 4). After the passage of the hydraulic pulse, the inertial mass 16 under the influence of the spring 15 returns to its original position (figure 5). Thus, the inertial mass 16 makes transverse vibrations, and the frequency of these oscillations is close to the frequency of the forced oscillations of the liquid medium. This means that the plunger 12 of the hydraulic pulsator 7 and the inertial mass 16 operate at frequencies close to resonant. These two factors - the pressure drop of the liquid at the location of the inertial mass and the resonance phenomena during operation of the hydro-pulsator 7 and the inertial mass 16 are accompanied by a change in the shape of the hydraulic pulse. As can be seen from the figure of FIG. 6, the front of the hydraulic pulse acquires a steeper shape, and, therefore, the impact force of the pulse increases significantly. The generated hydraulic shock impulse enters the hydraulic power cylinder 10, acts on the piston 17 and reaches the drill bit 3 through the shank 19 along the string of drill rods 2. Under its influence, the drill bit 3 is introduced into the rock bottom of the well 5 and thereby increases the efficiency of the drilling process .

The technical result of the utility model: reducing noise in the mine and reducing vibration of the drilling tool.

Claims (1)

An underground drilling machine comprising a rotary unit, a tool for feeding the drilling tool to the bottom and an impact unit, characterized in that the impact unit of the machine is made in the form of a shock hydraulic pulse generator, which consists of a hydropulsator with a drive hydraulically interconnected and placed in one housing of the device for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses and a power hydraulic cylinder with a piston, while the hydraulic pulsator is made in the form of a cylinder with a plunger, a device for correcting the shape s hydraulic pulses is a hollow elastic element with a nonlinear characteristic, is filled with liquid and clamped by a spring between the inertial mass and the bottom of the power cylinder and the power cylinder piston is spring loaded and are simply supported on the shank of the drill string.