RU68460U1 - FERRY ALL-YEAR ROAD - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, namely to river vessels, in particular to self-propelled floating vehicles for joint transportation at any time of the year through rivers, canals and reservoirs, vehicles, agricultural machinery and passengers. The ferry contains a displacement casing with a screw placed in the bow and / or aft on it with a winding of the blades opposite to the housing’s diametrical plane. this ice cutter is made with the possibility of rotation and promotion to nominal speed, followed by lowering the rotating device into position to interact with the ice cover, and the length of the ice cutter This device is larger than the hull width and for their placement in the fore and aft parts of the ferry, the propulsion devices are installed on board or from both sides with the possibility of the ship operating in shuttle mode. The technical result consists in increasing efficiency, reducing energy costs and power consumption and increasing efficiency. 1 main p. f-ly, 2 add. P. f-ly, 6 Fig.

Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, namely to river vessels, in particular to self-propelled floating vehicles for joint transportation at any time of the year through rivers, canals and reservoirs, vehicles, agricultural machinery and passengers.

The known design of the device for the destruction of the ice cover, containing mounted remote brackets with ice cutters placed on them made in the form of cutters mounted on drive shafts (see USSR patent No. 562182 M. class. ² V 63 V 35/12, 1977 Bull. No. 22).

The disadvantages of this analogue are the low efficiency of the ice cutters due to the lack of a function to clear the channel of ice, the difficulty of installing drives for rotating shafts with cutters and the insecurity of the ice cutters from freezing with heavy ice while the vessel is stationary.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a means for cleaning channels from broken ice "Falcon", containing a displacement casing, in the bow of which there is an ice-transporting element in the form of a screw with a winding of the blades opposite to the housing’s diametrical plane (see a. S. USSR No. 1403525 M. cl. ² B 63 B 35/12 (22) 05/20/86).

The main significant disadvantages of the prototype are the low efficiency of the auger with oncoming winding of the blades due to the lack of ice breaking function, as well as the high energy and power consumption due to the launch of the device under load to rotate the auger placed under water and, in addition, low efficiency caused by the operation of the towed means for cleaning the channel from broken ice when working in shuttle mode, due to the impossibility of co-locating the propeller and auger in the feed the second part of the body.

The aim of the invention is to increase efficiency, reduce energy costs and power consumption, as well as increase efficiency.

This goal is achieved in that in order to increase the efficiency of the screw with the winding of the blades opposite to the housing’s diametrical plane, the screw is made in the form of a multi-blade ice-cutting cutting tool, on which the knives are mounted uniformly along the periphery of the blades along its entire length, and to reduce energy and power consumption, steam equipped with a hoisting drive, with the help of which the ice cutter is pre-positioned in the stowed position with the possibility of its rotation and promotion to nominal revolutions cial idle, followed by lowering the rotating device in the operating position for interaction with the ice cover the whole of its thickness, and length greater than the width ledoreznogo device housing and to accommodate them at the bow and stern of the vessel in order to increase efficiency,

on the ferry movers are installed on board or from both sides with the possibility of the ship operating in shuttle mode.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed year-round steam is characterized by the fact that the auger is made in the form of a multi-blade ice cutter, on which the knives are mounted uniformly along the periphery of the blades along its entire length and equipped with a trip-and-drive drive, while the ice cutter itself is rotatable and untwisting to nominal revolutions initially in idle mode, with the subsequent lowering of the rotating device to the working position for interaction with the ice cover over its entire thickness, the length l the edorezny device is larger than the width of the ferry hull, on which the propulsors are installed on board or from both sides with the possibility of the ship operating in shuttle mode.

Thus, the claimed year-round steam meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

The analysis of not only the prototype and analogue, but also other well-known technical solutions in the studied field of technology allows us to conclude that there are no signs similar to the essential distinguishing features in the inventive year-round ferry, and to recognize the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

The set of essential features specified in the invention directly affects the receipt of a technical result in achieving

set goals in the invention. Thus, between the new set of essential features (in relation to the selected prototype) and the achieved technical result, there is a causal relationship, which indicates the compliance of the claimed technical solution with the criterion of "inventive step".

The industrial applicability of the claimed device is characterized by the possibility of practicing the invention (i.e., using its entire set of features with a known goal to be achieved) to obtain the specific technical effect indicated above.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 - shows a ferry view of the port side;

- figure 2 - shows the plan of the ferry;

- figure 3 - shows the steam in section A in figure 1;

- figure 4 - shows a section bB in figure 3;

- figure 5 - shows a view in figure 4;

- figure 6 shows a variant of the ferry year-round sailing on the basis of the shuttle ferry - electric ship.

