RU63980U1 - ELECTRIC CAR SWITCH - Google Patents

Abstract

The switch relates to electrical engineering, mainly to the electrical circuits of vehicles. The task and the technical result are to increase reliability, protect LED indicators from overvoltage, improve manufacturability and reduce the cost of the switch. Improving lighting performance. The electric car switch consists of a body, keys mounted on rods. On each rod there is a cam bracket of the limit position of the rod. Compression springs are designed to return the rods with the keys to their original position. At the base there are pins for connecting to the vehicle's wiring network. Each display unit is made in the form of a printed circuit board containing radio components, including LED indicators, resistors, diodes, designed for surface mounting. The display unit is installed in each stock. A guide rod is fixed in each rod, on which a contact part is made with a compression spring, made in the form of a bar with two convexes. The planks are made conductive, with strips of silver-containing metal deposited on them, on which convexes are made.

The pins have bent pads that act as contact parts, forming force contacts with the bullets. Switches can be made with other modifications of keys, functional symbols, as well as without any symbols and control annunciators if they are not needed, as well as with a different mechanical key switching algorithm that excludes their mechanical dependence. Publish figure 1.

Description

The switch relates to electrical engineering, mainly to the electrical circuits of vehicles.

Known push-button switches, see 37.3710, 371.3710 and switches 88.3709, 882.3709, previously produced by JSC "AVAR", Pskov. They have a significant mass, a significant switching force, reduced reliability of the backlight elements, implemented on autolamps.

Known switch 245.3710, manufactured by JSC "AVAR", Pskov, see certificate on PM No. 5667, publ. December 16, 1997, Bull. No. 12.

This switch consists of a housing in which are placed: a rod, a spring, a base with pins for connecting to the vehicle's wiring network, a backlight and a button, movable contacts.

Disadvantages of the switch:

- there is no axial guide for the rod and spring, which causes distortion, deterioration of the switching conditions, increased noise during operation. Since the contacts are not removable and rearranged, the switch

It has very limited capabilities for implementing a variety of electrical switching circuits. Designed for specialized electrical circuits.

Known switch 75.3710, manufactured by JSC "AVAR", Pskov, see RF patent No. 2097865, application No. 95112940, publ. November 27, 1997, Byul. No. 33.

The switch comprises a housing with stops, a key, a rod with symbol backlight lamps and a control signaling device for the key, and a pusher that acts when switching to the contact system. On the base there is a cam mechanism for fixing the limit positions of the stem and a contact system with an instant switching mechanism. The base is rigidly connected to the casing with the help of locking latches. The longitudinally moving rod in the guides mounted on the base is spring-loaded with springs electrically connected to the terminals in the base and the lamp terminals mounted on the rod.

Its disadvantages are the design complexity and reduced reliability due to the presence of three transition contacts on each spring: plug-spring, spring-contact-part of the bulb; light bulb contact detail. Thus, on four springs there are 12 transitional connections, which can cause loss of contact. The body, stops and base are made as separate parts, which is not technologically advanced.

Known electric car switch, see certificate for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 24314, publ. July 27, 02, Bull. No. 21.

The switch contains a housing with stops, base, guide pins for return springs. The case with stops, the base, the guiding pins are a single integral part made by dielectric plastic molding. A rod with a LED symbol backlight and a LED indicator of a control signaling device is installed inside the housing. A key is fixed to the stock. A cam mechanism of limit positions is placed on the rod. The base contains pins for connecting to the vehicle wiring system.

Flexible contact parts are fixed on the rod, forming sliding contacts with pins.

The disadvantage of the considered technical solution is the reduced reliability of the backlight elements.

A patent for utility model No. 32923 MKI 7 H01H 13 \ 00 “Electric automobile circuit breaker” is published, published on September 27, 2003 Bul. Number 27. This switch is taken as the closest analogue (prototype).

The electric automobile circuit breaker consists of a housing I with stops 2, a base 10, with guide pins II for return springs 8.

