RU59189U1 - SPACING FRAME AND STAND OF A SPACING FRAME - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of construction of new underground pipelines, including those passing through irrigated areas, in the permafrost zone, at the crossings of small rivers, or can be used in the reconstruction and repair of existing pipelines. The invention was created by a team of authors and developers of TU 4834-121-31323949-2004 approved by Gazprom and includes their provisions. The objective of these technical solutions is to increase the pace of work and the reliability of the framework of the ballasting device, both at the stage of installation on the pipeline (excluding damage to its insulation during deployment and filling its containers with soil), and during operation also eliminating the possibility of damage to the insulation of the pipeline, which due to the specified location and movement of the lower cross members relative to the pipeline, while the coefficient of use of the net volume of the ballast increases mkosti due to the possibility of free motions, and manufacturability racks and frame for ease of design and the possibility of bending to the desired value in any known equipment. The task is achieved in that the spacer frame for the polymer container ballasting device contains the upper - for attaching to them the cargo belts and the polymer cloth filled with ballast containers, and the lower cross members and connecting the upper and lower cross members of the rack, with each rack of the spacer frame is made with a lower end curved or rectilinear bent at a section of its length from the lower end, not exceeding one third of the length of the rack, a section deviated from the longitudinal axis of the rack in

side of the pipeline laid in the trench. At the same time, the lower cross member or end part of the said curved or bent section has the ability to lean on the bottom of the trench along a line parallel to the given axis of the pipeline located within the projection of its contour, with the possibility of shifting the lower cross member or end part of the said portion of the rack to the pipeline without support on the surface of the pipeline after loading the containers with ballast or when a buoyant force is applied to the pipeline. The spacer frame is made collapsible on racks and crossbars. To solve the above problem, the strut frame of the polymer container ballasting device is made with a lower end curved or rectilinear bent at a section of its length from the lower end, not exceeding one third of the length of the rack, a section deviated from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of the pipeline laid in the trench. The deviation from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of its straight end section laid in the pipeline trench is up to 30 ° or the deviation from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of its curved end section laid in the pipeline trench is determined by the position of the tangent to the curved section.

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of construction of new underground pipelines, including those passing through irrigated areas, in the permafrost zone, at the crossings of small rivers, or can be used in the reconstruction and repair of existing pipelines. The invention was created by a team of authors and developers of TU 4834-121-31323949-2004 approved by Gazprom and includes their provisions.

It is known to use in a polymer container ballasting device that includes tanks filled with mineral soil connected with flexible jumpers superimposed on a pipeline — rigid rectangular horizontally located frames formed by uprights and crossbars and made of strip. The walls of the containers to these frames are suspended and made of flexible, having openings for water drainage or waterproof material, flexible jumpers are attached to the containers at the corners of their rectangular frames, and the tank covers equipped with hinged panels are attached to the sides of the frames not adjacent to the pipeline (SU, No. 769178, 1980).

Rectangular stiffeners are known to be used in a polymer container ballasting device that are inclined in a trench. The upper and lower flexible rods are connected, respectively, with the sides of the said frames most distant from each other and with the parts of the frames least remote from each other. In this case, the capacities of the polymer container ballasting device are made of textile material, for example, TBG-360 (TU 6-06-6-67-87) or TP-110 (TU 6-13-0204024-34-89), the envelope of the frame with the formation of the bottom , front and back walls of tanks and anti-erosion partitions located on the sides of each tank (BCH 39-19-003-98 Designs and methods for ballasting and fixing underground gas pipelines, Gazprom, M., 1998, p.6).

The closest known is the spacer frame polymer container ballasting device (RU, No. 2244194, C1, publ. 10.01.2005). This polymer container ballasting device uses two stiffening frames placed on both sides of the pipeline, each of which is formed by cross members and uprights. The frames are fastened with containers filled with soil from panels of polymer technical fabric, as well as upper and lower cargo belts. The stiffening spacers are made in a curved shape with a height exceeding the diameter of the ballasted pipeline, the bending of each stiffening frame is made at an obtuse angle, and the lower part of each frame is placed with a slope towards the pipeline with respect to the bottom of the trench, while the polymeric technical fabric placed along the pipeline provides the support of the spacer frames on the soil of the bottom of the trench both when filling the tanks with soil, and when the pipeline is exposed to an ejection load. - The proposed technical solution is the development and further improvement of the above invention.

Known solutions, in the presence of a number of positive design and operational characteristics, do not fully provide the required efficiency of using the entire volume of its containers, ease of operation and reliability of ballasting without the possibility of damage to the pipeline insulation, both when placing the device in the trench and during operation. This is due to the fact that the spacer frames, due to the constant (both during loading and during operation of the pipeline) bearing on the bottom of the trench, allow some vertical movement of the pipeline, as a result of which the lower part of the frame moves (by a predetermined amount) to the side pipeline, holding it in a new position from further ascent. Thus, the known device does not fully protect the pipeline from damage during operation, and does not exclude the possibility of its partial ascent.