The ferry consists of a housing 1 (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4) on it from both sides on the brackets 2 (Fig. 3) mounted rails 3 (Figs. 2, 3), on which slewing devices 4 are mounted (Figs. 2, 3) with outboard motors

5 (FIGS. 1, 2, 3) with propulsors 6 (FIGS. 1, 2) with the possibility of a 180 ° rotation about the vertical axis. On the ferry in the area of the bow and stern, ramps 7 (Figs. 1, 2, 4) are installed for cargo operations (entry and exit of vehicles, agricultural machinery, etc.) and ice-cutting devices 8 (Figs. 1, 2, 3 , 4) including a shaft 9 (Figs. 3, 4) of a screw with a counter-relative to the diametrical plane of the housing 1 (Figs. 2, 3) by winding the blades 10 and 11 (Fig. 3) supported on bearings 12 (Fig. 3) and in rotation mounted by electric motors 13 from both sides (Fig. 4) through a clutch 14 (Fig. 4), a gearbox 15 (Fig. 4) and a chain gear 16 (Fig. 4) with asterisks 17, 18, 19 (figure 4), while the ice-cutting device 8 (figure 2, 3, 4) is made hollow, removable and floating with the possibility of rotation relative to the horizontal axis, has a length greater than the width of the housing 1 (figure 2, 3) and is equipped with knives 20 (figure 5). Bearings 12 (Fig. 3) are placed at the ends of the levers 21 (Fig. 4) of the two-arm levers 22 (Fig. 4), the second ends of the levers 23 (Fig. 4) are connected to the hoisting drives consisting of a rod 24 (Fig. 4) and hydraulic cylinder 25 (Fig. 4), and the two shoulders levers 22 and hydraulic cylinders 25 are pivotally mounted on axes 26 and 27 (Fig. 4) mounted along the sides of the housing 1 (Fig. 4). On the main deck of the ferry there are superstructures in which cabin 28 (Fig. 1) is located on the starboard side to shelter passengers in inclement weather and in the winter season, and on the port side there is a duty room 29 (Fig. 1) for the crew. On the deck of the superstructure 29 made cabin 30 (Fig.1) equipped with a control station. In the area of the outboard motors 5 (Fig.1) installed

removable baffle plates 31 (figure 1) to protect the mover 6 (figure 1) from ice in the winter season.

The ferry operates as follows. At the end of the loading of vehicles and boarding of passengers on the ferry, the ramps 7 (Figs. 1, 2) are lifted from the wheelhouse 30 (Fig. 1), and they are also deployed using pivoting devices 4 (Figs. 2, 3) motors 5 (figures 1, 2, 3) with movers 6 (figures 1, 3), assuming a position corresponding to the intended course of the vessel. After the ferry is moored from the berth, the starter is turned on to start the outboard motors 5, which are turned on and the gas is supplied, propellers 6 are driven into rotation (Figs. 1, 3), which create a pulling force directed toward the forward movement of the vessel. When the ferry approaches the area of continuous ice cover, energy is supplied to the electric motors 13 (Fig. 4) which are the drives of the ice-cutting device 8 (Figs. 3, 4) located in the bow of the hull 1 (Figs. 3, 4). When they are turned on, the rotation of the rotors of the electric motors 13 (Fig. 4) is transmitted to the shaft 9 (Fig. 4) through the clutch 14 (Fig. 4), the gearbox 15 (Fig. 4) and the chain gear 16 (Fig. 4) with asterisks 17, 18 and 19 (FIG. 4), thereby unscrewing at first in the idle mode the screw with the counter-winding of the blades 10 and 11 (FIGS. 3, 5) with the knives 20 mounted on them (FIG. 5) to nominal speeds. Then the rotating ice-cutting device 8 (figure 4) from the stowed position (in the stowed position the device is raised above the water) smoothly lowers into the working position in the interaction

