CN210714464U - Drilling bit pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling - Google Patents
Drilling bit pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN210714464U CN210714464U CN201921035242.9U CN201921035242U CN210714464U CN 210714464 U CN210714464 U CN 210714464U CN 201921035242 U CN201921035242 U CN 201921035242U CN 210714464 U CN210714464 U CN 210714464U
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Abstract
A drilling pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling comprises a lower joint main body and an upper joint main body, wherein the lower joint main body comprises an external thread structure at the lower end, a shoulder and a neck, the shoulder is a cylindrical structure, the neck structure is arranged at the central position of the cylindrical structure, a large hole and a small hole are arranged on the annular surface of the cylindrical structure at equal intervals, an internal thread structure matched with a drill rod lower joint is arranged at the upper end of the upper joint main body, the lower end of the upper joint main body is a shoulder structure, an annular structure is arranged outside the lower end, a lower joint main body end cover is arranged on the upper end surface of the lower joint main body, the upper joint main body and the lower joint main body can generate relative displacement along the axial direction, the maximum relative displacement of the upper joint main body and the lower joint main body can be limited along the axial direction by the lower joint main body shoulder and the lower joint main body end cover, and, and has the characteristics of simple structure and easy realization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an oil, natural gas drilling technical field, in particular to horizontal well drilling weight compensator.
Background
The bit pressure is the main factor influencing the drilling speed and the service life of a drill bit in the horizontal well drilling process. If the weight-on-bit is too low downhole, the drilling rate may be reduced. If the bit is worn seriously due to the excessive drilling pressure at the bottom of the well, the broken teeth of the bit can be caused. Thus, a stable weight on bit may increase the rate of penetration and bit life. However, during the drilling process of the horizontal well, the bottom hole drilling pressure with large friction resistance between the horizontal section and the bending section is difficult to control. Most of the existing drilling machines control the stability of the drilling pressure on the well, and the drilling pressure at the well bottom can not be accurately controlled due to the long drill rod and the complex condition at the well bottom, so that the floating of the drilling pressure at the well bottom is large. Therefore, a bit pressure compensation device is required to be designed for stabilizing the bit pressure at the bottom of the well, and the drilling efficiency of the horizontal well is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, an object of the utility model is to provide a horizontal well drilling weight compensator, but transmission moment of torsion, transmission pulling force, compensation weight on bit and sealed, the device can compensate the weight on bit in transmission moment of torsion and pulling force to there is simple structure, the characteristics of easily realizing.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is:
the utility model provides a horizontal well drilling weight compensator, includes lower clutch main part 12 and top connection main part 1, lower clutch main part 12 and top connection main part 1 between the cooperation transmission moment of torsion, lower clutch main part 12 includes external screw thread structure, shoulder and the neck of lower extreme, the shoulder be cylindrical structure, be located cylindrical structure central point and put and be provided with the neck structure, cylindrical structure annular face on equidistant two macropores and eight apertures that are provided with, two macropores are just to distributing, all the other apertures evenly distributed in annular face, top connection main part 1 upper end be with drilling rod lower clutch complex inner thread structure, the lower extreme is shoulder structure, the lower extreme outside is provided with annular structure, lower clutch main part 12 up end installation bottom connection main part end cover 3, top connection main part 1 can follow the axial with lower clutch main part 12 and produce relative displacement, lower clutch main part 12 shoulder and lower clutch main part end cover 3 can follow the biggest of axial restriction top connection main part 1 with lower clutch main part 12 And (3) relative displacement, a weight on bit compensator 11 and a shock absorber 10 are arranged between the lower joint main body 12 and the upper joint main body 1, the weight on bit compensator 11 is arranged in the small hole, and the shock absorber 10 is arranged in the large hole.
The neck of the lower joint main body 12 passes through the center of the upper joint main body 1, and the neck of the lower joint main body 12 is matched with the neck of the upper joint main body 1.
The lower joint main body end cover 3 is fixed at the upper end of the lower joint main body 12 through the first bolt 2, and the lower joint main body end cover 3 can bear tension along the axial direction.
The weight on bit compensator 11 comprises a first cylinder 16, a plunger 19 is arranged in the first cylinder 16, a plunger lower end cover 18 is arranged at the lower part of the plunger 19, the plunger lower end cover 18 is arranged at the lower end of a spring 22, the spring 22 is arranged in the plunger 19 and is in a compression state, the upper end of the plunger 19 is fixed with a plunger upper end cover 23 through threads, the plunger upper end cover 23 is assembled in a lower end face hole of an upper joint main body 1 and is fixed on the upper joint main body 1 through a second bolt 7, the first cylinder 16 is fixed on a lower joint main body 12 through a third bolt 8, and the upper end of the first cylinder 16 is a first cylinder end cover 20.
