RU61061U1 - SECTION OF ELECTROLYTE NEUTRALIZATION AND Sludge Disposal - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to systems for servicing and maintaining in working condition, as well as for repairing and restoring the suitability of parts, mainly alkaline nickel-cadmium batteries of railway vehicles. The site of electrolyte neutralization and disposal of sludge from the used electrolyte includes the following installations and devices: installation of the external washing of batteries installed on a draw-out truck; waste electrolyte discharge unit; installation of internal washing of batteries; storage tank of the drained electrolyte to be neutralized; neutralization installation; necessary transport pneumatic and hydraulic systems with appropriate locking equipment and process parameter control systems. The installation for neutralizing the electrolyte and utilization of sludge includes a sealed housing with a hopper for loading and dispensing the neutralizer, a mixing rotor of the neutralizer and the electrolyte with a drive, a sludge receiving unit with a charging device, electrolyte receiving pipes for neutralization, and also a branch pipe for removing excess gas mixture.

2 s.p. f-ly, 7 Fig.

Description

The utility model relates to systems for servicing and maintaining in working condition, as well as for repairing and restoring the suitability of parts, mainly alkaline batteries, in particular nickel-cadmium batteries of railway vehicles.

A device for disposing of used oil filters is known, comprising a device for removing oil, which is made in the form of a sealed chamber, with a fixed one- or multi-tiered annular manifold mounted in a horizontal plane and connected to a pipeline for supplying, for example, water vapor to the chamber, moreover, perforated metal pipes with muffled free ends that are directed upwards are strengthened along the perimeter of the collector tiers, and the central part of the bottom is provided with a pipe Odom for outputting a contaminant into the receptacle [RF patent №51910, B 09 B 3/00, 2005].

Common essential features of the analogue and the proposed utility model are a sealed chamber, perforated manifold pipes, a pipeline for the output of the pollutant, however, the analogue does not provide the transfer of the pollutant into the solid phase and the necessary environmental requirements.

A known installation for washing surfaces from liquid hydrocarbons, containing a base, a housing, a tank for washing solution with a manhole cover, a discharge pump for feeding

mixtures of washing solution and washing products, respective tanks, valves and pumps made rigid or in the form of hoses, and in addition a collection of washing products with a float chamber located inside the tank for washing solution, a device for pumping washing solution and washing products contains an ejector [St. in the Russian Federation No. 13333, B08B 3/02, 3/08, 7/04, 1999].

Common essential features of the analogue and the proposed utility model are the base and the housing, the device for jet washing, tanks, pumps; at the same time, an analog installation is unreasonably complicated in design.

A known apparatus for processing a substrate, including particles contaminated with oil products for disposal, including a first device for mixing the substrate with concentrated mineral acid at high shear loads to obtain a heated acidified mixture; a second device for mixing the mixture from the first device at high shear loads with alkaline earth metal oxide, including lime, taken in an amount that provides an exothermic effect sufficient to evaporate the petroleum products and their reaction products and a device for isolating a solid reaction product from said third device [Eurasian patent No. 006694, F26B 7/00, 17/00, 2002].

The common essential features of the analogue and the proposed utility model are a sequential chain of devices for mixing the substrate sequentially with acid, alkali oxide, including lime, and isolating the reaction product. The scheme requires additional energy and is not universal enough.

A device is known for a neutralizing unit, including two, at least, a settling tank-neutralizer in the form of vertical tanks-settlers with exhaust, sludge pipes, a pipe for compressed air and a discharge pipe installed at the top of the silt

chambers, necessary branch pipes and additional containers for auxiliary materials [Rechargeable batteries of passenger cars. Repair manual, No. 609 TsL - 91 RD, MPS, 1991, pp. 80-83].

The common essential features of the analogue and the proposed utility model are functionally connected containers with connecting pipes and inlet and outlet nozzles, however, the analog device is not environmentally reliable due to the possibility of accidental liquid spills; disposal of products in a liquid state significantly complicates and increases the cost of the process.