with ice cover over its entire thickness. Lowering is carried out by hoisting drives using hydraulic cylinders 25 (Fig. 4) due to the generated pressure of the working fluid in one of its cavities, driving from the hydraulic cylinders 25 rods 24 (Fig. 4) pivotally connected to levers 23 (Fig. 4) by which the two-arm levers 22 (Fig. 4) are rotated relative to the fixed axes 26 (Fig. 4), making a downward movement of the levers 21 (Fig. 4) at the ends of which, interacting with the bearings 12 (Fig. 3), an ice-cutting device 8 ( figure 3, 4). When the screw rotates, the knives 20 (Fig. 5) mounted on the blades 10 and 11 (Figs. 3, 5) cut and cut ice, turning it into ice crumb, starting from the surface and over the entire thickness of the ice. At the same time, the ice crumb is captured by the rotating screw blades 10 and 11 and transported along the axis of the shaft 9 (Figs. 3, 4) outside the casing 1 (Figs. 3, 4), creating a width of the cut and clean channel from the ice that exceeds the width of the casing 1 (Fig. 2, 3). Moreover, in order to increase the speed of the vessel and reduce energy costs when cutting ice, the axis of the shaft 9 (figure 4) of the screw is located above the surface of the ice sheet. Upon arrival of the ferry to its destination and mooring to the berth, the electric motors 13 (Fig. 4) are turned off, stopping the rotation of the screw, then the ice-cutting device 8 (Fig. 4) is lifted by hoisting-and-dropping drives due to the creation of pressure in the cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 25 (Fig. 4) . When the rods 24 (FIG. 4) move inside the hydraulic cylinders 25, the two shoulders, the levers 22 (FIG. 4) turn and the ice-cutting device 8 occupies the stowed position shown by the dot-dash line (FIG. 4),

providing load-free promotion of the ice-cutting device 8 (Fig. 4), safety from freezing of the ice-cutting device 8 by heavy ice while the ferry is stationary and increasing the speed of the ferry on ice-free water. After this, the ramp 7 (Fig.1, 2) are installed in the working position and unloading and loading of vehicles, agricultural machinery, disembarkation and landing of passengers. At the end of loading and landing on the ferry, the ramps 7 rise, outboard motors 5 (Figs. 1, 2, 3) rotate 180 ° with the propellers 6 (Figs. 1, 3) on the slewing rings 4 (Fig. 2) , 3), taking the position corresponding to the direction of the ferry in the opposite direction. Then, after mooring from the berth, outboard motors 5 and electric motors 13 of the spin drive of the ice-cutting device 8 (Figs. 1, 2) located in the rear of the hull 1 (Figs. 1, 2) are put into operation. After that, the entire technological chain for switching on and controlling ice-cutting devices 8 and outboard motors 5 is repeated when the ferry moves to the opposite bank.

More attractive and expedient for use on river crossings, as one of the options for a year-round ferry, is steam made on the basis of a shuttle ferry - electric ship (Fig.6) (the design of the steam-electric ship is described in the invention protected by RF patent No. 2246420. IPC 7 B 63 B 35/54, 2005 Bull. No. 5).

The year-round sailing ferry (the variant based on the ferry-electric ship) is equipped with current collectors 32 (Fig. 6), by means of which contact wires 33 (Fig. 6) stretched over the river with the help of supports 34 (Fig. 6) are powered by electric motors for driving ice-cutting devices 8 (6) located in the bow and stern parts of the hull 1 (Fig.6) and the electric motor leading to rotation of the traction sheave-mover 35 (Fig.6) of a ferry located on one of the sides of the hull 1 (Fig.6) and interacting with covering guide rope 36 (Fig.6).

The operation of the ferry in ice conditions and the management of ice-cutting devices are identical to the above.

The main significant advantage of this ferry, in addition to the above, is: high efficiency with a low number of staff and the cost of freight, while it is environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly.

The inventive year-round sailing ferries, thanks to the presence of a hoisting drive, in addition to reducing energy costs and power consumption, provides safety and high protection against freezing of ice-cutting devices with heavy ice while the ferry is at a standstill and an increase in the speed of the ferry in clean water by reducing drag, and with the placement of movers useful volumes and cargo areas in the hold space are freed from the ferry, which leads to a sharp

an increase in cargo capacity and cargo transportation productivity, and in addition, an ice-cutting device provides for the careful transportation of cargo when the ferry moves in ice, in contrast to icebreakers, which destroy ice by raids, as is the case in icebreaking practice.

Thus, the use of the claimed invention will significantly improve the technical, economic and operational characteristics.

Claims (3)

1. A year-round steam ferry comprising a water-changing body with a screw located on the nose of the auger with a winding of blades opposed to the diametrical plane of the body; equipped with a trigger and hoist drive, while the ice cutter itself is made with the possibility of rotation and spin up to nominal speed initially in idle mode, followed by lowering the rotating device and in the operating position to interact with the ice cover. 2. The ferry according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the ice-cutting device is greater than the width of the ferry hull. 3. The ferry according to claim 1, characterized in that the propellers are mounted on board from or from both sides with the possibility of the ship operating in shuttle mode.