RU69135U1 - DRILLING MACHINE FOR DRILLING WELLS UNDERGROUND CONDITIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at reducing the noise level in the mine working and vibration of the drilling tool. The specified technical result is achieved in that the shock assembly of the drilling rig is made in the form of a shock hydraulic pulse generator, which consists of a hydraulically coupled hydraulic pulsator with a drive, a device for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses and a power hydraulic cylinder with a piston, while the hydraulic pulsator is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder with a plunger, a device for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses is a hollow elastic element with a nonlinear characteristic, filled with dkostyu and clamped by means of springs between the two inertial masses and the piston of the power cylinder are simply supported on the shank of the drill string.

Description

The utility model relates to combined shock-rotary drilling machines, namely to machines with continuous rotation, and can be used for drilling horizontal and deviated wells in underground mines and quarries.

A device for generating power pulses is known (AS No. 536851, IPC V06V 1/18, B.I. No. 44-1976). The device comprises a housing, a hydro-pulsator drive, which can be a crank, eccentric or other mechanism that provides oscillations of the hydraulic pulser plunger, inertial masses, spring-loaded to the longitudinal side walls of the hollow elastic element (hydraulic hose), which is directly connected to the power hydraulic cylinder and its piston adjacent to the executive or working body. Inertial spring-loaded masses are set so that they can perform transverse vibrations relative to the longitudinal axis of the hollow elastic element. Under the pulsed action of the piston of the power hydraulic cylinder on the actuator, power pulses arise in the latter, which intensify the technological process. The device is intended for use in mining, construction, vibration technology, etc. Its main advantage is the low noise level, due to the absence of colliding parts.

Known rotary hammers with hydraulic, pneumatic and electric drives for driving holes in underground mines (N. S. Rodionov and others. Mining and drilling equipment. M .: Nedra, 1983, S. 53-54. Prototype) . These drilling machines consist of the following three main technological units or mechanisms: a spindle or rotor-type rotational unit, a feed tool for a drilling tool to a face with a hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical drive and a percussion mechanism. In this case, the percussion mechanism consists of a cylinder, a piston (striker, hammer) and a distribution system for a liquid or gaseous medium, through which the piston receives a reciprocating motion. In the process of its movements, the piston strikes the shank of the drill string, as a result of which the efficiency of well penetration increases significantly.

The disadvantages of the above drilling machines are as follows:

- when the piston hits the shank of the drill string in the mine, a strong noise is generated, which negatively affects the working conditions of the workers;

- under the influence of shocks in the string of drill rods, strong vibrations occur that adversely affect the operation of the nodes of the drilling machine and threaded joints of the drill rods.

The task is to reduce the noise level in the mine and the vibration intensity of the drill rods.

This problem is solved as follows. In accordance with the prototype, a drilling rig for underground drilling includes a rotary assembly and a tool for feeding the drilling tool to the bottom hole. According to a utility model, the machine is equipped with a device for generating power pulses. This device consists of a hydropulsator with a drive hydraulically interconnected, a hydraulic pulse device and a power hydraulic cylinder with a piston. In this case, the hydro-pulsator is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder with a plunger, the device for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses is a hollow elastic element with a nonlinear characteristic, filled with liquid and clamped by springs with two inertial masses, and the piston of the power hydraulic cylinder is supported on the shank of the drill rod string.

Further, the essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- figure 1 - the location of the main technological nodes of the machine and the scheme of penetration of the well;

- figure 2 - design of the generator of shock hydraulic pulses;

- figure 3 - the shape of the hydraulic pulse before passing through the corrective device;

- figure 4 - the position of the inertial mass during the passage of the hydraulic pulse (in cross section);

- figure 5 - the position of the inertial masses after the passage of the hydraulic pulse (in cross section);

- figure 6 - the shape of the hydraulic pulse after passing through the corrective device.