The housing I with the stops 2, the base 10, the guide pins II are a single integral part, made, for example, by casting from dielectric plastic. Stem 4 mounted inside housing I

with a lamp 6 or a LED indicator for illuminating the symbol 24, a lamp 14 or an LED indicator for a warning indicator 23.

Switches can be made with other modifications of keys, symbols of functional purpose. And also without any symbols and tell-tales, if they are not needed. The drive for switching electrical circuits includes a stem 4, on which the key 3 is fixed.

On the rod 4 there is a cam mechanism 7 limit positions. The base 10 contains pins 9 for connection to the vehicle wiring network.

The rod 4 contains a rack 12, in the groove 13 of which is placed a strap 17 with a compression spring 15. The strap 17 contains contact parts 18 located at its edges. Pins 19, 20 have bent pads 21, 22.

The switch operates as follows.

In the initial position, the drive key 3 is not pressed. When you turn on the side lights, the backlight of symbol 24 is turned on from an external circuit. The LED 6 of the symbol backlight turns on. The level of this backlight can be adjusted from an external control element. In this case, the power contact is open, the control signaling device is not turned on. The LED indicators for backlighting the symbol and control annunciator have an operating voltage of 12 V.

When key 3 is pressed, stem 4 is mixed to base 10.

In the pressed position, the rod is fixed by the cam mechanism of the limiting positions 7. Current flows through the contact parts 18, bent pads 21, 22 of the pins 19, 20. The consumers connected to the pins 19, 20 are turned on. The control signaling device 23 is turned on from an external circuit connected to the pins 19, 20.

Pressing key 3 again switches the switch to its original position.

The disadvantages of the prototype:

- low reliability of LED indicators at 12 V, failing due to large electrical overvoltages arising in the vehicle electrical system;

- higher cost of output LED indicators at 12 V and uneven backlight, giving a light beam with a corner rotation of only 40 °, compared with SMD diodes at 2.5 V, giving a light beam with a corner rotation of more than 120 °;

- the lack of protection circuits, due to the sufficiently large sizes of the output LED indicators for 12 V and the small size of the switch in the area of the LED indicators;

- not manufacturability of the assembly and installation of output LED indicators for 12 V, since they have cylindrical bodies, it is required to perform the operation of forming the terminals, they are installed on a stencil, after which the flexible contacts are pressed in, the terminals are cut off;

- increased consumption of silver-containing metal, since two contact parts mounted on a spring-loaded bar are made of silver-containing metal.

These shortcomings do not allow to achieve the technical result achieved by the proposed product.

The objective and technical result consists in increasing reliability due to circuit protection of LED indicators against overvoltage, increasing manufacturability and reducing material and labor costs in the manufacture of the switch. Improving lighting performance and simplifying the design.

This is achieved by new technical solutions that are in a causal relationship with the technical result.

The essence of the claimed device is expressed in the aggregate of the following essential features.

The indicated problem in an electric automobile switch containing a housing in which a drive is installed to provide a mechanical algorithm for switching electrical circuits and pins for connecting to a vehicle’s wiring network is solved by the fact that said drive consists of two independent switches and one switch containing two keys connected with rods, with display units installed in each rod, electrically connected to the pins by means of flexible sliding contacts. Indication nodes are made in the form of printed circuit boards containing

radio components, such as LED indicators, resistors, protective diodes in the version for surface mounting. This achieves such a technical result as improving reliability, increasing the uniformity of the backlighting of the symbol zones and the control signaling device, and the electrical protection of the LED indicators against overvoltage.

In each rod, a guide rod is fixed on which a strap containing two convexes is mounted with a spring. The bar itself has strips of silver-containing metal on which convexes are made. This achieves an increase in manufacturability, a decrease in the consumption of silver-containing materials and a decrease in both material and labor costs, which is also a technical result.

The cathodes of the LED indicators for illuminating the symbol and the control signaling device of one of the two rods are connected to one pin by means of a flexible sliding contact due to their electrical connection on the printed circuit board, which achieves the technical result, which consists in increasing the reliability of the circuit breaker and simplifying its design, since instead of four pins 9, three pins 9 remain in the prototype (see FIG. 2).

