CN112177720B

CN112177720B - Automobile exhaust ternary catalytic device

Info

Publication number: CN112177720B
Application number: CN202011087905.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵平平
Original assignee: Suixi Chuxin Industrial Design Co Ltd
Current assignee: Suixi Chuxin Industrial Design Co., Ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-13
Filing date: 2020-10-13
Publication date: 2021-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-13
Also published as: CN112177720A; CN113374561A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and discloses an automobile exhaust three-way catalytic device which comprises a shell, a liner fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell and a catalyst fixedly sleeved in the liner, wherein a sliding cavity is fixedly arranged on one side of the shell, which is close to an automobile engine, an air outlet is fixedly arranged on the other side of the shell, and an air inlet is fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding cavity. This automobile exhaust ternary catalytic device, start the state through the movable partition and block netted baffle is whole, and the preheater tube import can ventilate, make the circulation in the high temperature tail gas of exhaust can following the preheater tube, make when the car cold start, tail gas does not pass through from the catalyst earlier, but pass through preheating the catalyst from the preheater tube earlier, then improve the catalyst temperature to operating temperature before handling tail gas, then open the movable partition again and make tail gas pass through, all pollutants after with the engine burning are handled entirely, catalytic efficiency is improved.

Description

Automobile exhaust ternary catalytic device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a ternary catalytic device for automobile exhaust.

Background

The automobile is taken as a modern vehicle to bring convenience to human life and work, and simultaneously, the automobile is also a flowing pollution source, with the improvement of automobile holding capacity, the damage of automobile exhaust to the environment is increased day by day, and the method for controlling the emission of the automobile exhaust mainly comprises two steps: firstly, the structure of an automobile engine is optimized, so that gasoline is combusted more fully, and the discharge amount of pollutants is reduced; and secondly, a three-way catalytic conversion device is arranged on the exhaust pipe, and pollutants generated after combustion are catalyzed by a catalyst, so that the emission of the pollutants is reduced. At present, automobiles are all provided with three-way catalysts, when high-temperature automobile exhaust passes through a purification device, the purifying agent in the three-way catalysts can enhance the activity of CO, HC and NOx to promote the three gases to carry out certain oxidation-reduction chemical reaction, wherein CO is oxidized into colorless and nontoxic carbon dioxide gas at high temperature; HC compounds are oxidized at high temperature to water (H20) and carbon dioxide; NOx is reduced to nitrogen and oxygen. Three kinds of harmful gases are changed into harmless gases, so that the automobile exhaust can be purified.

Firstly, the initial working temperature of the catalyst in the three-way catalytic device is 200 ℃, 400-800 ℃ is the optimal catalytic temperature, when the automobile is in cold start, the temperature of the catalytic device is consistent with the external temperature before the catalytic device passes through the tail gas, the temperature of the catalytic device is continuously increased in the period before the tail gas passes through the catalytic device, the catalyst does not reach the working temperature in the period, so that the catalytic device does not play a catalytic effect in the period, and the pollutants in the period are not treated, so that the environment is polluted.

Secondly, when the automobile runs on a congested urban road, the automobile often stops when the automobile stops, the engine of the automobile can generate the condition of incomplete combustion of gasoline, a large amount of carbon particles exist in tail gas after the incomplete combustion of the gasoline, and the carbon particles are gathered at an inlet of a catalytic device along with a tail gas outlet.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a ternary catalytic device for automobile exhaust, which has the advantage of high catalytic efficiency and solves the problems in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the three-way catalytic device for the automobile exhaust comprises a shell, a liner fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell and a catalyst fixedly sleeved in the liner, wherein a sliding cavity is fixedly arranged at one side of the shell, which is close to an automobile engine, a gas outlet is fixedly arranged at the other side of the shell, a gas inlet is fixedly arranged at one side of the sliding cavity, a net-shaped partition plate is fixedly arranged at one side of the shell, which is close to the sliding cavity, a movable partition plate is sleeved at the inner part of the sliding cavity, heat conducting fins are fixedly arranged at both sides of the movable partition plate, one side of each heat conducting fin, which is close to the shell, is extremely close to the net-shaped partition plate, a heat conducting plate is fixedly sleeved at the shell, a preheating pipe is sleeved at the outer part of the heat conducting plate, the preheating pipe is spiral, and an inlet of the preheating pipe is formed in the upper surface of the gas inlet, the preheating pipe is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the air inlet, the preheating pipe is communicated with the air inlet through an inlet of the preheating pipe, a filter screen is fixedly mounted on one side, close to the air inlet, of the inlet of the preheating pipe, a one-way valve located above the filter screen is fixedly mounted inside the preheating pipe, an outlet of the preheating pipe located below the movable partition board is formed in the sliding cavity, and the other end of the preheating pipe is communicated with the outlet of the preheating pipe.