A first sealing element 21 is arranged between the first cylinder end cover 20 and the plunger 19, and a second sealing element 17 is arranged between the plunger lower end cover 18 and the plunger 19.
The plunger 19 is of a cylindrical shape.
The shock absorber 10 comprises a second cylinder 24, a piston 25 is arranged inside the second cylinder 24, the piston 25 is mounted on a piston rod 32 and fixed through a fourth bolt 29, a valve 28 is mounted on the piston 25, a second cylinder end cover 30 is arranged at an opening of the second cylinder 24, a third sealing element 31 is mounted on the second cylinder end cover 30, the second cylinder 24 is mounted in a large hole of the lower joint main body 12 and fixed through a fifth bolt 9, and the piston rod 32 is mounted in a hole in the lower end face of the upper joint main body 1 and fixed through a sixth bolt 6.
A third sealing element 31 is arranged between the second cylinder end cover 30 and the piston rod 32, and a fourth sealing element 26 is arranged between the piston 25 and the second cylinder 24.
And a fifth sealing element 15 is arranged between the lower joint main body end cover 3 and the upper joint main body 1.
The sealing sleeve 14 is of a cylindrical structure, the outer side of the upper portion of the sealing sleeve is of a circular ring structure, the circular ring structure is connected with the circular ring structure of the upper connector main body 1 through the seventh bolt 4 and the nut 5, and the sixth sealing element 13 is installed on the sealing sleeve 14 and can be matched with the lower connector main body 12 to form sealing.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model designs a drilling pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling on the basis of compensating the drilling pressure at the well bottom while transmitting torque, tension and pressure; the design can compensate the bit pressure when the bit pressure at the bottom of the well is more than or less than the optimal bit pressure for drilling by the drill bit; the damping device can reduce the vibration of the down-hole drilling tool assembly in the process of compensating the bit pressure and protect the drill bit from normally drilling;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drilling pressure compensation device for horizontal well drilling.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a weight-on-bit compensator.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a weight on bit compensator configuration.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the damper structure.
Figure 5 is a side view of the damper structure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper joint body.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower connector body.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a sealing sleeve construction.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the drilling pressure compensation device for horizontal well drilling comprises a torque transmission system, a tension transmission system, a drilling pressure compensation system, a damping system, a sealing system and the like, which form an organic whole.
The torque transmission system is composed of a lower joint body 12 and an upper joint body 1. The neck of the upper joint body 1 is shaped like an internal spline (as shown in fig. 6), the neck of the lower joint body 12 is shaped like an external spline (as shown in fig. 7), the neck of the lower joint body 12 passes through the center of the upper joint body 1 and is engaged with the neck of the upper joint body 1, and the neck of the lower joint body 12 is longer than the neck of the upper joint body 1. The upper joint body 1 and the lower joint body 12 can transmit torque after being matched and can generate relative movement along the axial direction.
The tension transmission system comprises a lower joint main body 12, a lower joint main body end cover 3 and an upper joint main body 1. After the lower joint main body 12 is assembled with the upper joint main body 1, the lower joint main body end cover 3 is assembled at the upper end of the lower joint main body 12 and fixed through the first bolt 2, and the lower joint main body end cover 3 and the shoulder part of the upper joint main body 1 can limit the relative displacement between the upper joint main body 1 and the lower joint main body 12 along the axial line and bear the tensile force along the axial direction.