The switch contains an electrical unit for switching the voltage of the LED indicators for illuminating the symbols of both rods (external connection between the LED indicators is external), connected to the printed circuit board of the display unit of one of the rods with a flexible

conductor, consists of two interconnected flexible contacts, which, in turn, form sliding contacts with pins, thereby achieving a technical result, which consists in reducing the number of contacting joints by contact method, which improves the reliability of the switch.

The above set of features in comparison with the prior art allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

Figure 1 - General view of the proposed switch schematically, in the initial state, the keys 3 and 4 are not pressed.

Figure 2 - electrical circuit diagram.

Figure 3 is a view along arrow A of the control alarms and symbols.

Figure 4 - callout B, view of the convex, schematically.

Figure 5 is a view along arrow B on the bar with convexes.

Figure 6 is a section along G-G.

7 is a section along DD.

On Fig - a General view of the proposed switch schematically, in the "on" position, the keys 3 and 4 are not shown, the housing 1 is conditionally not shown.

Figure 9 is a section along the EE.

The electric car switch (hereinafter referred to as the switch) consists of a housing 1, a base 2, keys 3 and 4, mounted on rods 5 and

6, forming a drive to provide a mechanical algorithm for switching electrical circuits.

On each rod there is a cam bracket 7 of the limit position of the rod. Four compression springs 8 are designed to return the rods 5 and 6 with the keys to their original position. At the base 2 there are five pins 9 for connecting LED indicators, two pins 10 and 11 for connecting two separate switches to the vehicle power network and pins 12 and 13 of the switch for switching the LED indicators for character illumination. Indication nodes 14 and 15, installed in rods 5 and 6, are made in the form of printed circuit boards 16 and 17 containing radio components, including LED indicators 18, 19 and 20 in the version for surface mounting, giving a beam of light with a 120 ° rotation , in comparison with conventional output LED indicators, giving a beam of light with a rotation of only 40 °, than the technical result is achieved - an improvement in lighting performance. Resistors 21, protective diodes 22, are elements of electrical protection, which is a technical result that ensures reliability, also performed for surface mounting.

Indication nodes 14 and 15 installed in the rods 5 and 6 are electrically connected by soldering with flexible contacts 23, which, in turn, form sliding contacts with pins 9, are shown in Fig. 8 in the form of a tear, thereby achieving a technical result consisting in

reducing the number of contacting compounds by the contact method, which simplifies the design and provides increased reliability of the switch.

The cathodes of the LED indicators 18, 19 are connected to one pin 9 due to their electrical connection on the printed circuit board 16 of the indicating unit 14, thereby achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the reliability of the circuit breaker and simplifying its design, since instead of four pins 9, as in the prototype, there are three pins 9 left.

In each of the rods, a guide rod 24 is fixed on which a contact part 26 is mounted with a compression spring 25, made in the form of a strip with at least two convexes 27. The strip is made of conductive with strips of silver-containing metal deposited on it 28, on which these convex, what is achieved by the technical result, which consists in saving silver-containing metal and improving manufacturability. The bar can be a team with attached contact parts instead of bulges.

Pins 10 and 11 have bent pads 29 and 30, which serve as contact parts, forming an electric circuit with the bar 26 and its bullets 27 when they are closed.

The switching unit 31 for switching the voltage of the LED indicators 19 and 20 of the backlight symbols 33 and 34 on the keys, connected to the LED indicator 19, on the printed circuit board of the indicating unit 17 with a flexible conductor 36, and with the LED indicator 20 through an external

electrical connection, consists of two interconnected flexible contacts 32, which, in turn, form sliding contacts with pins 12 and 13, thereby achieving a technical result consisting in switching the voltages supplied to the pins 12 and 13.

The switch operates as follows.