Preferably, the siphunculus has been seted up to movable partition's inside, the siphunculus is located the preheater tube export directly over, the inside of siphunculus is close to upper end department fixed mounting and has the spring, the lower fixed surface of spring installs the mobilizer, the activity has been cup jointed down in the outside activity of going up the mobilizer, the breather pipe that is located the mobilizer below is seted up to the both sides of activity down, go up the mobilizer and cup joint with the activity down in the inside activity of siphunculus, set up the last air channel with breather pipe looks adaptation on the inside of siphunculus, set up the lower air channel that is located the air channel below on the inner wall of siphunculus, go up the inside of mobilizer and activity down and all seted up air pipe, and this air pipe is linked together with the breather pipe.

Preferably, the preheating pipe is tightly wound outside the heat conducting plate, and the preheating pipe adopts a spiral pipeline.

Preferably, the heat conducting fins are made of tungsten-copper alloy, and the materials on the movable partition plate except for the heat conducting fins are only required to be high-temperature-resistant and poor in heat conducting performance.

Preferably, when the movable partition reaches the top of the sliding cavity, the net-shaped partition is completely open, and the width and the thickness of the movable partition are matched with those of the inside of the sliding cavity.

Preferably, high-temperature easily-expandable gas is filled between the upper movable device and the lower movable device, and the upper movable device and the lower movable device can extend in a high-temperature state.

Preferably, after the gas in the upper movable device and the lower movable device is subjected to thermal expansion, when the gas is extended to the longest length, the vent pipe is positioned between the upper vent groove and the lower vent groove, the lower movable device is in a contraction state, the through pipe is positioned on a lower passage of the lower movable device and communicated with an upper passage of the upper movable device through the upper vent groove, and when the spring is stretched, the through pipe is positioned on a lower passage of the lower movable device and communicated with an upper passage of the upper movable device through the lower vent groove.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. this automobile exhaust ternary catalytic device, through when the car cold start, tail gas does not pass through from the catalyst earlier, but pass through preheating the catalyst from the preheater tube earlier, then improve the catalyst temperature to operating temperature before handling tail gas, then open movable partition again and make tail gas pass through, make the tail gas reach operating temperature and even optimum temperature when passing through after the cold start catalyst, then just can catalyze when making tail gas just pass through the catalyst, then all pollutants after burning the engine are handled entirely, and the catalytic efficiency is improved.