The weight-on-bit compensation system comprises a lower joint body 12, an upper joint body 11 and a weight-on-bit compensator 11. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the weight on bit compensator is composed of a plunger 19, a spring 22, a plunger upper end cover 23, a first cylinder 16, a first cylinder end cover 20, a plunger lower end cover 18 and a second sealing element 17. The plunger lower end cover 18 is arranged at the lower end of a spring 22, and the spring 22 is arranged in the plunger 19 and is in a compressed state and can generate a certain pressure. The plunger upper end cover 23 is fixed to the upper end of the plunger 19 through threads, and the plunger upper end cover 23 is assembled in a lower end face hole of the upper joint main body 1 and fixed to the upper joint main body 1 through a second bolt 7. The first cylinder 16 is fixed to the lower joint main body by a third bolt 8. Before installation, the first cylinder 16 of the weight on bit compensator 11 is filled with gas with certain pressure, the weight on bit compensator 11 is in a stretching state, and the upper joint body 1 and the lower joint body 12 have maximum relative displacement in the axial direction. The weight on bit compensator 11 is compressed by the axial pressure during drilling. When the bit pressure of the drill bit is smaller, the gas in the first cylinder 16 expands, the bit pressure compensator expands, and the first cylinder 16 generates downward thrust to the lower connector body 12 to compensate the bit pressure of the drill bit. When the bit pressure of the drill bit is larger, the bit pressure compensator 11 is compressed, when the pressure of gas in the first cylinder 16 is increased, and when the pressure of the gas in the first cylinder 16 on the lower end cover 18 of the plunger is larger than the pressure of the spring 22 on the lower end cover 18 of the plunger, the lower end cover 18 of the plunger moves upwards along the axis of the plunger 19, the space occupied by the gas in the first cylinder 16 is increased, the pressure of the gas in the first cylinder 16 is reduced, and the pressure transmitted by the bit pressure compensator 11 to the lower connector main body 12 is reduced, so that the bit pressure is reduced.
The shock absorbing system comprises a lower joint body 12, an upper joint body 1 and a shock absorber 10, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the shock absorber comprises a piston rod 32, a piston 25, a valve ①, a valve ② 28, a spring 27, a second cylinder 24, a second cylinder end cover 30, a third sealing element 31 and a fourth sealing element 26, wherein the piston 25 is mounted on the piston rod 32 and fixed through a fourth bolt 29, the valve ① and a valve ② 28 are mounted on the piston 25, the third sealing element 31 is mounted on the second cylinder end cover 30 and forms a seal with the piston rod 32, the second cylinder 24 is mounted in a large hole of the lower joint body 12 and fixed through a fifth bolt 9, the piston rod 32 is mounted in a lower end hole of the upper joint body 1 and fixed through a sixth bolt 6, when the compensating device vibrates axially, the piston rod 32 moves downwards, the lower chamber pressure in the second cylinder 24 increases, the valve ① opens, the lower chamber flows to the upper chamber through a small hole ①, and when the piston rod moves axially, hydraulic oil generates resistance when the piston rod moves upwards through a small hole ②, hydraulic oil resistance is generated by the small cylinder ②.
The sealing system comprises a lower connector body 12, a sealing sleeve 14, a sixth sealing element 13, an upper connector body 1, a lower connector body end cover 3, a fifth sealing element 15, a first cylinder end cover 20, a plunger 19, a first sealing element 21, a plunger lower end cover 18, a plunger 19, a second sealing element 17, a piston rod 32, a second cylinder end cover 30, a third sealing element 31, a piston 25, a second cylinder 24 and a fourth sealing element 26. The sealing sleeve 14 is connected with the lower joint main body 12 through the seventh bolt 4 and the nut 5, and the sixth sealing element 13 is installed on the sealing sleeve 14 and can form sealing by being matched with the lower joint main body 12, so that drilling fluid in an annular space is prevented from entering a sealed cavity formed by the sealing sleeve 14 and the lower joint main body 12. The fifth sealing element 15 is mounted to the lower sub body end cap 3 and cooperates with the upper sub body 1 to form a seal to prevent drilling fluid in the drill pipe from entering the neck region where the upper and lower sub bodies 1, 12 cooperate. A first sealing element 21 is mounted to the first cylinder end cap 20 and cooperates with the plunger 19 to form a seal against gas leakage from within the cylinder 16. The second sealing element 17 is mounted on the lower end cover 18 of the plunger and cooperates with the plunger 19 to form a seal, preventing the gas in the first cylinder 16 from entering the plunger 19 and causing gas leakage. The third sealing element 31 is mounted to the second cylinder end cap 30 and cooperates with the piston rod 32 to form a seal that prevents leakage of hydraulic oil from the second cylinder 24. The fourth sealing element 26 is mounted on the piston 25 and cooperates with the second cylinder 24 to form a seal for isolating hydraulic oil in the upper and lower chambers of the second cylinder 24.
The plunger 19 is of a cylinder shape, a spring 22 is arranged in the plunger 19, a plunger lower end cover 18 is arranged at the lower end of the spring 22, and the plunger lower end cover 18 can slide up and down along the axis of the plunger 19.
The lower end external thread of the lower joint main body 12 can be matched with the upper joint of the drill rod.