The closest to the tasks performed, the set of essential features and the technical nature of the proposed device is a technological line for the preparation, regeneration and distribution of electrolyte, in particular, installations for the preparation of barium oxide hydrate, regeneration of the electrolyte and electrolyte storage, liquid containers having tanks in the form of tanks cubic shape, equipped with nozzles for ventilation, filling, overflow and discharge of liquids, liquid level sensors, pumps for pumping liquids, hydra -crystal and electrical systems, and set the cooking barium hydroxide and electrolyte regeneration equipped with a horizontal mounting plate with placed thereon from above - hob with electric motor and gear, fluid level sensors, the bottom - the rotor mixing liquids; The barium hydroxide preparation plant is additionally equipped with an outer casing filled with a heat insulator, liquid shadows with a temperature sensor, as well as floaters with pushers fixed at the bottom of the mounting plate and a receiving hopper with a slide gate mounted on top of the mounting plate, and a working tank is located at the bottom of the main body cylindrical shape; as liquid level sensors, stationary electrodes and movable electrodes are used,

and as a temperature sensor - a microprocessor type temperature meter TPMIA-HTC.P (KVUF. 420129. 02). [RF patent No. 422354, H01H 61/04, 2004].

Common essential features of the analogue and the proposed utility model are functionally connected containers with connecting pipes and inlet and outlet nozzles for filling, overflow and discharge of liquids, hydraulic and electrical systems, temperature and liquid level control systems; the analogue does not fully meet modern environmental requirements.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to optimize the structural solutions of the site components in order to increase labor productivity and ensure high environmental requirements at work.

The site of electrolyte neutralization and disposal of sludge from the used electrolyte includes the following installations and devices: installation of an external washing of batteries mounted on a draw-out trolley; waste electrolyte discharge unit; installation of internal washing of batteries; storage tank of the drained electrolyte to be neutralized; neutralization installation; necessary transport pneumatic and hydraulic systems with appropriate locking equipment and process parameter control systems.

Like well-known analogues, the proposed utility model is equipped with cases in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped made of corrosion-resistant material, equipped with nozzles for supplying, filling, overflowing and draining liquid and gaseous materials, liquid level sensors, pumps for pumping liquid and gaseous media, hydraulic, pneumatic and electric vehicles systems.

Unlike well-known analogues, the installation of the external washing of the batteries has a base on which a rotating table is mounted

with a mechanical drive with a battery pack mounted on it; on a fixed part of the base there is a shower made of twin L-shaped nozzles equipped with nozzles along the entire length. The treatment area is closed by a loading curtain with a counterweight, which is manually raised and lowered. The waste electrolyte drainage installation comprises a tilter with a mechanical drive, on the site of which the battery pack of the batteries on the draw-out trolley is fixed with the help of a frame and clamp screws. The working area is equipped with a sealed casing with a loading curtain; in the lower part of the installation there is a sealed tank with an intermediate tank and a flip tray, and in the upper part there is a choking device and an exhaust pipe. The internal battery flushing installation includes a sealed case with a loading curtain equipped with a counterweight, a tilter as part of the platform on which the battery block with the draw-out trolley, clamping frame and clamping screws is mounted, a lifting bath movement mechanism with flushing fluid rigidly connected to the cylinder for vertical movement along a rod fixedly mounted on the installation casing and a 180 ° flipping mechanism of the battery pack as part of the tilter frame, electric motor, drive shaft and gearbox, and in the side of the sealed enclosure there is a tray through which the used washing liquid enters the transparency control device in the form of, for example, a glass overflow pipe, as well as pipes for supplying the washing solution and dry air, draining the used washing solution and extractor.

The storage tank of the drained electrolyte to be neutralized is made in the form of a sealed tank, equipped with electrolyte supply and transmission pipes for further processing with a dosing system, as well as filling control devices - level electrodes and test valves; in the upper part of the storage tank there is a ventilation pipe. Electrolyte neutralization and sludge disposal unit

includes a sealed housing with a hopper for loading and dosing the converter, a mixing rotor of the converter and the electrolyte with a drive, a sludge receiving unit with a charging device, electrolyte receiving pipes for neutralization, as well as removal of excess gas mixture. The temperature control device includes a standard temperature sensor located in a sealed enclosure equipped with a heat-conducting filler and a lid.