2. This automobile exhaust ternary catalytic device conveys the surface of netted baffle through the heat conduction piece with the temperature of tail gas, and there is a large amount of air in the opposite side of netted baffle simultaneously, and the last car starts the carbon granule of gathering on netted baffle surface at this moment and burns under the high temperature condition, makes the carbon granule clear up once after starting every time, guarantees the smoothness nature on netted baffle surface, improves the percent of pass of tail gas, improves the efficiency that catalyst handled tail gas.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a preheating state of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the state of the catalytic exhaust according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 1 at A according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a liner; 3. a catalyst; 4. an air inlet; 5. an air outlet; 6. a mesh-like separator; 7. a sliding cavity; 8. a movable partition plate; 9. pipe passing; 10. a heat conductive sheet; 11. a preheating pipe; 12. a heat conducting plate; 13. an inlet of a preheating pipe; 14. an outlet of the preheating pipe; 15. a filter screen; 16. a one-way valve; 17. a spring; 18. an upper mobilizer; 19. a lower actuator; 20. an air duct; 21. an upper vent channel; 22. a lower vent channel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a three-way catalytic device for automobile exhaust comprises a housing 1, a liner 2 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing 1, and a catalyst 3 fixedly sleeved in the liner 2, wherein a sliding chamber 7 is fixedly mounted on one side of the housing 1 close to an automobile engine, an air outlet 5 is fixedly mounted on the other side of the housing 1, an air inlet 4 is fixedly mounted on one side of the sliding chamber 7, the housing 1, the air inlet 4 and the air outlet 5 are communicated, a reticular baffle plate 6 is fixedly mounted on one side of the interior of the housing 1 close to the sliding chamber 7, the portion of the housing 1 close to the air inlet 4 is a straight pipe, the other side of the housing 1 is a trapezoidal pipe, the sliding chamber 7 is conveniently mounted on the other side of the housing 1, the side of the reticular baffle plate 6 close to the air inlet 4 is communicated with the sliding chamber 7, a movable baffle plate 8 is movably sleeved in the interior of the sliding chamber 7, heat-conducting fins 10 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the movable baffle plate 8, one side of the heat conducting sheet 10 close to the shell 1 is extremely close to the mesh-shaped partition plate 6, one side of the movable partition plate 8 close to the mesh-shaped partition plate 6 is extremely close to one side of the mesh-shaped partition plate 6, and the heat conducting sheet 10 is arranged on two sides of the movable partition plate 8, so that heat brought by tail gas is conducted to the mesh-shaped partition plate 6, the heat conducting plate 12 is fixedly sleeved on the shell 1, the preheating pipe 11 is fixedly sleeved on the outer part of the heat conducting plate 12, the preheating pipe 11 is spiral, the preheating pipe 11 is set to be spiral, so that the flow time of the tail gas is longer when the tail gas passes through the preheating pipe 11, the preheating time of the catalyst 3 is longer, the preheating degree of the catalyst 3 is improved, the preheating pipe inlet 13 is arranged on the upper surface of the gas inlet 4, one end of the preheating pipe 11 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the gas inlet 4, the preheating pipe 11 is, a filter screen 15 is arranged at the inlet 13 of the preheating pipe, after the tail gas enters the preheating pipe 11, because the preheating pipe 11 is in a spiral shape, carbon particles in the tail gas are blocked by the filter screen 15, the preheating pipe 11 is prevented from being blocked, a one-way valve 16 positioned above the filter screen 15 is fixedly arranged in the preheating pipe 11, the one-way valve 16 is arranged, so that the tail gas can only enter the preheating pipe 11 from the inlet 13 of the preheating pipe and cannot come out from the inlet 13 of the preheating pipe after entering the preheating pipe 11, when the tail gas comes out from the outlet 14 of the preheating pipe, the tail gas in the preheating pipe 11 flows backwards due to the blocking of the movable partition plate 8, the outlet 14 of the preheating pipe positioned below the movable partition plate 8 is arranged in the sliding cavity 7, and the other end of the preheating pipe 11 is communicated with the outlet 14 of the preheating pipe.

Wherein, the inside of the movable partition 8 is provided with a through pipe 9, the through pipe 9 is positioned right above the outlet 14 of the preheating pipe and is arranged right below the through pipe 9 through the outlet 14 of the preheating pipe, at this time, the sectional area of the outlet 14 of the preheating pipe is larger than that of the through pipe 9, so that after the tail gas comes out from the outlet 14 of the preheating pipe, the tail gas can directly act on the lower surface of the movable partition 8 to push the movable partition 8 upwards, the inside of the through pipe 9 close to the upper end is fixedly provided with a spring 17, the lower surface of the spring 17 is fixedly provided with an upper movable device 18, the outer side of the upper movable device 18 is movably sleeved with a lower movable device 19, two sides of the lower movable device 19 are provided with vent pipes 20 positioned below the upper movable device 18, gas exists between the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19, so that the distance between the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19 can be continuously changed when the temperature, offer the last air channel 21 with 20 looks adaptations of breather pipe on the inside of siphunculus 9, offer the lower air channel 22 that is located the air channel 21 below on the inner wall of siphunculus 9, through the mutual cooperation of 20, 21, 22, the connectivity of the upper and lower end of control siphunculus 9 controls the lift of movable partition 8, and the inside of going up activity ware 18 and lower activity ware 19 has all been seted up air pipe, and this air pipe is linked together with breather pipe 20.

Wherein, the preheating pipe 11 closely twines in the outside of heat-conducting plate 12, and preheating pipe 11 adopts the helical tube way, and through the spiral of preheating pipe 11 and inseparable winding in the outside of casing 1, heat loss when reducing tail gas and flowing in preheating pipe 11 improves the preheating effect to catalyst 3, increases preheating pipe 11's length simultaneously, increases preheating time, increases tail gas simultaneously and leads to the time from preheating pipe gas outlet 14, improves the elimination effect of carbon particle on netted baffle 6.

Wherein, the material of conducting strip 10 is the tungsten copper alloy, on the activity baffle 8 except that the material of conducting strip 10 be for the poor material of high temperature resistant heat conductivility, the material of conducting strip 10 is the tungsten copper alloy for conducting strip 10 can the at utmost pass to netted baffle 6 surfaces with the temperature of tail gas, avoid the heat-conducting plate 10 to warp because of the high temperature simultaneously, other parts are the not strong material of heat conductivity simultaneously, when preventing that heat-conducting plate 10 from transmitting the heat, the heat runs off.