The objective of these technical solutions is to increase the pace of work and the reliability of the framework of the ballasting device, both at the stage of installation on the pipeline (excluding damage to its insulation during deployment and filling its containers with soil), and during operation also eliminating the possibility of damage to the insulation of the pipeline, which due to the specified location and movement of the lower cross members relative to the pipeline, while the coefficient of use of the net volume of the ballast increases mkosti due to the possibility of free motions, and manufacturability racks and frame for ease of design and the possibility of bending to the desired value in any known equipment.

The task is achieved in that the spacer frame for the polymer container ballasting device (PKBU-MK) contains the upper - for attaching load belts and polymer to them

the panels of containers filled with ballast, and the lower cross members and connecting the upper and lower cross members of the rack, with each strut of the spacer frame made with a lower end curved or rectilinear bent at a section of its length from the lower end, not exceeding one third of the length of the rack, a section deviated from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of the pipeline laid in the trench. At the same time, the lower cross member or end part of the said curved or bent section has the ability to lean on the bottom of the trench along a line parallel to the given axis of the pipeline located within the projection of its contour, with the possibility of shifting the lower cross member or end part of the said portion of the rack to the pipeline without support on the surface of the pipeline after loading the containers with ballast or when a buoyant force is applied to the pipeline. The spacer frame is made collapsible on racks and crossbars.

To solve the above problem, the strut frame of the polymer container ballasting device is made with a lower end curved or rectilinear bent at a section of its length from the lower end, not exceeding one third of the length of the rack, a section deviated from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of the pipeline laid in the trench. The deviation from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of its straight end section laid in the pipeline trench is up to 30 ° or the deviation from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of its curved end section laid in the pipeline trench is determined by the tangent position to the curved section.

Figure 1 shows the spacer frame with a deviated angle β, (having values up to 30 °) from the longitudinal axis of its rack with a straight end section;

Figure 2 shows the spacer frame with a radius r deflected along the arc at an angle β, (having values up to 30 °) from the longitudinal axis of its rack with a curved end section;

Figure 3 schematically shows a front view of the spacer frames in a polymer container ballasting device laid on the pipeline (without loading the containers with ballast);

Figure 4 - presents a diagram of the operation of the spacer frame in the polymer container ballasting device in the process of loading containers and operating the pipeline (containers are conventionally not shown).

The spacer stiffness framework as one example can be used in a polymer container ballasting device, which in this embodiment consists of two stacked on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the pipeline 1 and formed by struts 2 and cross-pieces - the upper 3 and lower 4 of the mentioned stiffening frames, to the upper 3 of which are attached containers filled with ballast 5 and 6, formed by a single cloth 7 of a polymer technical fabric, for example TBG-360 (TU 6-06-6-67-87) or TP-110 (TU 6-13-0204024-34- 89), a pair of side walls 8. Each I from the side walls 8 is made in the form of a piece of cloth sewn along its three sides to a single cloth 7 in the area of its length, falling from the pipeline, freely sagging in the space bounded by the frame. The kerchiefs 9 are made of pieces of cloth and each of them is fixed on two sides - to the upper 10 and to the lower 11 belts, and the third side is freely placed in the cavity of the tank 5 or 6 overlap on the cloth of the side wall 8 on its non-sewn side. The lower cross members 4 of two containers are connected to each other by an envelope from above the pipeline 1, the lower cargo belt 11, sewn from below to a single panel 7 on a part of the length of the belt, preferably in the middle part or in sections remote from the middle part, but not end sections. The upper cross members 3 are connected

between each other by the upper cargo belts 10. Each strut 2 of the stiffening frame of rigidity is made with the lower end section 12 - curved along the arc of radius "r" or curved rectilinear, which is deviated from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of the pipe 1 laid in the trench with the possibility of supporting the lower cross member 4 or the end of section 12 to the bottom of the trench along a line parallel to the pipe axis at a given location, preferably located within the projection of its contour (Fig. 3). At the same time, it is possible to displace the lower cross member 4 or the end part of section 12 to the pipeline 1 without supporting the end section 12 on the surface of the pipeline 1 both when loading and after loading containers with ballast or when the pipeline 1 is subjected to buoyancy during operation. The lower cargo belt can be selected with a length L [m] of at least 4.6 pipe radius or its length can be more accurately determined from the condition L = KR (π + 2), where K is an experimentally determined dimensionless coefficient numerically equal to 0.9 -1.10 and taking into account the unevenness of the bottom of the trench, the depth of the pipeline into the soil of the bottom of the trench under its own weight, and the physical condition of the soil of the bottom of the trench, for example, its moisture content. (The values of K = 0.9 and more are taken with a sufficiently supple base under the pipeline, and the values of K = 1.10 or less, taken with significant irregularities in the base on which the pipeline is laid). R [m] is the outer radius of the pipeline onto which the polymer container ballasting device is laid, π is a constant value numerically equal to 3.14. The lower cargo belt 11, as an option, can be formed by a panel sewn from below to a single panel along its width and / or along its edges in a section enveloping the pipeline. In addition, the lower cargo belt 11 can be structurally combined in a section covering the pipeline with a single panel 7, i.e. a single panel is functionally on this

