RU67646U1 - CATALYTIC NEUTRALIZER FOR ICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution is used in engine building and is aimed at better cleaning of exhaust gases and accelerating the internal combustion engine warm-up during cold start and the initial period of engine operation. The catalytic converter contains a housing with double walls and thermal insulation between them, inlet and outlet pipes, partitions, high-temperature and low-temperature porous filters that are placed sequentially inside the housing one after another, dividing it into three parts. In the central part of the housing, a pipe is connected to the inlet pipe and having windows communicating with the cavities formed by the catalytic filters. Inside the pipe there is a rotatable pipe with windows matching in configuration and location with the windows of the outer pipe. In addition, the catalyst is connected to the intake manifold forming a circle of exhaust gas circulation with the receiver, bypass pipes. Solenoid valves are installed on the exhaust pipe of the converter and on the bypass pipe. The pipe of the rotary mechanism of the converter is equipped with a reverse electric drive, and a temperature sensor is also installed in the working cavity of the converter. 1 s.p. f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The solution relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building, and is aimed at better cleaning of exhaust gases and accelerating the heating of ICE during the cold start and the initial period of ICE operation, until the neutralizer reaches the temperature necessary for its effective operation.

A known method of solving the technical problem, according to patent RU No. 2190768 7 F01N 3/28, F02M 25/07, which consists in the fact that the catalytic converter contains a housing with double walls and thermal insulation between them, the inlet and outlet pipes, partitions, high temperature and low-temperature porous filters made of cermet, and the pipe located in the central part of the exhaust gas bypass mechanism with a drive is additionally equipped with a receiver, a bypass valve with bypass pipes, as well as mounted on the outlet m nozzle shut-off valve, wherein the outlet of the catalytic converter is connected to the intake manifold of the engine through the bypass tubes, the receiver and the bypass valve, forming a circle circulation. In this solution, the converter is additionally equipped with a receiver, bypass pipes and a shut-off valve on the exhaust pipe, in addition, the bypass valve with the receiver and pipes connected to the intake manifold and the exhaust pipe of the converter form a circle of exhaust gases, which eliminates the ingress of untreated exhaust gases when starting a cold engine.

The disadvantage of this design is that the shut-off valve, the bypass valve of the receiver and the pipe of the rotary mechanism of the converter are controlled by a mechanical drive, in the absence of information about the operation parameters of the catalytic converter.

The elimination of the above drawback is the basis of the proposed technical solution.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by the drawing (Figure 1), which shows a longitudinal section of the proposed exhaust system.

The proposed Converter contains a housing 1 with double walls 2 and 3; 4 thermal insulation between them. The wall 3 and the end caps 5 and 6, mounted on the flanges 7 and 8 of the body, form the inner cavity 9 of the reactor. The inlet 10 and outlet 11 nozzles with flanges 12 and 13 are fixed on the end caps 5 and 6. Two cone-shaped porous metal-ceramic catalytic filters are arranged in series in the cavity 9 of the reactor:

Ceramic catalytic filter: low temperature 14 and high temperature 15.

The filters are held by cross struts 16 and 17. A pipe 18 is centrally installed in the reactor, which is a continuation of the inlet pipe 10 with windows 19 and 20 located in the cavities 21 and 22 formed by filters and separated by a partition 23. Inside the pipe 18 there is a rotary pipe 24 with windows 25 and 26 matching the windows 19 and 20. In addition, the converter is connected to the intake manifold 36, forming a circle of exhaust gas circulation, with the receiver 30, the bypass pipes 29 and 35. The solenoid valves 33 and 31 are installed on the exhaust pipe 11 and the bypass pipe 29, respectively. The pipe 24 of the rotary mechanism of the converter is equipped with a reverse electric drive 28. A temperature sensor 34 is installed in the working cavity of the converter.

The proposed Converter operates as follows: when starting a cold engine 37, the exhaust gas enters the inlet pipe 10 and through the rotary pipe 24 into the reactor of the Converter 1. Next, through the window 26 of the rotary pipe 24, the gases enter the cavity 21, where they pass through the walls of the low-temperature catalytic porous filter 14 into the general cavity of the reactor, they are purified from soot, products of incomplete combustion and partially from nitrogen oxides. The signal from the temperature sensor 34 installed in the working cavity of the converter is supplied to the control unit 32, which in turn gives the command to: open the electromagnetic valve 31, close the electromagnetic valve 33. Then, through the exhaust pipe 11, the gases enter the receiver 30, where the exhaust accumulates gases and bypass into the intake manifold 36 of the engine 37.

With further operation of the engine, the exhaust gases passing through the converter 1 heat it to the temperature of the corresponding nominal operating temperature. The signal from the temperature sensor 34 is supplied to the control unit 32, which in turn gives the command to open the solenoid valve 33 and close the solenoid valve 31, the rotary pipe 24, by means of an electric actuator 28, is translated into a position that ensures the passage of exhaust gases into the cavity 22.

In this position, the exhaust gases from the engine enter the inlet pipe 10 and through the window 24 enter the cavity 22, then pass sequentially through the walls of the high-temperature catalytic filter 15, enter the cavity 21, pass through the filter 14 and are discharged into the exhaust pipe.

In this case, a more thorough cleaning of the exhaust gases from soot, products of incomplete combustion and nitrogen oxides takes place and no driver intervention is required in the ongoing processes.

When the engine is turned off, the pipe 24, equipped with an electric drive 28, turns into a position corresponding to a cold start.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed catalytic converter has the following advantages: it does not require driver intervention in the ongoing processes, with the lowest labor costs and, more precisely, the converter is transferred from the cold start to the “operating mode”, which will provide better cleaning of the exhaust gases.

Claims (1)

A catalytic converter for an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with double walls and heat insulation between them, inlet and outlet pipes, partitions, high-temperature and low-temperature porous sintered metal filters, a rotary mechanism pipe with a drive located in the central part; receiver, bypass valve with bypass pipes, a shut-off valve mounted on the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe of the catalytic converter is connected to the intake manifold of the engine through the bypass pipes and the bypass valve with the receiver, forming a circulation circle, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a control unit, a temperature sensor installed in the low-temperature cavity of the converter, the electric drive of the pipe of the rotary mechanism and electromagnetic valves installed at the bypass and outlet pipes.