RU65097U1 - MECHANICAL SHOCK ABSORBER - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposal relates to drilling equipment, and in particular to devices for damping radial and axial vibrations that occur in a drill string under stress. arising when drilling a well. This device can be used when drilling vertical, horizontal and directional wells for oil and gas by any known method. The mechanical shock absorber comprises a housing, in the lower part of which there is a shaft forming with a nut, which interacts with it through a spline connection, a gap and a metal ring mounted above the spline connection. A compression spring is mounted on the metal ring in the annular space between the housing and the shaft. The shaft is equipped with a stroke limiter for the compression spring made in the form of an annular protrusion on the outer surface of the shaft. Inside the housing, a shock absorber is installed at its upper end. To connect the mechanical shock absorber with the elements of the drill assembly, a connecting thread is made on the top for connecting to, for example, a drill string (UBT), and a connecting thread is made on the shaft below for connecting, for example, a chisel or calibrator. The proposed mechanical shock absorber has a simple design, and due to the lack of a hydraulic chamber, it is less demanding on control and maintenance, which reduces the material and financial costs of its manufacture and maintenance. 1 ill. for 1 liter

Description

The proposal relates to drilling equipment, and in particular to devices for damping radial and axial vibrations arising in the drill string under loads arising from drilling a well. This device can be used when drilling vertical, horizontal and directional wells for oil and gas by any known method.

Known shock absorber (patent RU 2015294, IPC 7 ЕВВ 17/17, 06/30/1994), comprising a housing, a stepped shaft located therein, forming a splined cavity and a closed splined cavity with its larger stage. A smaller shaft stage forms a cavity with the housing for accommodating an elastic element made in the form of rows of rubber balls located between metal disks. Between the spline cavity and the cavity for the location of the elastic element is a hydraulic discharge chamber, in communication with the annulus of the channels.

The disadvantage of this design of the shock absorber is the presence of a hydraulic discharge chamber, which is filled with drilling fluid, adversely affecting the rubber elements, and erodes the internal cavity of the shock absorber.

The closest in technical essence is a hydromechanical shock absorber (patent RU 2255197, IPC 7 ЕВВ 17/07, published in Bulletin No. 18 dated 06/27/2005), comprising a housing, in the lower part of which there is a shaft forming with a nut, which interacts with it through a spline connection, a gap, rows of shock-absorbing rubber elements in the form of balls, which are separated by metal rings, are located inside the lower part of the body, while at the top of the lower part of the body with shock-absorbing elements there is a piston forming with a shaft and upper part of the housing, an airtight hydraulic chamber designed to create additional shock-absorbing ability and filled with diesel oil, which is fed through hydraulic flows located in the upper part of the housing.

The disadvantage of this design of the shock absorber are:

firstly, the complexity of the design due to the large number of nodes and parts (hydraulic chambers, hydraulic flows, piston with a sealing element, shock-absorbing elements made in the form of rubber balls).

secondly, it is necessary to constantly monitor both the wear and tear of shock absorbing elements made in the form of rubber balls, and the hydraulic chamber, which requires constant maintenance and monitoring of its condition, filling with oil (diesel fuel) and monitoring of its leaks.

The objective of the utility model is to simplify the design, as well as the lack of constant monitoring and maintenance of the shock absorber without losing its efficiency.

The problem is solved by a mechanical shock absorber containing a housing, in the lower part of which there is a shaft forming with a nut, which interacts with it through a spline connection, a gap, a metal ring.

What is new is that a compression spring is installed on the metal ring in the annular space between the housing and the shaft, while the shaft is equipped with a compression spring travel stop made in the form of an annular protrusion on the outer surface of the shaft, and a shock absorber is installed inside the housing on its upper end.

The figure shows the proposed mechanical shock absorber.

The mechanical shock absorber comprises a housing 1, in the lower part of which there is a shaft 2 forming with a nut 3, which interacts with it through a spline connection 4, a gap 5 and a metal ring 6 mounted above the spline connection 4. On a metal ring 6 in the annular space between the housing 1 and a compression spring 7 is installed on the shaft 2. Shaft 2 is equipped with a stroke limiter for the compression spring 7, made in the form of an annular protrusion 8 on the outer surface of the shaft 2. Inside the housing 1, a shock absorber 9 is installed at its upper end.

To connect the mechanical shock absorber with the elements of the drilling assembly, a connecting thread 10 is made for connecting, for example, with a drill string, for example, with a drill string, and a connecting thread 11 for connecting, for example, with a chisel or calibrator, is made from below on the shaft 2.

Unauthorized fluid flows during operation are excluded by the sealing element 12.

Mechanical scraper works as follows.

The mechanical scraper assembly is included in the drilling assembly and mounted above the bit or calibrator (not shown in FIG.). During drilling, the rotation from the higher sections of the drill collar is transmitted through the housing 1 and the nut 3 by means of a spline connection 4 to the shaft 2, which also rotates, while under load on the bit, the compression spring 7 transfers force from the higher sections of the drill collar to the bit, and at the same time

time perceive the reverse force, which varies from the magnitude of the pressure that must be created for the effective destruction of rocks.

Compression spring 7 constantly, as the load on the bit changes, experiences various alternating loads. In case of excessive loads during the drilling process in order to prevent breakage of the compression spring 7 and failure of the mechanical shock absorber, the stroke limiter of the compression spring 7 is made in the form of an annular protrusion 8 on the outer surface of the shaft 2, while the shock absorber 9 is installed inside on the upper the end of the housing 1 dampens shock loads on the bit.

The proposed mechanical shock absorber has a simple design, and due to the lack of a hydraulic chamber, it is less demanding for control and maintenance. which allows to reduce material and financial costs for its manufacture and maintenance.

Claims (1)

A mechanical shock absorber comprising a housing, in the lower part of which there is a shaft forming with a nut that interacts with it through a spline connection, a gap, a metal ring, characterized in that a compression spring is installed on the metal ring in the annular space between the body and the shaft, while the shaft is equipped with a stroke limiter of the compression spring, made in the form of an annular protrusion on the outer surface of the shaft, while a shock absorber is installed inside the housing on its upper end.