The device section of the neutralization of the electrolyte and the disposal of sludge is illustrated by schematic drawings: figure 1 - block diagram of the site, figure 2 - installation of an external washing of the batteries, figure 3 - installation of a drain of spent electrolyte, figure 4 - installation of an internal washing of batteries, figure 5 - the storage tank of the drained electrolyte to be neutralized, Fig.6 - installation of neutralization of the electrolyte and disposal of sludge, Fig.7 - a device for controlling temperature.

As part of the proposed utility model (Fig. 1): installation of an external washing of the batteries 1, installation of a discharge of spent electrolyte 2, installation of an internal washing of batteries 3, a storage tank of the drained electrolyte to be neutralized 4, installation of neutralizing the electrolyte and utilizing sludge 5.

Installation of the external washing of the batteries (figure 2) includes a base 6, a rotating table 7 with a mechanical drive 8, a shower 9, an airtight casing 10 with a loading curtain 11, equipped with a counterweight.

The waste electrolyte drainage installation (Fig. 3) contains a base 12, a tilter 13 with a mechanical drive 14, on the site of which the battery pack of the batteries on the drawout trolley is fixed using the frame 15 and clamp screws 16. The working area is closed by a sealed casing 17 with a loading curtain 18, equipped with a counterweight; in the lower part of the installation there is a sealed tank with an intermediate tank 19 with a cross over tray 20, consisting of two parts, and in the upper part there is a scenting device 21 and an exhaust pipe 22.

The installation of internal washing of the batteries (Fig. 4) includes a sealed housing 23 with a loading curtain 24 equipped with a counterweight, a tilter as a part of the platform 25, on which the battery pack with the drawout trolley, the clamping frame 26 and the clamping screws 27, and the mechanism for moving the lifting bath with the washing liquid 28, rigidly connected with the cylinder 29 for vertical movement along the rod 30, fixedly mounted on the housing 23 and the 180 ° flipping mechanism of the battery pack as part of a tilter frame 31, an electric motor 32, Ala drive 33 and gear 34, and in the side of the sealed enclosure is placed a tray 35, through which the used washing liquid enters the transparency control device in the form of, for example, a glass overflow pipe 36, as well as a pipe for supplying washing liquid and dry air, as well as a drain and hoods.

The storage tank of the drained electrolyte to be neutralized (Fig. 5) is made in the form of a sealed tank 37, equipped with electrolyte supply pipes 38 and transmission for subsequent processing 39 with a dosing system, as well as filling control means - level electrodes 40 and test valves 41; in the upper part of the storage tank there is a ventilation pipe 42.

The installation of neutralization of the electrolyte and utilization of sludge (Fig.6) includes a sealed housing 43 with a hopper for loading and dosing the neutralizer 44, a rotor for mixing the neutralizer and electrolyte 45 with a drive 46, a sludge receiving unit with a charging device 47, electrolyte receiving pipes for neutralizing 48, and removal of surplus gas mixture 49.

The temperature control device (Fig. 7) includes a standard temperature sensor 50, a sealed housing 51, a heat-conducting filler 52, and a cover 53.

The proposed utility model works as follows: a roll-out trolley with batteries filled with electrolyte, after

removal from the vehicle is fed to the external washing unit 1 (hereinafter referred to as Fig. 1), mounted on a rotating table with the loading curtain raised, the working space of the installation is sealed by lowering the curtains; through the corresponding nozzles, a washing solution and, at the same time, air under pressure up to 5 atm are supplied, which in the form of a shower falls on the outer surfaces of the batteries. After about 5 minutes of processing, the rotating table is stopped, the flow of the air-water mixture is turned off and the curtain is lifted. If the visual quality control of the washing is satisfactory, the withdrawable trolley with batteries is fed to the electrolyte drain 2, where it is fixed in the tilter, the battery plugs are opened, turned 180 ° to drain the electrolyte, followed by exposure for at least 5 minutes, after which the battery trolley turn in the starting position. Depending on the state of the electrolyte determined by chemical analysis, the discharge is carried out either in a storage tank for subsequent regeneration (not shown in the figure) or in a storage tank for neutralizing and disposing of sludge. After draining, the body of the drawout truck with batteries is rinsed outside. To protect personnel, local suction and special covers are provided. Then, the roll-out trolley with batteries is fed to the internal washing section 3, where it is fixed in the tilter; the lifting bath, previously filled with the washing solution, is lifted with the help of a hydraulic hydraulic lift until the draw-out trolley with batteries is completely sunk. After a short exposure, the lifting bath is lowered to its original position, and the trolley with batteries is turned 180 °, an exposure is provided for the solution to swell, and the operation is repeated 2 or more times. The used solution entering the additional tank is checked for transparency visually or by means of an LED and a lamp mounted on both sides of the control overflow tube located on the outer wall of the tank. After

