RU62138U1 - EASY HOUSING CONSTRUCTION FOR INDUSTRIAL AND HABITATED ROOMS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to tents E 04 H 15/00 and can be used as an inhabited station on another planet, as well as on Earth as a pavilion, greenhouse, greenhouse, shelter for the workshop, hangar, boathouse, animal shelter.

A known greenhouse containing a film-coated supporting frame formed by wire arcs stuck into the ground with pointed ends, characterized in that in order to increase the reliability of the construction, the pointed ends of each arc are made of different lengths, and adjacent arcs are installed along their lengths by 180 relatively different, / copyright certificate for the invention of the USSR No. 1702940, A 01 G 9/14, from 9.11.1989 /

The disadvantages of this building are its narrow specialization as a shelter only for plants, as well as the single-layer covering film, which allows the use of the greenhouse only in the summer.

A known greenhouse containing a frame in the form of at least one supporting element, for example, a rod, the lower end of which is buried in the soil, and at the upper end is fixed an upper element connected to spacers, for example, of wire, on which at least one transparent an element of a polyethylene film, characterized in that it is equipped with a water storage element, the upper edge of which is connected to the spacers, and part of its lower surface is at least made curved, convex downward, and made on waterproof material

/ RF patent for the invention No. 2041605, A 01 G 9/14. from 2.06.1993 /.

In addition, the water storage element of the greenhouse is made of a symmetrical shape.

In addition, the upper edge of the water storage element of the greenhouse in the plan has the shape of a rectangle or circle.

In addition, the water storage element of the greenhouse can be made of a car tire.

In addition, one of the side surfaces of the car tire is circumcised and the trimmed edge facing up.

In addition, the supporting element is mounted on the axis of symmetry of the water storage element or along the axis of the circle.

In addition, the upper element is made in a shape similar to the shape of the upper edge of the water storage element or in the form of a disk or ring.

In addition, the spacers are made in the form of metal rods.

In addition, the plastic film is fixed to the spacers using at least one mounting ring mounted perpendicular to the shaft.

In addition, the mounting ring can be cut from the side surface of the car tire.

The drawbacks of the greenhouse are the same as those of the previous structure - the possibility of only summer use and narrow specialization.

The active defense of the Arena tank is known, which automatically destroys flying ammunition before they come in contact with the armor of the tank on the turret of which it is mounted / A. Greek Shoot down on approach. - w. "Popular Mechanics", 2002, issue 11, p. 54-56 /. Along the perimeter of the tank tower are 26 mines for protective ammunition, which are combined with the on-board computer of the tank and an all-weather radar station capable of detecting targets at ranges up to 50 meters. The range of targets hit ranges from 70 to 700 m / s.

The disadvantages of active protection are the lack of peace

use and non-designation of objects other than the tank, which can be protected with its help

A known method of centrifugal casting of metal in an electromagnetic mold of removable profile for a single, small and large-scale production of hollow structures of arbitrary shape / RF patent for the invention No. 2226374, / V 22 D 13/02 from 01/31/2003 /. In the description of the method that I proposed, the possibility of placing the mold in the tent, which can be dismantled and transported together with the mold to another place, is mentioned. The disadvantage of the tent is the lack of description of its device.

Axial fans / fans are known. Catalog. Directory. M .: TSNIITESstroymash. 1980, pp. 99-104 /, including a cylindrical copus, an impeller, a straightening apparatus, an electric drive gear. The straightening apparatus has 15 sheet blades welded to the cylindrical sleeve and to the fan casing. A flange motor is located in the bushing of the rectifier. The disadvantage of fans is the constant mode of their operation, the inability to generate with their help wind blowing with variable force.

Known structures with domes made of reinforced concrete and glass. Their disadvantage is that the cost of their construction is significant compared to tents made of soft materials, which does not allow them to be erected in bulk. In addition, they cannot withstand snow cover with age, which leads to their collapse, as happened in Tranvaal Park and in one of the Moscow markets.