The internal thread of the upper end of the upper joint main body 1 can be matched with the lower joint of the drill rod.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7: lower clutch main part 12 and top connection main part 1 between the cooperation transmission moment of torsion, lower clutch main part 12 includes external screw thread structure, shoulder and the neck of lower extreme, the shoulder be cylindrical structure, be located cylindrical structure central point and put and be provided with the neck structure, cylindrical structure toroidal surface on equidistant 2 macropores and 8 apertures that are provided with, 2 macropores are located just to the distribution, all the other apertures evenly distributed in toroidal surface. The upper end of the upper joint main body 1 is of an internal thread structure matched with the lower joint of the drill rod, the interior of the lower end is of a shoulder structure, a groove is formed in the shoulder structure and is similar to an internal spline, and an annular structure is arranged outside the lower end. Lower clutch body end cover 3 is installed to lower clutch body 12 up end, and axial production relative displacement can be followed to top clutch body 1 and lower clutch body 12, and the biggest relative displacement of top clutch body 1 and lower clutch body 12 can be followed to axial restriction with lower clutch body end cover 3 in the shoulder of lower clutch body 12, installs between lower clutch body 12 and the top clutch body 1 and bores pressure compensator 11 and bumper shock absorber 10, and it installs inside the aperture to bore pressure compensator 11, and bumper shock absorber 10 installs inside the macropore.
As shown in fig. 1 and 8: sealing sleeve 14 be the tubular structure, the bottom outside is the ring shape structure, the ring shape structure links to each other through seventh bolt 4 and nut 5 with the ring shape structure of top connection main part 1, sixth sealing element 13 installs in sealing sleeve 14 and can form sealedly with the cooperation of lower clutch main part 12.
The utility model discloses the theory of operation:
in the drilling bit pressure compensation device for horizontal well drilling, a first cylinder 16 of a bit pressure compensator 11 is fixed on a lower joint main body 12 through a third bolt 8, and a plunger end cover 23 is fixed on an upper joint main body 1 through a second bolt 7. Before the bit pressure compensator 11 is installed, the first cylinder 16 is filled with gas under certain pressure, the bit pressure compensator 11 is in an extension state, and the bit pressure compensator 11 is in a compression state under pressure due to axial bit pressure during drilling. The spring 22 in the plunger 19 is always in a compressed state in the drilling process, and the thrust of the spring 22 to the plunger lower end cover 18 is higher than the thrust of the gas in the first cylinder 16 to the plunger lower end cover 18 at the beginning. When the bit pressure borne by the drill bit is less than the optimal bit pressure drilled by the drill bit, the axial bit pressure borne by the bit pressure compensator 11 is reduced, the gas in the first cylinder barrel 16 expands, and the first cylinder barrel 16 pushes the lower joint main body 12 to move downwards so as to compensate the bit pressure of the drill bit. When the bit pressure borne by the drill bit is greater than the optimal bit pressure drilled by the drill bit, the bit pressure compensator 11 bears the axial bit pressure and increases, the gas in the first cylinder 16 is pressurized, the gas pressure increases, at the moment, the thrust of the gas in the first cylinder 16 to the lower end cover 18 of the plunger is greater than the thrust of the spring 22 to the lower end cover 18, the lower end cover 18 of the plunger moves upwards along the axis of the plunger 19, the volume occupied by the gas in the first cylinder 16 increases at the moment, the gas pressure decreases, and the thrust of the first cylinder 16 to the lower connector main body 12 decreases, so that the bit pressure is reduced.
The second cylinder 24 of the shock absorber 10 is connected with the lower joint body 1 through the sixth bolt 6, the shock absorber piston rod 32 is connected with the upper joint body 1 through the second bolt 7, when the upper joint body 1 and the lower joint body 12 generate axial shock and generate relative displacement, the pressure in the upper chamber and the lower chamber in the second cylinder 24 changes, the valve ① and the valve ② 28 which are installed on the piston 25 are respectively opened, hydraulic oil in the second cylinder 24 flows to the other chamber through a small hole on the valve ① or the valve ② 28, resistance can be generated in the flowing process of the hydraulic oil, and therefore the axial shock of the upper joint body 1 and the lower joint body 12 is relieved.
The neck (similar to an internal spline, as shown in fig. 6) of the upper joint body 1 is matched with the neck (similar to an external spline, as shown in fig. 7) of the lower joint body 12 to transmit torque, after the lower joint body 12 is matched with the upper joint body 1, the lower joint body end cover 3 is assembled at the upper end of the lower joint body 12 and connected through the first bolt 2 and can bear tensile force in the axial direction, and the neck of the lower joint body 12 is longer than the neck of the upper joint body 1 and can generate relative displacement in the axial direction.