to achieve the normative transparency of the washing solution, the batteries are purged from the inside with warm air to dry and fed to a reserve site for technological sludge and further use. In this area, using a standard temperature sensor, the temperature of the used washing liquid is provided, the value of which should not exceed 60 ° C.

The electrolyte to be neutralized is supplied to the storage tank of the electrolyte to be neutralized 4, where long-term sedimentation of the electrolyte is provided and which is equipped with devices for monitoring the liquid level in the form of sensors on the inner wall of the tank and / or test valves on the outer wall of the tank, as well as a pump with control device for portioned supply of electrolyte to be neutralized into the tank of the neutralization and disposal of sludge 5. Then, into the hopper with a closed gate valve of the electrolysis neutralization This and sludge utilization load a neutralizer, for example quicklime, and include a device for mixing it.

After loading the catalyst, the amount of which is determined by the accumulated volume of the electrolyte to be neutralized and mixed, the electrolyte is fed into the electrolyte neutralization unit in three or more portions, which, as a result of interaction with the catalyst, turns into a powdery sludge mixture that is removed through the sludge receiving unit with subsequent packaging , for example manually and shipment to the landfill. Excessive gas component is removed using a local suction system equipped with filters and other means of neutralization and protection.

Experimental testing of the process of neutralization of nickel-cadmium electrolyte and utilization of sludge was performed in pilot production; positive results were confirmed by the Tomsk specialized inspection of state environmental control and analysis (a copy of protocol No. 10/4 of January 31, 2006 is attached).

Claims (3)

1. The site of neutralization of the electrolyte and utilization of sludge of mainly nickel-cadmium alkaline batteries of railway vehicles as part of electrolyte drainage systems, electrolyte storage tanks having cubic-shaped tanks equipped with nozzles for supplying, filling, overflowing and draining liquid and gaseous materials, level sensors liquids, pumps for pumping liquid and gaseous media, hydraulic, pneumatic and electric transport systems, environmental protection systems s, characterized in that it additionally includes installations for external washing and internal washing of batteries, neutralizing the electrolyte and disposal of sludge, and the installations for draining the electrolyte and internal washing are equipped with tilters for placing, securing and turning the roll-out trolley with batteries, the electrolyte drain installation has an intermediate tank with flip tray, and the installation of internal flushing - the mechanism of vertical movement of the lifting bath with flushing solution and optionally - a tray for the used wash liquid and the transparency control device of the used solution in the form of, for example, a transparent overflow pipe located on the outside of the unit housing, as well as a pipe for supplying heated air, the storage tank of the electrolyte to be neutralized, has a node for controlling the level of sludge in the form of electrodes on the inside the wall of the housing and test valves from the outside, as well as the dosed electrolyte supply system to be neutralized in the form of a pump with a control unit, installation of a neutral The electrolyte analysis and sludge utilization is equipped with a hopper with a dispenser, for example, in the form of a gate assembly, for loading and dosing the neutralizer, a mixing rotor with a drive, an unloading unit with the possibility of securing containers, such as a bag, for receiving sludge, and a sliz for feeding the sludge for further processing or burial. 2. The plot according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit of unloading and sealing containers is made in the form, for example, of a cone consisting of two or more elastically diverging petals. 3. The plot according to claim 1, characterized in that the stationary level and movable electrodes are used as liquid level sensors, and the microprocessor type temperature meter TPMIA-H-TC.P (КВУФ.420129.02) is used as a temperature sensor.