RU68587U1 - DEVICE FOR CREATING PERFORATION CHANNELS IN A BORE HOLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposal relates to the oil and gas industry, in particular to the field of secondary drilling, by creating perforation channels for the casing of the well. A device for creating perforation channels in a well casing includes a tubular body with a hydraulic cylinder with a liner and a spring-loaded piston placed on it, which are capable of limited axial movement relative to the tubular body 1. The piston is equipped with a wedge-shaped pusher with downflow holes interacting with tool holders with perforating cutters which are placed on the end of the shank with the possibility of radial reciprocating movement under the action of a wedge on the pushrod. One or more additional cylinders with additional pistons that are connected to the piston and mounted so that an annular cavity in communication with the supra-piston cavity of all cylinders can be fixed above the hydraulic cylinder. The overflow openings of the wedge pusher are made in the form of channels made in the upper part of the wedge pusher from the side of its planes interacting with tool holders. The piston is spring loaded upward relative to the hydraulic cylinder and relative to the tube body. The pipe casing is separated by a blank partition, the upper cavity of which is in communication with the annular cavity, and the lower cavity with transfer holes with a piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. The lower cavity of the tube body is also configured to interact with the annular cavity when the spring-loaded piston is moved down. The tool holder with the cutter is equipped with hydraulic monitor channels, made with the possibility of communication with the overflow holes of the wedge pusher, when the lower cavity of the tube body with the annular cavity is in communication. The proposed device allows you to create radial perforation channels in the well with hydrodynamic effects on the annular cement stone and the walls of the well only after their creation of these channels, which increases the efficiency of the secondary opening. 1 cp, 2 ill. for 1 liter

Description

The proposal relates to the oil and gas industry, in particular to the field of secondary drilling, by creating perforations in the casing of the well.

The well-known "Hydromechanical downhole perforator" (patent RU No. 2182221, ЕВВ 43/114, publ. Bull. No. 13 of 05/10/2002), comprising a housing, a retractable cutting tool in the form of a knurled disk, a hydraulic nozzle, a wedge groove with removable plates located at an angle to the axis of the device, the axis of the rolling disk, which is made stepped with a smaller diameter at the ends and is placed in grooves parallel to the wedge groove, while the device is equipped with a hollow rod-filter located in two hydraulic cylinders installed hermetically relative to the other d friend, and the lower hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a spring-loaded piston-pusher, which is made with a central and side hydraulic channels and connected to the axis of the rolling disk by means of two shaped plates in contact with removable plates of the wedge groove, and the wedge groove is removable and mounted in the device with the possibility of sliding along the casing, during operation of the thumb wheel, while the ends of the axis of the thumb wheel are located in the guide grooves of the side plates, which cover the wedge groove, figured plates and akatny disk on both sides, moreover, the jet nozzle is made in the plunger-piston and connected to the side hydraulic channel.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- constant circulation of fluid through the side channel with a hydraulic nozzle, which leads to losses of fluid injected into the cylinders, lower working pressure and, as a result, energy costs, that is, to maintain the working pressure, constant operation of the pump unit is necessary;

- the need for hoisting operations to cut the casing with a running pump unit, which is not safe for staff;

- the presence of large axial variable loads when cutting the casing string into the threads of the string, which is under high pressure, on which this hammer is lowered, which can lead to the destruction of these threads;

- heavy loads on the lifting mechanism (unit) to move the punch when opening the casing.

Also known is a "Device for creating perforation slotted channels" (a.s. SU No. 1776772, ЕВВ 43/114, publ. Bull. No. 43 of 11/23/1992), comprising a housing with a longitudinal channel and inclined grooves, a cylinder with a piston and a cutting tool in the form of cutters pivotally connected to the piston and mounted in inclined grooves with the possibility of movement, while the piston is made annular, and in each cutter a longitudinal channel is made with the possibility of hydraulic communication with the channel of the housing in the extreme upper position of the cutter.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- constant circulation of fluid through the hole in the housing, which leads to losses of fluid injected into the cylinder, lower working pressure and, as a result, energy costs;

- the presence of large axial tensile loads associated with cutting channels in the casing, on the threads of the string, which is under excess pressure and on which the perforator is lowered, which can lead to the destruction of these threads;

- large loads on the lifting mechanism (unit) when opening the casing string.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is “A device for creating perforation channels in the casing of the well” (patent RU No. 2098607, ЕВВ 43/114, publ. Bull. No. 34 from 12/10/1997), including a tubular housing with placed on it a hydraulic cylinder with a spring-loaded piston, a wedge pusher and a tool holder with perforating cutters interacting with the wedge pusher, the piston being made with a shank, the tube body is connected to the shank to transmit reciprocating movement Latter at the lowermost position of the piston, wherein the cylinder is arranged for reciprocating movement relative to the tubular body and the tool holder arranged on the end of the shank.