When the movable partition plate 8 reaches the top of the sliding cavity 7, the net-shaped partition plate 6 is completely opened, the width and the thickness of the movable partition plate 8 are matched with those of the inside of the sliding cavity 7, and the movable partition plate 8 just can slide up and down in the sliding cavity 7 to prevent tail gas from balancing the air pressure of the sliding cavity 7 through other overlarge gaps.

High-temperature and easily expandable gas is filled between the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19, the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19 can extend under the high-temperature state, and the positions of the through pipe 20, the upper vent groove 21 and the lower vent groove 22 are influenced through the expansion of the gas between the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19, so that the position of the movable partition plate 8 is different under the two states of non-starting and starting of the automobile.

When the gas in the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19 expands to the longest length after being thermally expanded, the vent pipe 20 is positioned between the upper vent groove 21 and the lower vent groove 22, the channel below the lower movable device 19 of the through pipe 9 is communicated with the channel above the upper movable device 18 through the upper vent groove 21 when the lower movable device 19 is in a contracted state, and the channel below the lower movable device 19 of the through pipe 9 is communicated with the channel above the upper movable device 18 through the lower vent groove 22 when the spring 17 is stretched.

The theory of operation, when the car cold start, tail gas gets into from air inlet 4, movable partition 8 is located one side of netted baffle 6 and blocks netted baffle 6 is whole this moment, preheating pipe import 13 can allow tail gas to pass through this moment, tail gas gets into in preheating pipe 11 after passing through the filtration of filter screen 15 this moment, and preheating pipe 11 wraps up casing 1 is whole, the heat of tail gas passes through heat-conducting plate 12 and passes to catalyst 3 this moment, improve the temperature of catalyst 3 to operating temperature, and then tail gas flows out from preheating pipe export 14 behind preheating pipe 11.

After tail gas arrives air inlet 4 and arrives one side of activity baffle 8, at first contact conducting strip 10, because conducting strip 10 is made for the material that high temperature resistant heat conductivity is strong, and the distance between netted baffle 6 and the conducting strip 10 is very close, the conducting strip 10 passes to the surface of netted baffle 6 with the temperature of tail gas this moment, and this temperature is higher than the ignition point of carbon particle burning, and the opposite side and the 1 inner chamber intercommunication of casing of netted baffle 6 contain a large amount of air, make the carbon particle on netted baffle 6 surface fully burn this moment.

When the tail gas in the preheating pipe 11 flows out from the preheating pipe outlet 14, the through pipe 9 is arranged above the preheating pipe outlet 14, so that the tail gas is firstly blown out into the through pipe 9, at the moment, the length between the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19 reaches the longest length due to the heated expansion of the gas in the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19, at the moment, the tail gas is blown out, the spring 17 is contracted after the tail gas is blown out, at the moment, the vent pipe 20 is contacted with the inner wall of the through pipe 9, so that the tail gas cannot be discharged from the through pipe 9, at the moment, the movable partition plate 8 starts to move upwards after being pushed by the tail gas, when the inlet amount of the tail gas from the preheating pipe inlet 13 is consistent with the output amount of the preheating pipe outlet 14, at the moment, the movable partition plate 8 is in a balanced state, at the moment, the mesh partition plate 6 is opened after the movable partition plate 8 moves upwards, at the moment, most of the tail gas passes through the mesh partition plate 6 due to the straight-through property of the tail gas, at this time, the bottom of the through pipe 9 rapidly passes through the tail gas, so that the lower end of the through pipe 9 is vacuumized, the tail gas in the through pipe 9 is sucked downwards by the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19, the spring 17 extends to ensure that the through pipe 20 is contacted with the lower vent groove 22, when the tail gas in the through pipe 9 is sucked out, the through pipe 9 is unblocked, so that the gas above the movable partition plate 8 is discharged from the through pipe 9, at this time, the movable partition plate 8 is continuously moved upwards to block the preheating pipe inlet 13 because more and more gas is discharged from the lower part of the through pipe 9, the tail gas does not flow into the preheating pipe 11 from the preheating pipe inlet 13, at this time, the tail gas still exists above the movable partition plate 8, at this time, the vacuum at the bottom of the through pipe 9 still exists, so that the gas above the movable partition plate 8 continuously moves upwards until the tail gas is contacted with the top of the sliding cavity 7, the movable partition plate 8 is sucked at the top of the sliding cavity 7, at the moment, the tail gas enters the catalytic device from the mesh partition plate 6 to be fully catalyzed.