A drilling rig for underground drilling includes the following main technological units and mechanisms (Fig. 1):

- rotational unit 1 of the spindle or rotor type. It is designed to impart rotation to the drill string 2 with drill bit 3;

- a feed mechanism 4 with a hydraulic or mechanical drive for feeding the drilling tool as part of the drill string 2 and drill bit 3 to the bottom of the borehole 5;

- generator of shock hydraulic pulses 6.

The generator of hydraulic shock pulses 6 (Fig. 2) consists of a hydraulically connected hydro-pulsator 7, a device for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses 8 and a power hydraulic cylinder 9. The hydro-pulsator 7 is a hydraulic cylinder 10 with a plunger 11 driven by a crank, eccentric or other mechanism 12. The cavity of the cylinder 10 is in communication with the hollow elastic element 13, which is filled with liquid and has a non-linear characteristic. The hollow elastic element 13 by means of springs 14 is sandwiched between two inertial masses 15, as a result of which it acquires an elliptical shape in cross section. In this case, all of the above parts of the device for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses 8 are enclosed in a rigid housing 16. The hollow elastic element 13 is hydraulically connected to the cavity of the power hydraulic cylinder 9, the piston 17 of which is supported on the shank 18 of the drill string 2.

A drilling machine for sinking wells from underground mining works as follows (figure 1). The rotary assembly 1 is driven, as a result of which the drilling tool as a part of the drill string 2 and the drill bit 3 receives rotation. After that, the feed mechanism 4 is turned on, which ensures the advancement of the drilling tool to the bottom of the well 5 and the tight contact of the drill bit 3 with the rock of the face. Then drive the generator of shock hydraulic pulses 6.

When you turn on the actuator 12 of the hydro-pulsator 7, the plunger 11 performs reciprocating movements in the hydraulic cylinder 10 (figure 2). They cause the formation of hydraulic pulses with the shape shown in figure 3, characterized by a smooth increase in the front of the pulses. These hydraulic impulses, in turn, cause forced oscillations of the fluid in the hollow elastic element 13, clamped by the springs 14 by two inertial masses 15. Since the hydraulic pulse in the process of moving along the hollow elastic element 13 overcomes the resistance of the liquid medium, then at the moment of its passage expands (figure 4), which is accompanied by the movement of inertial masses in the radial direction relative to the hollow elastic element 13. After the passage of the hydraulic pulse, the inertial mass 15 under zdeystviem springs 14 back to its initial position (Figure 5). Thus inertial

mass 15 make transverse vibrations, and the frequency of these vibrations is close to the frequency of the forced vibrations of the liquid medium. This means that the plunger 11 of the pulsator 7 and the inertial mass 15 operate at frequencies close to resonant. These two factors - the pressure drop of the fluid at the location of the inertial masses and the resonance phenomena during operation of the hydro-pulsator 7 and inertial masses 15 are accompanied by a change in the shape of the hydraulic pulse. As can be seen from the figure of FIG. 6, the front of the hydraulic pulse acquires a steeper shape, and therefore the impact force of the pulse increases significantly. The generated hydraulic shock impulse enters the hydraulic power cylinder 9, acts on the piston 17 and reaches the drill bit 3 through the shank 18 along the string of drill rods 2. Under its influence, the drill bit 3 is introduced into the rock bottom of the well 5 and thereby improves the efficiency of the drilling process .

The technical result of the utility model: reducing noise in the mine and reducing vibration of the drilling tool.

Claims (1)

A drilling rig for underground drilling, comprising a rotary assembly, a tool for feeding the drilling tool to the bottom and a shock assembly, characterized in that the shock assembly of the drilling rig is made in the form of a shock hydraulic pulse generator, which consists of a hydraulically interconnected hydraulic pulsator with a drive, devices for correcting the shape of hydraulic pulses and a power hydraulic cylinder with a piston, while the hydraulic pulsator is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder with a plunger, a device for correcting and hydraulic pulse shape is a hollow elastic element with a nonlinear characteristic, is filled with liquid and by springs sandwiched between the two inertial masses and the piston of the power cylinder are simply supported on the shank of the drill string.