The disadvantages of this device is the lack of hydraulic erosion annular cement stone and the walls of the borehole after opening the casing.

The technical task of the proposed device is to create a piercing punch with a hydrodynamic effect on the annular cement stone and the walls of the well after creating perforations in the casing to increase the efficiency of the secondary opening.

The technical problem is solved by a device for creating perforation channels in the casing of the well, including a tubular housing with a hydraulic cylinder with a liner and a spring-loaded piston, which are made with the possibility of limited axial movement relative to the tubular housing, the internal space of which is disconnected, while the piston is equipped with a wedge pusher from below with overflow holes interacting with tool holders with perforating cutters, which are placed at the end of the shank with possibility of radial reciprocating movement under the action of wedge pusher.

What is new is that it is equipped with additional cylinders connected from above to the hydraulic cylinder and additional pistons connected from above to the spring-loaded piston and to form an annular cavity communicating with the over-piston cavity of all cylinders between the pipe body and the additional pistons, and the overflow openings of the wedge pusher are made in the form channels made in the upper part of the wedge pusher from the side of its planes interacting with tool holders, and the spring-loaded piston of the additional It is spring-loaded relative to the hydraulic cylinder, and the tube body is disconnected by a blank partition, the upper cavity of which is in communication with the annular cavity, and the lower cavity with the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and transfer holes, and is also made to interact with the annular cavity when the spring-loaded piston moves downward, while the tool holder with the cutter is equipped with hydraulic monitor channels, made with the possibility of communication with the overflow holes of the wedge pusher, when communicating the lower cavity of the pipe body with an annular cavity.

Also new is the fact that the number of additional cylinders sequentially installed above the hydraulic cylinder with additional pistons is at least one.

Figure 1 shows a device with a partial longitudinal section.

Figure 2 shows an enlarged section aa.

A device for creating perforation channels in a well casing includes a pipe body 1 with a hydraulic cylinder 2 with a liner 3 and a spring-loaded piston 4 placed on it, which are made with the possibility of axial movement limited by the upper stop 5 of the pipe body 1. The piston 4 is equipped with a wedge bottom

a pusher 6 with overflow holes 7, interacting with toolholders 8 (see Figure 2) with perforating cutters 9, which are placed at the end of the shank 3 (see Figure 1) with the possibility of radial reciprocating movement under the action of the wedge pusher 6. When this end of the shank 3 can be connected with toolholders 8 using radial guides 10, and the wedge pusher 6 with toolholders 8 (see Figure 2) dovetail connection 11. Above the hydraulic cylinder 2 (see Figure 1) can be fixed one or more complements of flax cylinders 12 with additional pistons 13, which are connected to the piston 4 and are installed so that between the pipe body 1 and the additional pistons 13 there is an annular cavity 14 in communication with the supra-piston cavity 15 of all cylinders 2 and 12. The overflow holes 7 of the wedge pusher 6 are made in the form of channels made in the upper part of the wedge pusher 7 from the side of its planes 16, interacting with toolholders 8. The piston 4 is spring-loaded upward relative to the hydraulic cylinder 2 by a compression spring 17 installed between the lower stop m 18 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the bottom stop 19 of the piston 4, and relative to the tube body 1, a compression spring 20 installed between the top stop 21 of the piston 4 and the stop 22 of the pin 23, which is fixed at the bottom of the tube body 1 and passing through the longitudinal grooves 24 of the piston 4. Tube body 1 is separated by a blank partition 25, the upper cavity 26 of which is connected with the annular cavity 14 by the channel 27, and the lower 28 - with the overflow holes 7 and through the longitudinal grooves 24 with the piston cavity 29 of the hydraulic cylinder 2. The lower cavity 28 of the pipe housing 1 is also made with zhnosti interaction with the annular cavity 14 while moving the spring-loaded piston 4 downwards through technological openings 30 formed in the upper portion of the lower cavity 28. The tool holder 8 (see. Figure 2) with a cutter 9 is equipped with a hydraulic monitor channels 31, made with the possibility of communication due to the inner blind groove 32 of the tool holder 8 with recess holes 7 (see Figure 1) of the wedge pusher 6, when the lower cavity 28 of the pipe housing 1 communicates with the annular cavity 14 Unauthorized fluid flows are excluded due to seals 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, and 38.

The device operates as follows.