During a period of time after the vehicle stops, since the temperature of the air between the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19 does not completely disappear, the upper movable device 18 and the lower movable device 19 are still in an extended state, the movable partition 8 is still positioned at the top end of the sliding chamber 7, when the temperature drops, the lower movable device 19 retracts, the vent pipe 20 is communicated with the outside through the upper vent groove 21, and the movable partition 8 moves downwards to isolate the mesh partition 6 from the air inlet 4 due to the air pressure balance.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automobile exhaust three way catalyst device, includes casing (1), fixed mounting liner (2) and fixed cover on casing (1) inner wall connect catalyst (3) in liner (2), its characterized in that: the automobile exhaust gas preheating device is characterized in that a sliding cavity (7) is fixedly mounted on one side, close to an automobile engine, of the shell (1), a gas outlet (5) is fixedly mounted on the other side of the shell (1), a gas inlet (4) is fixedly mounted on one side of the sliding cavity (7), the shell (1), the gas inlet (4) and the gas outlet (5) are communicated, a net-shaped partition plate (6) is fixedly mounted on one side, close to the sliding cavity (7), of the interior of the shell (1), a movable partition plate (8) is sleeved on the interior of the sliding cavity (7), heat conducting fins (10) are fixedly mounted on the two sides of the movable partition plate (8), one side, close to the shell (1), of each heat conducting fin (10) is extremely close to the net-shaped partition plate (6), a heat conducting plate (12) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the shell (1), and a preheating pipe (11) is sleeved on the outer portion of each heat conducting plate (12), the preheating pipe (11) is spiral, a preheating pipe inlet (13) is formed in the upper surface of the air inlet (4), one end of the preheating pipe (11) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the air inlet (4), the preheating pipe (11) is communicated with the air inlet (4) through the preheating pipe inlet (13), a filter screen (15) is fixedly installed on one side, close to the air inlet (4), of the preheating pipe inlet (13), a one-way valve (16) located above the filter screen (15) is fixedly installed inside the preheating pipe (11), a preheating pipe outlet (14) located below the movable partition plate (8) is formed inside the sliding cavity (7), and the other end of the preheating pipe (11) is communicated with the preheating pipe outlet (14);

siphunculus (9) have been seted up to the inside of movable partition board (8), siphunculus (9) are located preheating tube export (14) directly over, the inside of siphunculus (9) is close to upper end department fixed mounting and has spring (17), the lower fixed surface of spring (17) installs activity ware (18), the outside activity of going up activity ware (18) has cup jointed down activity ware (19), breather pipe (20) that are located activity ware (18) below are seted up to the both sides of activity ware (19) down, go up activity ware (18) and lower activity ware (19) and cup joint in the inside activity of siphunculus (9), set up last air duct (21) with breather pipe (20) looks adaptation on the inside of siphunculus (9), set up lower air duct (22) that are located last air duct (21) below on the inner wall of siphunculus (9), go up air pipe (18) and the inside of activity ware (19) down and all seted up, and the ventilation pipeline is communicated with the ventilation pipe (20);

high-temperature and easily expandable gas is filled between the upper movable device (18) and the lower movable device (19), and the upper movable device (18) and the lower movable device (19) can extend at a high temperature;

go up activity ware (18) and activity ware (19) interior gas receive thermal expansion after, when extending to longest length, breather pipe (20) are located between last air channel (21) and lower air channel (22), activity ware (19) are under the shrink state down, siphunculus (9) are located activity ware (19) below passageway and are linked together through last air channel (21) and last activity ware (18) top passageway, when spring (17) are tensile, siphunculus (9) are located activity ware (19) below passageway and are linked together through lower air channel (22) and last activity ware (18) top passageway.

2. The automobile exhaust three-way catalyst device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preheating pipe (11) is tightly wound outside the heat conducting plate (12), and the preheating pipe (11) adopts a spiral pipeline.

3. The automobile exhaust three-way catalyst device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat conducting fins (10) are made of tungsten-copper alloy, and the materials except the heat conducting fins (10) on the movable partition plate (8) only need to be high-temperature-resistant materials with poor heat conducting performance.

4. The automobile exhaust three-way catalyst device according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the movable partition plate (8) reaches the top position of the sliding cavity (7), the net-shaped partition plate (6) is completely opened, and the width and the thickness of the movable partition plate (8) are matched with the inside of the sliding cavity (7).