In the initial state, keys 3 and 4 are not pressed. In the switching unit, the contacts 32 are closed with a pin 12, through which a supply voltage is applied when the ignition switch of the vehicle is turned on, and both LEDs 19 and 20 of the backlight 33 and 34 are turned on for their full brightness. When you press the key 3, the voltage is switched from the backlight pin 13 of the symbols 33 and 34 by the LED indicators 19 and 20. The level of this backlight can be adjusted from an external control device (not shown in the drawing). In addition, when you press the key 3, the rod 5 together with the guide rod 24 and the bar 26, which is pressed by the spring 25, are moved down. In the switching unit 31, the contacts 32 are opened with the pin 12 and are closed on the pin 13. In the pressed position, the rod 5 is fixed by the cam of the limit mechanism 7. In this case, the bar 26 with the bullets 27 closes the bent pads 29 and 30 of the pins 10 and 11, resulting in a closed electrical circuit is formed between pins 10 and 11, allowing electric current to flow through it to an electricity consumer connected to pins 10 and 11, voltage is applied

power and side lights and adjustable instrument panel lights.

When the key 3 is pressed again, the stem 5 returns to its original position. The power contacts between pins 10 and 11 open, the voltage from the consumers and the backlight LEDs 19 and 20 of the symbols 33 and 34 switches to pin 12. Moreover, if the ignition is turned on, these LED indicators are highlighted with full brightness, and if the ignition is turned off, they also turn off.

When you press 4, the rod 6 together with the guide rod 24 and the bar 26, which is pressed by the spring 25, are moved down. At the same time, the rod 6 by the grippers 37 moves down and the rod 5. In the switching unit 31, the contacts 32 open with the pin 12 and close to the pin 13. In the pressed position, the rods 5 and 6 are fixed by the cam brackets of the limit positions 7. In this case, the strips 26 with the bullets 27, the bent pads 29 and 30 of the pins 10 and 11 are closed, as a result of which closed electric circuits are formed between the pins 10 and 11, allowing electric current to flow through them to the electricity consumers connected to the pins 10 and 11, and a supply voltage is supplied. LED indicator 18, connected to two of the three pins 9 and connected by an external electrical circuit to an external voltage source with a flexible conductor 36, turns on and illuminates the control signaling device 35. At the same time, when pressed, the rod 6 by the stopper 38 moves the slider 39, which is part of one of

cam mechanism limit positions. With this position of the stem 6, the stem 5 cannot be returned to its original position.

When the key 4 is pressed again, the stem 6 returns to its original position. The power contacts between pins 10 and 11 open, the voltage is removed from the consumer, and it turns off. The slider 39 is returned to its original position by the spring 40. In this case, the rod 5 remains in the pressed position and to switch it is necessary to press the key 3, after which the rod 5 is returned to its original position. The power contacts between the pins 10 and 11 of this switch are opened, the voltage from the consumer and the LED indicator 18 from the external circuit is removed, and it turns off. The cycle is over.

The use of the claimed technical solutions provides high reliability and adaptability of the switch for use in promising passenger cars.

Improved lighting performance, reduced cost.

Switches can be made with other modifications of keys, functional symbols, as well as without any symbols and control annunciators if they are not needed, as well as with another mechanical key switching algorithm that excludes their mechanical dependence.

Claims (4)

1. An electric automobile switch comprising a housing in which a drive is installed to provide a mechanical algorithm for switching electrical circuits, and also containing pins for connecting to the vehicle's wiring network, characterized in that said mechanical algorithm supply drive consists of at least two keys connected to rods and each of which contains its own display unit, electrically connected to these pins and made in the form of a printed circuit board containing radio components in and version for surface mounting, while in each rod a guide rod is fixed on which a strap is installed with a spring. 2. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that said strip comprises strips of silver-containing metal on which at least two convexes are made. 3. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that each display unit contains radio components, at least LED indicators, resistors, diodes, while the cathodes of the LED indicators of one of the display nodes are combined and connected to one pin due to the electrical connection via a printed circuit circuit board. 4. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a switching unit for switching the supply voltage of the LED indicators for illuminating the key symbols, connected to the circuit of one of the display nodes with a flexible conductor, consists of two flexible contacts interconnected, which, in their in turn, form sliding contacts with pins, providing this switching.