RU64098U1 - FILTER FOR CLEANING WATER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to household filters used in the treatment of both natural and tap water. The technical result of the utility model is to provide a high degree of purification of the source water from heavy metal and iron ions to their content of not more than 0.1 mg / l, as well as the removal of unpleasant odors and giving a taste of spring water. The essence of the utility model is the development of a filter for water purification, containing a tank with a layer-by-layer loading, the first layer of which, from top to bottom, is made of non-radioactive marble chips with a CaCO ₃ content _of at least 97%, and the second is made of activated carbon, and above the first loading layer there is a switchgear made in the form of a concave ellipse, the central part of which is convex, slotted channels are located on the concave part, and the filter also contains a drainage element made of chem sorption material and a unit for draining purified water.

Description

The inventive utility model relates to household filters in which water is purified from iron and heavy metals when moving through the filtering medium from top to bottom by gravity under the influence of gravitational forces.

In the absence of a water supply system, stand-alone filters installed on a stationary surface are widespread. Currently, a large number of filters of this type are used, differing in the design and variety of materials from which the filter elements are made.

Known sorbent-filtering material (RF 2032449, 01 D 39/02, 1995) used to purify drinking water from heavy metals and cesium radionuclides. The material consists of activated carbon and a clinoptilate layer in the Na form.

The disadvantage of this solution is the purification of waters containing a small amount of heavy metals and iron.

A known filter for purifying water from heavy metals, organic and bacterial contaminants, as well as water conditioning (RF 2056358, C 02 F 1/18, 1996). A known device contains a container with loading in

in the form of layers, one of which is made of shungite with a concentration of surface acidic active groups in the range of 1-15 μg / m ² , and the other is of carbonate-bearing rock (dolomite-containing rock), including trace elements of the side subgroups of the Periodic system in the amount of 0.001-0.1% of rock mass.

A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of cleaning efficiency, depending solely on the physicochemical properties of shungite, as well as the inability to purify water containing iron ions.

Known filter medium for treating drinking water from the water supply and freshwater sources in household filters (RF 2218984, 01 J 20/02, 2003), consisting of activated carbon and a granular mixture of calcium and magnesium carbonates coated with a porous film consisting of oxides magnesium, calcium and iron.

The invention allows to purify water from iron to 0.1 mg / l, but does not provide for the purification of water from heavy metals.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed technical solution is a utility model (RF 34934, 01 J 20/02, 2003). The known device contains a tank with a layer-by-layer loading in the form of three layers, the first of which, from top to bottom, as a crushed mineral raw material, contains a granular filter material consisting of at least a mixture of calcium and magnesium carbonates coated with a porous film consisting of oxides

magnesium, calcium and iron, with a total content of calcium and magnesium carbonates of at least 95 wt.% and a total content of magnesium and calcium oxides of at least 2 wt.%., and iron oxide - 2-3 wt.%. The second layer is made of expanded clay, and the third of activated carbon. The filter is equipped with a drainage device installed at the bottom of the filter. The drainage device is made in the form of a metal mesh of corrosion-resistant metal with a mesh size of 300 μm - 1 mm. A porous element in the form of a mesh of polymeric material is additionally installed in the layer of granular filtering material.

A disadvantage of the known device is the insufficient efficiency of water purification from iron ions and the inability to purify water from heavy metals, as well as the need to perform the chemical process of applying an oxide film characterized by a given porosity.

The technical task of the claimed utility model is to create a filter that provides purification of the source water, from ions of heavy metals and iron to their content of not more than 0.1 mg / l, as well as the removal of unpleasant odors and flavor of spring water.

The stated technical problem is solved by creating a filter for water purification, containing a tank with a layer-by-layer loading, the first layer of which, from top to bottom, is made of non-radioactive marble chips with a CaCO ₃ content _of at least 97 wt.%, And the second is made of activated carbon, moreover the first loading layer is a distribution device made in the form of a concave ellipse,

the central part of which is convex, and slotted channels are located on the concave part, the filter also contains a drainage element made of chemisorption material, and a unit for draining purified water.

The specified design of the switchgear provides water spraying when it is poured into the tank to increase contact with oxygen in the air while at the same time evenly distributing the water to be purified over the load volume.

As the first loading layer, any light non-radioactive marble chips with a CaCO ₃ content of at least 97 wt% can be used, for example, marble chips with a particle size distribution of 0.5 to 3 mm from the Koelga deposit in the Chelyabinsk Region (TU 7064-17-103- 94), which does not have radioactivity and is included in the list of materials approved for contact with drinking water.

As activated carbon, BAU activated carbon or similar ones can be used, as well as birch activated carbons impregnated with silver, which makes it possible to enhance the bactericidal properties of the filter.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 a schematic view of a filter for water treatment in longitudinal section is shown, in Fig. 2 is a top view of a filter for water treatment.

The filter for water purification includes:

1 - capacity, 2 - distribution device, 3 - a layer of marble chips, 4 - a layer of activated carbon, 5 - a layer of drainage material, 6 - a unit for draining purified water and 7 - slotted channels.

The device operates as follows:

The purified water is poured into the tank 1 from above. Water under the action of the distribution device 2 is sprayed through the slotted channels 7, a layer of marble chips 3, a layer of activated carbon 4, a layer of drainage material 5 passes sequentially and is discharged from the drainage unit 6 of purified water. The filter may be covered with a lid (not shown in the drawing).

The results of the analysis of the source water and the filtrate are presented in the table.

Table Name of impurities Impurity content in feed water Impurity content in the filtrate * Maximum permissible concentration of impurities acc. with Sanitary rules and norms 2.1.4.559-96 1. Turbidity, mg / l four 0.5 0.5 2. Color, hail 78 12 twenty 3. pH 7.2 7.1 6-9 4 / Fe, mg / l 12-15 0.06 0.3 5. Heavy metals, mg / l: manganese 0.36 0.04 <0.1 cadmium 0.15 0 <0.001 6. Total hardness, mEq / l 4.6 3.8 <7 7. Taste, score one one <2 8. Smell, score 2 one <2 9. Permanganate oxidation, mg O ₂ / l 9.76 1.9 <5 * After producing 60% of the filter life

As follows from the above materials and tables, the technical task is completed.

Using the proposed filter made it possible to purify water from organic compounds up to 2 mgO ₂ / L, from heavy metal ions and from iron up to 0.1 mg / L.

The purified water has a pleasant taste of spring water and does not have an unpleasant odor, which ensures the proposed load, mainly due to non-radioactive marble chips. In addition, the proposed filter loading does not require additional processing, which reduces the complexity of manufacturing and cost.

Water analyzes were carried out in accordance with the following regulatory documents:

GOST 2874-82 Drinking water Hygienic requirements and quality control. GOST 3351-74 Drinking water Methods for determining taste, smell, color and turbidity. GOST 4011-72 Drinking water Methods for measuring the mass concentration of total iron. GOST 4974-72 Drinking water Methods for determination of manganese content.

Claims (1)

A filter for water purification, containing a container with a layer-by-layer loading, the first layer of which is made of crushed mineral raw materials from top to bottom and the activated carbon is used as well as a drainage element, distribution device, and a unit for draining purified water, characterized in that as ground mineral raw material is nonradioactive marble chips with a content of CaCO ₃ is not less than 97 wt.%, and the dispenser is disposed above the first loading layer and formed as a concave ellipse cent cial portion of which is convex, a concave portion disposed on slotted channels, drainage element is made of chemisorption material.