Known protective shelter for plants containing a frame for laying shelter and the actual shelter, characterized in that the shelter is made of at least two-layer, made of the same or different, mostly transparent, materials, and some layers can be thick, hard, and others - thin, supple, between the separate layers there are voids filled with the same or different special-purpose media,

basically transparent, with certain properties that are in any state of aggregation and in any form: powdery, paste-like, jelly-like, oily, gel-like, foamy, glue, waxy, fibrous, sawdust, chip-like, etc. / Application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2003130287 / 12, A 01 C 13/02, dated 13.10.2003 /.

In addition, the shelter layers can have a different relief on the surface: depressions, protrusions, corrugations, ribs, etc.

In addition, certain layers of shelter, in turn, can be multilayer or reinforced.

In addition, layer interchangeability is provided, as well as replenishment or replacement of media as necessary.

In addition, in the same space / void / between the layers there may be various media that enter into a chemical reaction under certain influences of an objective or subjective nature.

In addition, the space (voids) between the layers can be filled with ordinary air, liquid or gas under pressure, or a vacuum can be created between the layers.

In addition, voids can be divided into separate sections.

In addition, to prevent leakage of liquid or gaseous media between the layers, insulation or other sealing methods may be provided.

In addition, in the voids between the layers or under the protective shelter itself, heating elements can be installed, devices for ventilation, irrigation, shielding, shading, lighting, for monitoring, signaling, monitoring and controlling various parameters under the protective shelter, for treating plants with carbon dioxide, fertilizers, substances to protect against diseases and pests, to monitor the integrity of the shelter, etc.

In addition, signals from monitoring devices, alarms,

control and management can be transferred to a centralized point, including located at a considerable distance.

In addition, devices for laying shelter can be not only stationary, but also folding, portable of various shapes: in the form of arcs, frames, yurts, pyramids, lattices, nets, etc.

In addition, the device for applying shelter in the form of a tetrahedral pyramid has a size ratio, like the Egyptian pyramids, but on a smaller scale, and during operation in the same way as in Egypt, it is oriented relative to parts of the world.

In addition, the shelter can be made of materials that change the degree of transparency / darkening / and even color, depending on the degree of illumination, from tinted / shading / or light reflecting / shielding / materials.

In addition, the shelter may be in the form of a tape, for example, a self-adhesive sleeve, cap, bag, etc., the latter may have openings at the top, both closed and unclosed, and may be slightly raised above the ground to create natural ventilation.

In addition, the shelter can be installed on a pillow representing the upper fertile soil layer laid on top of a recess / trench, etc. /, in which the remains of plants are laid.

Besides. the pillow may be located lower, at or above ground level.

The described invention is proposed as a prototype.

Its disadvantages: narrow specialization as a shelter only for plants, the lack of a description of the entrance to the room, the lack of a description of the nature of ventilation, the lack of meteorite protection in the event of its location on the planet without an atmosphere.

The aim of the invention is the adaptation of a multi-layer shelter not only for agriculture, but also for industry.

The technical result of the invention is the following:

- the structure can be used as an inhabited station on another planet, as well as on Earth as a pavilion, greenhouse, greenhouse, shelter for a workshop, hangar, boathouse, garage, farm or shelter for animals, shelter for a power plant, vegetable store, premises for ATMs and receptors with dialectic cases:

- the construction can be used in extreme climatic conditions on Earth, including in the continental climate inherent in Russia and its neighbors;

- the structure can completely seal the room inside it, isolating it from the external environment;

- the structure can be disassembled and moved to a new place;

- the construction is cheap compared to reinforced concrete and brick structures, it can be produced in bulk quantities for implementers of ideas on an intelligent conveyor;

- the structure can be equipped with protection from meteorites;

- the structure can be equipped with a system for shaking off snow from the outer surface;

- the structure can be installed on the surface of the reservoir.

Description of figures.