Claims (9)
1. The drilling pressure compensator for the horizontal well drilling is characterized by comprising a lower joint main body (12) and an upper joint main body (1), wherein the lower joint main body (12) and the upper joint main body (1) are matched to transmit torque, the lower joint main body (12) comprises an external thread structure, a shoulder and a neck at the lower end, the shoulder is of a cylindrical structure, a neck structure is arranged at the central position of the cylindrical structure, 2 large holes and 8 small holes are arranged on the annular surface of the cylindrical structure at equal intervals, the 2 large holes are just distributed, the rest small holes are uniformly distributed on the annular surface, the upper end of the upper joint main body (1) is of an internal thread structure matched with a drill rod lower joint, the inside of the lower end is of a shoulder structure, grooves are similar to internal splines on the shoulder structure, an annular structure is arranged outside the lower end, and a lower joint main body end cover (3), the upper joint main body (1) and the lower joint main body (12) can generate relative displacement along the axial direction, the shoulder of the lower joint main body (12) and the end cover (3) of the lower joint main body can limit the maximum relative displacement of the upper joint main body (1) and the lower joint main body (12) along the axial direction, a bit pressure compensator (11) and a shock absorber (10) are installed between the lower joint main body (12) and the upper joint main body (1), the bit pressure compensator (11) is installed inside a small hole, and the shock absorber (10) is installed inside a large hole.
2. The drilling pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling according to claim 1, wherein the neck of the lower joint body (12) penetrates through the center of the upper joint body (1), and the neck of the lower joint body (12) is matched with the neck of the upper joint body (1).
3. The drilling pressure compensator for the horizontal well drilling according to claim 1, wherein the upper end face of the lower joint main body (12) is provided with a lower joint main body end cover (3) and fixed through a first bolt (2), and the lower joint main body end cover (3) is used for bearing a tensile force along the axial direction.
4. The horizontal well drilling pressure compensator according to claim 1, wherein the pressure compensator (11) comprises a first cylinder (16), a plunger (19) is arranged in the first cylinder (16), a plunger lower end cover (18) is arranged at the lower part of the plunger (19), the plunger lower end cover (18) is arranged at the lower end of a spring (22), the spring (22) is arranged in the plunger (19) and is in a compression state, an upper end of the plunger (19) is fixed with an upper end cover (23) through threads, the upper end cover (23) is assembled in a lower end face hole of the upper joint main body (1) and is fixed on the upper joint main body (1) through a second bolt (7), the first cylinder (16) is fixed on the lower joint main body (12) through a third bolt (8), and the upper end of the first cylinder (16) is a first end cover cylinder (20).
5. The drilling pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that a first sealing element (21) is arranged between the first cylinder end cover (20) and the plunger (19), and a second sealing element (17) is arranged between the plunger lower end cover (18) and the plunger (19).
6. The drilling weight compensator for horizontal wells according to claim 4, wherein the plunger (19) is of a barrel type.
7. The horizontal well drilling weight compensator according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorber (10) comprises a second cylinder (24), a piston (25) is arranged inside the second cylinder (24), the piston (25) is arranged on a piston rod (32) and fixed through a fourth bolt (29), a valve (28) is arranged on the piston (25), a second cylinder end cover (30) is arranged at an opening of the second cylinder (24), a third sealing element (31) is arranged on the second cylinder end cover (30), the second cylinder (24) is arranged in a large hole of the lower joint main body (12) and fixed through a fifth bolt (9), and the piston rod (32) is arranged in a hole in the upper joint main body (1) and fixed through a sixth bolt (6).
8. The drilling pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling according to claim 7, wherein a third sealing element (31) is arranged between the end cover (30) of the second cylinder barrel and the piston rod (32), and a fourth sealing element (26) is arranged between the piston (25) and the second cylinder barrel (24).
9. The drilling weight compensator for horizontal well drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that a fifth sealing element (15) is arranged between the lower joint body end cover (3) and the upper joint body (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921035242.9U CN210714464U (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Drilling bit pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921035242.9U CN210714464U (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Drilling bit pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210714464U true CN210714464U (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201921035242.9U Active CN210714464U (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Drilling bit pressure compensator for horizontal well drilling |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110230469A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-13 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of horizontal well drilling bit pressure compensation device |
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2019
- 2019-07-04 CN CN201921035242.9U patent/CN210714464U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110230469A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-13 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of horizontal well drilling bit pressure compensation device |
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