plot and lower cargo belt. In this case, at least half the radius of the pipeline, not less than half the radius of the pipeline, are sewn along the edges or at least in one row along the width of the cloth 1 loop or eye of the cloth material to the lower cargo belt 11 for placing the lower cross-member 4 in them below the horizontal horizontal plane of the pipeline equal to the width of a single panel 1. The spacers of the polymer container ballasting device can be made collapsible. At the same time, a piece of panel of the side wall sewn with a single panel falling from the pipeline on a section of its length from the lower cross member (or above it to the edge of the side wall) to the upper cross member can be made with stitches sewn along it or with a longitudinal eye for placement rack 2, formed by the firmware along its free edge, for example, with its hem or overlay piece of cloth.

When installing the polymer-container ballasting device on the pipeline 1, located in the trench, deploy a single panel 7 of fabric TBG-360 (TU 6-06-6-67-87) or TP-110 (TU 6-13-0204024-34- 89) or the like, forming when attaching it to a stiffening spacer frame made of struts 2 and crossbars 3 and 4, containers 5 and 6. The frames have bends on the struts 2 in the lower part, which allow the longitudinal axis of the lower crosspiece 4 to be placed outside the plane of the spacer frame with its shift towards the pipeline 1. This ensures the possibility of guaranteed Denia cross member 4, resting on the ground or the bottom of the trench located above them when installing the device in the pipeline to the pipeline wall without touching and damaging it. Sagging of a single panel 7 into each frame and hanging it only to the upper cross members 3 provides unloading of the lower cross member 4 located under the panel 7, and thereby does not affect the nature of its movement under the action of forces F along an arcuate trajectory with

with a radius close to the radius "R", to the pipeline, excluding the possibility of touching its insulation. Bearing on the ground of the cross member 4 also completely eliminates its arbitrary movement to the pipeline 1 during installation and at the beginning of the ballast loading, which eliminates damage to its insulation. As the mass of the loaded ballast increases, the cross member 4 is displaced to the pipeline 1 by the value “e” (FIG. 2) and hung on the lower cargo belt 11 at a height “h” (FIG. 2). The presence of the limb of the end section 12 of the rack 2 creates reactive forces that prevent its contact with the pipeline, which is experimentally confirmed.

The side walls 8, each made in the form of a piece of cloth sewn along its three sides to a single cloth 7 in a section of its length from the lower cross member 4 to the upper cross member 3, provide filling of the containers and holding the ballast material together with the scarves 9 made of the cloth and fixed on two of their sides - to the upper 10 and lower 11 belts, and the third side - freely placed in the cavity of the tank 5 or 6 overlap on the panel of the side wall 8 on its not sewn side. This ensures an increase in the volume of the tank and the possibility of some of its deformation without violating its integrity, both in the process of loading ballast and during operation with possible subsidence of the soil. As another option, a simplified design of containers 5 and 6 is possible - without scarves 9, but with a larger size of side walls 8, which are sewn in this case to the upper belts 10. When attempting to ascend a pipeline, the center of mass of each container with ballast is shifted to the pipeline, and the absence of direct attachment of the container panel to the lower cross member ensures its movement in the direction of the pipeline, significantly less than the movement of the center of mass of the container. Various options for the location of the lower cargo belt 11 provide a fairly wide selection of loading schemes, determined by the diameter of the pipeline,

soil properties of the trench and the properties of the panel and ballast. The implementation of the spacer frames of the polymer container ballasting device collapsible increases its manufacturability and maintainability, as well as the conditions of transportation to the object.

The proposed spacer frame and rack for use in a polymer-container ballasting device has high manufacturability, provide reliability in operation.

Claims (6)

1. A spacer frame for a polymer container ballasting device, comprising upper frames for attaching cargo belts and a polymer sheet to containers filled with ballast, and lower cross members and connecting upper and lower cross members of the rack, characterized in that each strut of the spacer frame is made with a lower end curvilinear or rectilinear bent at a section of its length from the lower end, not exceeding one third of the length of the rack, a section deviated from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of the pipe laid in the trench plumbing. 2. The spacer frame according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower cross member or end part of said curved or bent section has the ability to lean on the bottom of the trench along a line parallel to the given axis of the pipeline located within the projection of its contour, with the possibility of shifting the lower cross member or the end of the said section of the rack to the pipeline without resting on the surface of the pipeline after loading the containers with ballast or when a buoyant force is applied to the pipeline. 3. The spacer frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer frame is made collapsible on racks and crossbars. 4. The strut strut of the polymer container ballasting device, characterized in that it is made with a lower end curved or rectilinear bent at a section of its length from the lower end, not exceeding one third of the length of the rack, a section deviated from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of the pipeline laid in the trench . 5. The strut frame according to claim 4, in which the deviation from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the direction of its straight end section laid in the pipeline trench is up to 30 ° 6. The strut frame according to claim 4, in which the deviation from the longitudinal axis of the rack towards the curved end section laid in the pipeline trench is determined by the position of the tangent to the curved section.