The figures show the following images:

figure 1 - construction on a cross section AA at the level of the racks of the frame, figure 2 - construction on a cross section of the BB at a level outside the racks of the frame, figure 3 - construction, front view, figure 4 - construction on a horizontal section of the explosives at the entrance level , Fig. 5 - connection of the vertical struts of the frame in the horizontal section of the explosives, increased, Fig. 6 - connection of the vertical struts of the frame with the vertical strut of the front wall in the corner of the structure in the horizontal section of the explosives, increased, Fig. 7 - section of the covering material in the removed and deployed view, reduced, Fig.8 - in id coming from the section of the connection of the vertical struts of the frame with the longitudinal beam, the covering material is removed, Fig. 9 is a side view of the section of the connection of the vertical struts of the frame with the longitudinal beam, the covering material is removed, Fig. 10 is the lower part of the structure in the transverse section of type AA; .

The numbers in the figures are indicated.

1, 2: 1 - vertical racks of the frame, 2 - underground / or underwater / rod racks, 3 - holes with ventilation pipes, 4 - horizontal beam of the internal racks, 5 - vertical rod of the horizontal beam, 6 - longitudinal beams of the frame, 7 - horizontal foundation beam, 8 - daylight lamp, 9 - holes in the foundation beam for rods, 10 - soil surface level, 11 - water-accumulating and insulating element, 12 - free edges of the shelter, 13 - dusting of the free edges with earth or other soil, 14 - fan with variable speed.

figure 3, 4: 15 - vertical pillars of the front wall, 16 - deepened into the ground horizontal beam of the foundation of the front wall,

17 - a door to be sealed, 18 - a door clamp, 19 - a clamp handle, 20 - fans for air inlet or outlet into the voids between the layers of film, 21 - fans for air inlet and outlet inside the room, 22 - covering material / for example, film or fabric /, 23 - entrance, in a similar water variant of basing in this place there are bridges, 24 - an entrance / vestibule, lock chamber /.

5, 6: 25 — clamp, 26 — screw fastening of the clamp to the vertical strut of the front wall and to the outer vertical strut of the frame, 27 — the bent edge of the covering material fixed by the clamp.

Fig.7: 28 - cutout in the covering material for installing the vertical uprights of the frame, 29 - a strip of glue, 30 - a window of transparent material, 31 - the glued edges of the window.

Fig. 8, 9: 32 — a spline connection, 33 — side branches of a longitudinal beam with grooves for mounting vertical protrusions of the carcass struts / are visible in FIG. 1 /.

Figure 10: 34 - the frame of the underwater foundation on which the structure is installed, 35 - the float part of the frame 34, 36 - the load of the frame 34, 37 - the beam with grooves 9 in the form of holes, 38 - the berth of the pier, 39 - water level.

The structure has a geometrical cross-sectional shape that is close to a triangular / Fig. 1/, slightly curved, with the calculation of the sliding of the snow cover from its top. The base of the triangle is formed by a horizontal foundation beam 7, sprinkled on top of the ground, side, slightly curved ribs - by vertical struts of the frame 1. The latter have polyhedral cross-section rods 2 at the lower ends, which are inserted into the holes 9 in the foundation beam 7. The upper ends of the racks 1 end with protrusions, inserted into the holes in the branches 33 of the longitudinal beam of the frame 6/1, 8, 9 /. The vertical racks 1 on the premises side have a horizontal beam containing a cutout for mounting a longitudinal beam 6 at the place of attachment to the vertical stand, and a vertical, multifaceted rod 5 at the free end, inserted with its lower end into the hole in the horizontal foundation beam and reaching the soil surface with the upper end 10. Vertical posts 1 contain holes through which ventilation pipes 3 extend with holes in the space between the layers of covering material. Vertical racks are in contact with each other with lateral faces, while on the one side on the side of each rack, in addition to the inner one located indoors, a groove is made that covers the underlying face with clamping between the underlying face and the groove of the layer of covering material. Lamps 8, other devices / devices for irrigation and processing plants, shading, shielding, monitoring, signaling, monitoring and control of various parameters in the room, for monitoring the integrity of the shelter and others can be attached to the racks 1.

