RU2411983C1 - "acvarious" filtration element - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for water treatment. Proposed element represent s coil with perforated central cartridge supporting filtration curtain made up of multilayer cross-line spool of fluffy thread. Inner layer of filtration curtain is made from synthetic textured multifilament thread with, mainly, loop-like frieze, while outer layer are produced by thread of spun yarn made from cation-exchange fiber. Outer surface of perforated central cartridge have lengthwise ribs arranged uniformly between lines of perforation. ^ EFFECT: water softening and removal of heavy metals, water cleaning of mechanical impurities and harmful ions, longer life and reduced drag. ^ 4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of conditioning and fine purification of drinking water from solid particles and metal ions and can be used in household water treatment systems, as well as in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

A filter element is known that contains a perforated cylindrical body (central sleeve) with longitudinal ribs and a multilayer filter curtain covering the body, which is formed by crosswise winding of a fluffy thread of synthetic or cotton fibers, and the winding density increases from the periphery to the surface of the cylindrical body (Utility Model Certificate No. 24949 dated 09/10/2002). This technical solution relates to porous volume-capillary filters and provides a delay and capture of particles suspended in a liquid, the size of which depends on the type of thread used, the density of the winding and the number of its layers. However, such a filter element does not have adsorption or ion exchange activity, therefore, it allows purification of the liquid only from mechanical impurities, which is insufficient for food conditioning of water, since the source water may contain alkaline earth metal salts (calcium, magnesium, strontium, barium), which cause rigidity water, as well as salts of heavy metals harmful to the body (copper, iron, cadmium, cobalt, manganese, lead, mercury, chromium, etc.), other inorganic and organic dissolved and col oidnye impurities whose removal is required for drinking water and pharmacological. In addition, if a staple spinning thread (the most common type of fleecy thread) is used as the material of the filtering curtain, then the short end pile filaments can separate from the thread and enter the filtered fluid, clogging it and reducing the quality of the filter. These features of the analogue are its disadvantages.

Known multi-stage water purification systems in which the first stage of purification removes sand, rust, other mechanical and colloidal particles, the second stage of purification reduces the content of chlorine, organochlorine compounds below the MPC, the third stage of purification removes bacterial contamination, the fourth stage of purification reduces the content of heavy metals , the fifth stage of cleaning provides the final removal of substances that give odor and foreign taste (such systems include, for example, household filters ki "Mifil" (http://ifoch.bas-net.by/mifil/filter_rus.htm) or "Coral" (http://www.ag-kovrov.ru/dclear-corall.html). These cleaning systems water is a rather large-sized, complex and expensive unit, including a number of filter chambers connected in series and containing replaceable filter elements, each of which performs a specific specialized purification function, among those listed above.

The closest analogue to the prototype of the invention in terms of essential features is a replaceable filter element made in the form of a coil with a perforated central sleeve, on which a filter curtain is placed, which is a multi-layer winding of a fluffy thread, and the multi-layer winding is made of textured multifilament synthetic thread with a predominantly loop pile ( application for invention No. 2007129609/15, published on 02/10/2009). In accordance with this technical solution, the domestic industry produces replaceable filter elements SFE-P and SFE-Ps, designed for use in standard 10-inch (254 mm) household filters for water purification of the Slim Line type (http: //www.ag-kovrov. com / dclear-filters20.html). The analog prototype provides high-quality fine (up to 1 μm) liquid purification from mechanical suspended particles, moreover, without separating fluff elements from the thread and clogging of the filtered liquid. The SFE-Ps modification also disinfects water, saturating it with silver ions, which are impregnated into the synthetic thread of the filter curtain. But the softening of water and its purification from salts of heavy metals and other harmful impurities by these filter elements is not achieved, i.e. it is partially inherent in the disadvantages of the first analogue.

The invention aims to improve the operational properties of porous volume-capillary water filters.

When using the invention, the following important technical results are achieved:

1. Water softening and removal of heavy metal ions harmful to health are carried out.

2. It is possible to purify water from mechanical impurities and harmful ions on one filter element of a standard size while maintaining the absorption capacity (dirt capacity) and, therefore, the service life of the filter element.

3. The hydraulic resistance of the filter element is reduced

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the filter element, made in the form of a coil with a perforated central sleeve, on which a filter curtain is placed, which is a multilayer cross-shaped winding of a fleecy thread, the inner layers of the filter curtain are made of synthetic textured multifilament thread with a predominantly loop pile the layers of the filter curtain are made of staple spinning thread made of cation exchange fiber, in addition, on the outer surface The ribs of the perforated central sleeve have longitudinal ribs located evenly between the rows of perforations.

The essence of the invention is associated with the claimed technical results as follows, respectively:

1. Water softening and removal of heavy metal ions harmful to health is ensured by the passage of water through the outer layers of the filter curtain, made by staple spinning thread made of cation exchange fiber. As a result of the ion exchange process, stiffness cations (alkaline earth metal ions) and heavy metal cations are replaced by harmless sodium cations.

