RU65973U1 - HEAD OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CYLINDER (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine A utility model relates to the automotive industry, namely to internal combustion engines and can be used to organize the combustion process of a fuel-air mixture in an internal combustion engine cylinder with external mixture formation and forced ignition. The utility model allows to increase engine efficiency and torque on the crankshaft, as well as reduce the load on the main and connecting rod bearings of the crankshaft. In the head 4 of the internal combustion engine (option 1), containing at least one inlet 5 and one outlet 6 valves, the ignition device 7, new is that in its upper part there is a chamber 8 in the form of a closed cavity open from the cylinder side 1 engine for the selection of the fuel-air mixture from the engine cylinder and its subsequent supply to the engine cylinder, the output of which is installed anti-flaming 9. Option 2 differs from option 1 in that in the chamber 8 for the selection and supply of the fuel-air mixture is located the supply piston 10 , the drive of which is connected by a beam 11 with an additional cam 12 on the camshaft. 2 n.ph.s., 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the automotive industry, namely to internal combustion engines and can be used to organize the combustion of a fuel-air mixture in an internal combustion engine cylinder with external mixture formation and forced ignition.

Known devices for implementing a method of organizing a combustion process in internal combustion engines with forced ignition comprising a fuel-air mixture preparation system (FA) a carburetor, mixer or injector, a cylinder-piston group, a gas intake and exhaust system, and an ignition system (Tour E.Ya. et al. Automobile device, Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1991, p.13-15). In these devices, a method of organizing the combustion process in an internal combustion engine cylinder is used, in which the entire volume of the fuel-air mixture in the cylinder, which is necessary for a full working cycle, is ignited in the compression dead zone near the top dead center (TDC). In this case, the engine duty cycle almost corresponds to the heat supply cycle at V = const.

A disadvantage of the known engine is that the feed system ensures that the working volume of the cylinder is filled with the volume of the fuel-air mixture necessary for a full duty cycle, which is ignited by the ignition system in the vicinity of the TDC. As a result, there is a sharp increase in pressure in the cylinder, small loads on the crank mechanism (Crankshaft), and these loads do not create torque on the crankshaft. Torque increases with the crankshaft moving from TDC at an angle of 90 °, but the pressure in the cylinder drops sharply. Further, when moving to bottom dead center (BDC), both torque and pressure in the cylinder continue to fall, which reduces engine efficiency.

Excessive load on the piston and crankshaft in the TDC area (useless from the point of view of torque on the engine shaft) has a negative effect on the connecting rod and main bearings of the engine crankshaft, and, consequently, the engine resource is reduced.

The technical result, which the proposed utility model is aimed at, is to increase the engine efficiency and torque on the crankshaft, as well as to reduce the load on the main and connecting rod bearings of the crankshaft, due to the organization of the combustion process in the engine cylinder.

The technical result (option 1) is achieved by the fact that in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine containing at least one inlet and one exhaust valve, an ignition device, it is new that at least one chamber is installed in its upper part in the form of a closed cavity open from the side of the engine cylinder to select the fuel-air mixture from the engine cylinder and then supply it to the engine cylinder, anti-flaming is installed at the outlet of the chamber.

The technical result (option 2) is achieved by the fact that in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine containing at least one inlet and one exhaust valve, the ignition device, new is that at least one chamber is installed in its upper part in the form of a closed cavity open from the side of the engine cylinder for the selection of the fuel-air mixture from the engine cylinder and its subsequent supply to the engine cylinder, in which the feed piston is located, the drive of which is connected by an arm to an additional cam a camshaft, and the output chamber set antiflaming.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the internal combustion engine (option 1).

Figure 2 shows a diagram of the internal combustion engine (option 2).

Here: 1 - engine cylinder; 2 - engine piston; 3 - crank mechanism; 4 - cylinder head; 5 - inlet valve; 6 - exhaust valve; 7 - ignition device; 8 - chamber selection and feed

fuel-air mixture; 9 - antiflaming; 10 - head piston; 11 - rocker; 12 - an additional cam.

The internal combustion engine contains a working cylinder 1 with a piston 2 and a crank mechanism 3, a camshaft with cams (not shown in the figure).