Covering material 22 / single-layer or multilayer film or fabric / covers each pair of vertical posts 1 on top, forming a slightly curved triangle. The material has cutouts 28 (Fig. 7/) at the free edges 12, through which vertical posts penetrate the soil to the foundation. The lateral edges of adjacent strips of covering material have an adhesive layer 29 by which they are glued

to each other. In structures where tightness is not required, and which are disassembled, the adhesive layer can be replaced with a "linden" fastener. The edges 12 are sprinkled with soil or other soil 13. For greater tightness or for water retention, the edges of the inner layer of the covering material are bent not outside the room / 12 in figure 2 /, but inside the room along horizontal bars 4 of the inner posts with the formation of element 11. Thanks to the rods 5, the edges of the inner layer are bent upwards, which in the greenhouse will help to retain moisture above element 11.

The front and rear walls of the structure are made in the form of vertical walls formed by two vertical posts 15, similar to posts 1, but with a covering material 22 stretched under them, and a horizontal beam 16, which is deepened into the ground, but not completely filled up. Racks 15, beam 16 and the door or gate box form a frame, in which layers of covering material 22 are inserted. Fans are mounted on the racks 15 and beam 16, or better fan heaters 20, 21. Inner parallel to the front and rear walls are the inner walls of the lock chamber 24, formed by pulling layers of covering material between a pair of internal struts 1, a horizontal beam of the foundation and boxes of doors or gates. To secure the covering material, its edges 27, between the racks 1 and 15, a clamp 25 is installed between the racks 1, in which there are recesses for installing the grooves of the racks 1. The racks 1, 15 and the clamp 25 are bolted with nuts 26. Between the strut 15 and the clamp 25, and also between the clamp 25 and the rack 1 are attached the edges of the covering material 22, forming the front wall / 6 /. Doors or gates are double-leaf with sealing clamps 18, opening by turning and removing the handle 19 from the socket. Doors or gates are multilayered from layers of soft material stretched between the frames, or from layers of hard material. Doors or gates are double-sided: at the entrance to the room, doors with

inside, when leaving the room, doors are sealed from the outside. For a smooth entry into the room, the upper edge of the beam 16 is covered with a dense material 23.

When installing the structure above the surface of the reservoir, the foundation is made in the form of a horizontal three-layer frame. The top layer of the frame in the form of beams connected by the vertices 37 contains holes 9 for installing the rods 2 of the uprights 1. The middle layer of the frame is formed by foam material 35, which is pushed out of the water. The bottom layer of the frame is formed by a heavy metal load 36 holding the foam under water near surface 39 / .10/. The horizontal beam of the foundation 7, in addition to the edges of the covering material, carries the beams of the berth. The foundation under the doors carries the edge of the walkways / gangways /, stretched from the shore. In the lower free edges of the covering material, holes are made, edged with metal, into which loads are hung on hooks.

By means of fan heaters 20, air is supplied between the layers through pipes or hoses with openings 3, which heats up or does not heat up, which depends on the inclusion or non-inclusion of heaters of fan heaters 20. Air is drawn off through similar hoses or pipes with openings 3 located at the bottom. Similarly, heated or unheated air is supplied into the room using fan heaters 21. The fan 20, which supplies air to the voids between the two outer layers of the covering material, contains an oscillating circuit in its electric circuit, due to which its rotation speed changes periodically, causing the covering material to vibrate and shake off him snow. Thanks to the heating of the air between the layers, the ice formed on the covering material melts, and the ice moves down with the snow. The voids between the layers of the covering material can be filled with different materials in different forms: powdery, pasty, jelly-like, oily, gel-like, foamy, glue, waxy, fibrous, sawdust-like, chip-like, etc.