2. The function of capturing suspended mechanical particles (filtering) is provided by both external and internal layers of the filter curtain, and the absorption capacity of the filter element (dirt capacity) remains at the level of the prototype analogue, because the total volume of the capillary structure of the filter curtain does not decrease. In the process of filtering water through the curtain, the outer layers provide an ion-exchange process and trapping of mechanical particles, and the inner layers provide only trapping of mechanical particles, including the delay of short end pile filaments, which can be separated from the staple thread of the outer layers. Thus, the ability to purify water both from mechanical impurities and from harmful ions, while maintaining its absorption capacity (dirt capacity) and, therefore, the service life of the filter element, is effectively combined in one filter element of a standard size.

3. Longitudinal ribs located evenly between the rows of perforation of the Central sleeve, reduce the hydraulic resistance of the filter element, because the space formed by adjacent ribs forms a collector that provides water flow through the filter curtain, including in areas overlapped by zones located between the perforations.

Figure 1 schematically shows a filter element "Aquarius".

Figure 2 schematically shows a perforated Central sleeve with longitudinal ribs of the filter element "Aquarius".

The filter element "Aquarius" (Figure 1) is made in the form of a coil, contains a perforated central sleeve (1) with longitudinal ribs (2) made on its outer surface (Figure 1, Figure 2) and a filter curtain, the inner layers of which ( 3) adjacent to the central sleeve (1), made as a cross multi-layer winding of a fleecy synthetic textured multifilament yarn with a predominantly loop pile with a linear density in the range of 2500-3500 dtex. In particular, a polypropylene yarn can be used (http://www.technoton.biz/production/cloth.html). The outer layers (4) of the filter curtain are designed as cross multilayer winding with a thread of ion-exchange fiber, for example, a staple spinning thread with a linear density, also within 2500-3500 dtex, made of FIBAN X1 ion-exchange fiber (Na ⁺ cation exchange resin) can be used (http : //ifoch.bas-net.by/X1_rus1.htm). It was experimentally established that the optimal ratio of the total thickness of the inner layers of the filter curtain to the total thickness of the outer (cation-exchange) layers is in the range from 1: 2.5 to 1: 3. The filter element "Aquarius" can be made both for the standard Slim Line size (65 × 250 mm), and for other sizes.

The filter element "Aquarius" is placed in a sealed flow housing (not shown), providing separation of the internal and external spaces of the filter element, and the water to be filtered under pressure is fed into the space between the housing and the filter element, and purified water is discharged from the inner space of the filter element. The claimed technical results are achieved by the passage of water through the filter curtain. Water softening and removal of heavy metal ions that are harmful to health is ensured by the passage of water through the outer layers (4) of the filter curtain made by staple spinning thread made of cation exchange fiber. As a result of the ion exchange process, cations of alkaline earth and heavy metals are replaced by harmless sodium cations. The function of capturing suspended mechanical particles (filtering) is provided by both external (4) and internal (3) layers of the filter curtain, and the absorption capacity of the filter element (dirt capacity) remains at the level of the prototype analogue, because in the same dimensions, the total volume of the capillary structure of the filter curtain does not decrease. In the process of filtering water through the curtain, the outer layers (4) provide an ion-exchange process and trapping of mechanical particles, and the inner layers (3) provide only trapping of mechanical particles, including the delay of short end filaments of the pile, which can be separated from the staple thread of the outer layers. Thus, the ability to purify water from both mechanical impurities and harmful ions while maintaining its absorption capacity (dirt capacity) and, consequently, the service life of the filter element, is effectively combined in one filter element of a standard size. Longitudinal ribs (2) located evenly between the perforation rows of the central sleeve (1) reduce the hydraulic resistance of the filter element, because the space formed by adjacent ribs forms a collector that provides water flow through the filter curtain, including in areas overlapped by zones located between the perforations.

Claims (4)

1. The filter element, made in the form of a coil with a perforated central sleeve, on which a filter curtain is placed, which is a multilayer cross-shaped winding of a fleecy thread, characterized in that the inner layers of the filter curtain are made of synthetic textured multifilament thread with a predominantly loop pile, and the outer layers are filter the curtains are made of thread made of cation exchange fiber, moreover, on the outer surface of the perforated central sleeve, s longitudinal ribs disposed between the rows of holes uniformly. 2. The filter element according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the total thickness of the inner layers of the filter curtain to the total thickness of the outer (cation exchange) layers is in the range from 1: 2.5 to 1: 3. 3. The filter element according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner layers of the filter curtain are made of polypropylene thread with a linear density, which is in the range from 2500 to 3500 dtex. 4. The filter element according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layers of the filter curtain are made of thread made of staple spinning cation exchange fiber with a linear density that ranges from 2500 to 3500 dtex.

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