The upper stop 5 of the pipe body 1, equipped with a thread 39, the device is attached to the pipe string (not shown in FIG.), On which the device is lowered into the well casing (not shown in FIG.). After descent into the required interval of the well in the pipe string, on which the device was lowered, the pump unit (in Fig. Not shown) creates excess pressure, which is transmitted through the upper cavity 26 of the pipe body 1, channel 27 and the annular cavity 14 into the over-piston cavities 15 of all

cylinders 2 and 12. Since the upper additional cylinder 12 abuts against the stop 5 from the bottom, fixing all cylinders 2 and 12 and the shank 3 relative to the pipe body 1, pistons 4 and 13 with a wedge pusher 6, which extends the toolholders 8 s with their planes 16, move down cutters 9 moving along the radial guides 10 of the shank 3. As a result, the springs 17 and 20 are compressed, and the cutters 8 cut perforation channels in the casing (not shown in FIG.). In this case, the technological holes 30 and seals 36 communicate with the annular cavity 14, and the transfer openings 7 of the wedge-shaped pusher 6 communicate with the hydraulic channels 31 through the groove 32. As a result, the liquid from the upper cavity 26 of the pipe casing 1 passes around the blind partition 25 and passes through the annular cavity 14, the lower cavity 28, the internal cavity 40, the overflow openings 7, the groove 32 and the hydraulic monitor channels 31 are pressurized into the perforation channels, washing the cement stone (not shown in FIG.) From the casing annulus and with creating caverns (not shown in FIG.) in the walls of the well. All this happens after almost complete cutting of the perforation channels.

Despite the fact that when the lower cavity 28 of the pipe housing 1 communicates with the annular cavity 14, the pressure in the supra-piston cavity 15 and the sub-piston cavity 29 of the hydraulic cylinder practically equalize, the maximum departure of the cutters 9 beyond the walls of the casing is provided by the additional (s) cylinder (s) 12 with its pistons, since the maximum force for cutting through the perforation channels is necessary only at the initial moment when all the cylinders are working, before the plastic deformation of the casing string material begins.

The pump unit is turned off, withstand the time until the pressure is equalized, due to the liquid flowing out through the hydraulic monitor channels 31. Then the pipe string with emphasis 5 and the pipe body 1 is pulled up. At the same time, the shank 3, fixed relative to the casing by cutters 9 with toolholders 8, with cylinders 2 and 12 remain in place, and the pipe body 1 rises up to the stop of the finger 23 at the upper edge of the longitudinal grooves 24 of the piston 4, the spring 20 is compressed between the stops 21 and 22. Upon further lifting, the pipe body 1 with the finger 23 carries upward the pistons 4 and 13 with a wedge pusher 6, which, thanks to the connection with the dovetail tool holder 8 (see FIG. 2), extracts the cutters 9 from the casing. In this case, the liquid from the over-piston cavities 15 (see FIG. 1) of the cylinders 2 and 12 is pressed through the transfer openings 7 of the shank 3. Next, the spring 17, unclenched and resting on the lower stop 18 of the hydraulic cylinder 2, returns the pistons 4 and 13 to the lower stop 19 the initial state, and the spring 22 unclenches, retracts the pipe housing 1 with a finger 23

into cylinders 2 and 12 until the upper stop 5 interacts with the upper cylinder 12. The device is ready to create new perforation channels in the casing without removing it to the well surface.

If necessary, the device is transferred to the next interval and the operation cycle is repeated until the required number of holes is obtained.

The proposed device allows you to create radial perforation channels in the well with hydrodynamic effects on the annular cement stone and the walls of the well only after their creation of these channels, which increases the efficiency of the secondary opening.

Claims (2)

1. A device for creating perforation channels in the casing of the well, comprising a tubular housing with a hydraulic cylinder with a liner and a spring-loaded piston, which are made with the possibility of limited axial movement relative to the tubular housing, the internal space of which is disconnected, while the piston is equipped with a wedge pusher with transfer holes interacting with tool holders with perforating cutters, which are placed at the end of the shank with the possibility of radial return nuclear-translational movement under the action of a wedge pusher, characterized in that it is equipped with additional cylinders connected from above to the hydraulic cylinder and additional pistons connected from above to the spring-loaded piston and with the formation of an annular cavity between the pipe body and the additional pistons connected with the over-piston cavity of all cylinders, and the overflow holes of the wedge pusher are made in the form of channels made in the upper part of the wedge pusher from the side of its planes, working with tool holders, moreover, the spring-loaded piston is additionally spring-loaded relative to the hydraulic cylinder, and the tube body is separated by a blank partition, the upper cavity of which is in communication with the annular cavity, and the lower one - with the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and transfer holes, and is also adapted to interact with the annular cavity when moving the spring-loaded the piston down, while the tool holder with the cutter are equipped with hydraulic monitoring channels, made with the possibility of communication with the overflow holes mi wedge pusher, when communicating the lower cavity of the tubular body with an annular cavity. 2. Device for creating perforation channels in the casing of the well, characterized in that the number of additional cylinders sequentially installed above the hydraulic cylinder with at least one additional pistons.