The voids between the transparent covering material of the greenhouse for plants can also be filled with gas other than air, for example, carbon dioxide to create a thermostatic effect, then the fans 20 will be absent and the hoses 3 will be connected to the carbon dioxide cylinders.

When placing the structure on another planet, powder 13 is made with a thicker layer of soil than on Earth, the fans are located indoors. Between the layers, air pressure gradually decreases outwardly. The air in the room is heated at low temperatures outside the structure by fan heaters and cooled at high temperatures outside the structure in indoor refrigeration units, and the outer layer of the covering material is made reflective to avoid overheating. For anti-meteor protection, the Arena mines are located around the structure half-buried in the ground of the planet, radio antennas are mounted on the upper beam 6, control and monitoring systems are connected to them by cables laid under the ground of the planet below the basement level.

A refrigeration chamber containing a refrigeration unit of the type used in vegetable depots can be placed inside a structure.

In addition to a refrigerator, a pavilion for an exhibition, a station, an auditorium, a disco, a dining room, a room with ATMs or receptors for handing out cases, a greenhouse or a greenhouse with plants, machine tools, a turbine of a power station, a hangar with airplanes, a garage with cars, can be placed in the building boathouse for receiving surface or underwater equipment, including pop-up air trains, boathouse with airship, in the case of using durable covering materials, a farm or a shelter for livestock and other animals can be placed in it.

The construction can be repeatedly assembled and disassembled. When assembling, trenches for the beams 7, 16, 6 of the foundation are first torn off,

then they fix vertical racks 1 in a pair on the upper beam 6. After installing pairs of racks of each level, covering material from the roll is applied to them, its edges are glued together, free edges are sprinkled with soil 13. Hoses or pipes with holes 3 are pulled into the holes in the racks 1 , lighting, signaling wires, etc. equipment. As the covering material is fixed between its layers, it is poured, the filler is poured, if any. After fixing the covering material between its layers, the space can be filled with gases other than air.

Dismantling of the structure is carried out in the reverse order. The edges of the covering material in this case or apart if they are made on the clasps, or cut. In the latter case, to reconnect the edges, it will be necessary to have narrow strips of material lubricated with glue.

Facilities can be used for mass industrialization using intelligent conveyors with the placement of machine tools of state enterprises, which, as productivity and profit grow, will later be transferred to brick buildings. The intellectual conveyor provides for the division of mental labor between design engineers / idea generators / and idea implementing engineers, other categories of engineers. An intelligent conveyor links the private sector to the public sector, allowing most private designers to see the current state of the art, and the public sector to the private sector, allowing conversion products to be used in private enterprises.

The structure can be located not on Earth, but on another planet. Then its interior is sealed by tucking the edges of the covering material and filling it with soil, as well as by gluing the edges of individual adjacent strips of covering material along their contact line, instead of external ventilation there is only

internal ventilation of rooms with air regeneration, a fan with a variable rotation speed for shaking off snow may be absent, the outer layer of the covering material is made reflective with windows glued into it.

Claims (3)

1. A light covering structure for industrial and inhabited premises, comprising a frame for applying covering material, actually covering the multilayer material, voids between the layers filled with air or other gas, and devices for ventilating the media in the room and between the layers, characterized in that in the foundation beams frame racks are inserted, the structure has sealed doors made of covering multilayer material with clamps and lock chambers between the doors, there is a fan heater. supplying air to the voids between the outer layers, having a variable speed of rotation with the possibility of shaking off snow from the covering material by organizing its vibrational movements, the interior is equipped with devices for placing and living plants, or for placing and living animals, or for placing and living people, or for placement and operation of equipment. 2. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the interior is cooled by a refrigeration unit. 3. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the voids between the inner layers of the covering material are filled with different materials in different forms: powdery, jelly-like, oily, gel-like, foam-like, glue, waxy, fibrous, sawdust-like, chip-like.