The head 4 of the internal combustion engine (option 1) contains inlet 5 and exhaust 6 valves, an ignition device 7. In the upper part of the head 4 there is a chamber 8 in the form of a closed cavity open from the cylinder 1 of the engine to select the fuel-air mixture from the cylinder 1 of the engine and its subsequent supply to the cylinder 1 of the engine, the output of which is installed anti-flaming 9.

According to option 2, a feed piston 10 is located in the chamber 8 for selection and supply of the fuel-air mixture, the drive of which is connected by the beam 11 to the additional cam 12 on the camshaft.

For a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the head 4 has several inlet 5 and how many exhaust 6 valves, as well as several chambers 8, the number of which is determined by the number of cylinders 1.

The internal combustion engine according to option 1 operates as follows. In the suction stroke, when the engine piston 2 moves down, the fuel-air mixture fills the engine cylinder 1 and at the same time the fuel assembly selection and supply chamber 8 located on the top of the cylinder 4 head 4 is filled. In the compression stroke, when the engine 2 piston moves up into the chamber 8 fuel-air mixture continues to flow. After the ignition device 7 is activated, ignition occurs in the area of the top dead center of the fuel-air mixture in the engine combustion chamber, and the anti-flaming grid 9 does not pass the flame into the selection and supply chamber 8. In the stroke of the stroke, when the engine piston 2 moves down, fresh air fuel the mixture from the chamber 8 under the action of the difference

pressure begins to flow into the cylinder 1 of the engine, continuing the combustion process.

The internal combustion engine according to option 2 operates as follows. In the suction stroke, when the piston 2 of the engine moves down, the piston 10 of the fuel extraction and supply chamber 8 of the fuel assembly 1 moves upward, filling the chamber 8 with a fresh mixture. In the compression stroke, when the piston of the engine 2 moves up, the piston 10 is in the upper position and the fuel-air mixture continues to flow into the chamber 8.

After the ignition device 7 is activated, ignition occurs in the region of the top dead center of the fuel-air mixture in the engine combustion chamber, and the flame retardant grid 9 does not pass into the chamber 8 for selection and supply.

In the stroke of the stroke, when the piston 2 moves down, the piston 10 starts to move down. At the same time, a fresh mixture from the chamber 8 begins to flow into the cylinder 1 of the engine, continuing the combustion process. The piston 10 reaches the lower position before the piston 2.

In the exhaust stroke, when the piston 2 moves up, the piston 10 is in the lower position. The above law of movement of the piston 10 is ensured by the corresponding profiling of the additional cam 12 on the camshaft of the engine, which through the rocker 11 provides its movement. When suction, the fuel-air mixture enters the working volume of the cylinder. When compressed, the mixture is distributed in the combustion chamber of the engine, and part of it is taken into the chamber 8 for selection and supply of the mixture communicated with the cylinder 1 of the engine through anti-flaming 9. The volume of the combustion chamber is determined by the required initial pressure in the cylinder at the moment of ignition in the combustion chamber.

The ignition of the unselected, the main part of the fuel-air mixture is carried out when the piston 2 is at top dead center. Grid-anti-flaming 9 installed at the outlet of the chamber 8 selection and supply

fuel-air mixture, does not allow ignition of the selected fuel-air mixture contained in it.

As the piston 2 moves from TDC from the selection and supply chamber, the supply of the selected fuel-air mixture to the engine combustion chamber begins. In this case, an internal combustion engine operating cycle close to P = const will be implemented, unlike the current V = const.

Thus, a consistent supply of fresh fuel-air mixture during combustion is ensured, which increases the engine efficiency and torque on the crankshaft and, in addition, the loads on the main and connecting rod bearings of the crankshaft are reduced.

Claims (2)

1. The cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one inlet and one exhaust valve, an ignition device, characterized in that at least one chamber is installed in its upper part in the form of a closed cavity open from the side of the engine cylinder , for the selection of the fuel-air mixture from the engine cylinder and its subsequent supply to the engine cylinder, anti-flaming is installed at the outlet of the chamber. 2. The cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one inlet and one exhaust valve, an ignition device, characterized in that at least one chamber is installed in its upper part in the form of a closed cavity open from the side of the engine cylinder , for the selection of the fuel-air mixture from the engine cylinder and its subsequent supply to the engine cylinder, in which the piston is located, the drive of which is connected by an arm with an additional cam on the camshaft, and an flamingos.