RU58661U1 - DIRECT VORTEX BURNER (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

The direct-flow vortex burner consists of a casing with a perforated side wall and a swirl, and a casing located on the periphery of the casing and forming an annular collector with it; inside the housing, a central duct and a gas duct are installed coaxially with it and each other, which are covered by a peripheral gas duct; a perforated cup is mounted at the outlet of the central duct, and a swirler is mounted at the outlet of the peripheral gas duct; the annular manifold is muffled from the air outlet side. In a direct-flow vortex burner, the annular collector in the area of the perforated wall of the housing is divided by transverse partitions into sections, each of which is connected to an air source and at least one of them to a source of gaseous fuel or products of combustion, or inert gas. The direct-flow vortex burner consists of a casing with a perforated side wall and a swirl, and a casing located on the periphery of the casing and forming an annular collector with it; inside the housing, a central duct and a gas duct are installed coaxially with it and each other, which are covered by a peripheral gas duct; the swirl is installed at the output of the peripheral gas duct; the annular manifold is muffled from the air outlet side; in the zone after the swirl, the lateral surfaces of the central duct and the peripheral gas duct have through radial holes; the end of the central duct is plugged, and axial holes are made in the end of the peripheral gas duct, located at the level of the radial holes of the central duct. Effect: increasing the efficiency, reliability and environmental safety of burning gaseous fuels, reducing metal consumption and weight, reducing cost. 2 s.p. f-ly, 1 z.p. crystals, 3 Fig., 1 tab.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of energy, in particular, to burners, and can be used for burning gas-air fuel in industrial furnaces and other combustion plants. Gas-air burners (direct-flow, vortex, or combined) are widely known, consisting of a casing, a housing, containing air supply and gas supply channels inside, mounted in different ways, equipped with swirls of various types and nozzles; having other working devices.

[see, for example, A.S. USSR No. 577999, IPC F 23 D 17/00, publ. 1974; p. RF №2012839, IPC F 23 D 17/00, publ. 1994, p. Of the Russian Federation No. 2027101, IPC F 23 D 14/00, publ. 1995, catalogs and brochures of the US company Todd Combustion, the German company Weishaupt, the Russian company Ecotop, etc.]

The described burners, made mainly of high alloy steels, have high weight and metal consumption (depending on the power of the power plant), low efficiency and environmental safety of fuel combustion.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed utility model is a vortex burner, consisting of a casing with a perforated side wall and a swirl, and a casing located on the periphery of the casing and forming an annular collector with it; inside the casing, a central duct with a nozzle is installed coaxially with it and with each other. Moreover, the annular collector is open on both sides, and the swirl is installed at the entrance to the housing.

[cm. A.S. USSR No. 926433, declared 10/20/1980, publ. 01/07/1982, IPC F 23 D 15/04].

The prototype burner has the disadvantages traditional for such devices, namely:

- low efficiency due to high aerodynamic drag and single-stage combustion of fuel, which reduces the formation of a reducing atmosphere in the root and center of the flame and does not allow to reduce excess air;

- low environmental safety due to the limited ability to suppress the formation and emissions of nitrogen oxides and other harmful substances;

- high weight, metal consumption and cost.

The objective of this utility model is to increase the efficiency, reliability, and environmental safety of gaseous fuel combustion.

The problem is solved in that in the known direct-flow swirl burner, consisting of a casing with a perforated side wall and a swirl, and a casing located on the periphery of the casing and forming an annular collector with it; inside the casing, a central air duct and gas duct are installed coaxially with it and each other, ACCORDING TO THE USEFUL MODEL (according to option 1), the central air duct and gas duct are covered by a peripheral gas duct; a perforated cup is mounted at the outlet of the central duct, and a swirler is mounted at the outlet of the peripheral gas duct; the annular manifold is muffled from the air outlet side.

In a direct-flow vortex burner, ACCORDING TO THE USEFUL MODEL (according to option 1), the annular collector in the area of the perforated wall of the housing is divided by transverse partitions into sections, each of which is connected to an air source and at least one of them to a source of gaseous fuel or combustion products, or inert gas.

In a direct-flow vortex burner, consisting of a casing with a perforated side wall and a swirl, and a casing located on the periphery of the casing and forming an annular collector with it; inside the casing, a central air duct and gas duct are installed coaxially with it and each other, ACCORDING TO THE USEFUL MODEL (according to option 2), the central air duct and gas duct are covered by a peripheral gas duct; the swirl is installed at the output of the peripheral gas duct; the annular manifold is muffled from the air outlet side; in the zone after the swirl, the lateral surfaces of the central duct and the peripheral gas duct have through radial holes; the end of the central duct is plugged, and axial holes are made in the end of the peripheral gas duct, located at the level of the radial holes of the central duct.

The design of the claimed direct-flow vortex burner provides increased efficiency, reliability, and environmental safety of burning gas-air fuel by creating conditions for stabilizing combustion, controlling its modes to reduce the formation of thermal oxides and lower the temperature of the flame, to intensify the mixing of gases with air, etc.

Analysis of the known technical solutions allows us to conclude that the claimed utility model is not known from the level of the technology being studied, which indicates its compliance with the criterion of "novelty."

The possibility of manufacturing the proposed direct-flow vortex burner at domestic enterprises of instrumentation from cheap structural steels using known methods and techniques indicates that the utility model meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The inventive ramjet burner is schematically represented in the figures:

figure 1 - direct-flow vortex burner according to option 1 (the first paragraph of the formula);

figure 2 - direct-flow swirl burner according to option 1 (2nd paragraph of the formula);

figure 3 - the zone after the swirl straight-flow vortex burner according to option 2 (3rd paragraph of the formula).

Designations in the figures.

1 - case

2 - perforated side wall of the housing

3 - swirl

4 - casing

5 - ring collector

6 - central duct

7 - central gas duct

8 - peripheral gas duct

9 - perforated cup

10 - sections

11 - holes for radial gas supply

12 - holes for axial gas supply

13 - holes for radial air supply

The inventive direct-flow swirl burner consists of a housing 1 with a perforated side wall 2 and a swirler 3; a casing 4 located on the periphery of the casing 1 and forming an annular collector 5. Inside the casing 1, a central air duct 6 and a gas duct 7 are installed coaxially with it and each other, which covers the peripheral gas duct 8. A perforated cup 9 is mounted at the outlet of the central air duct 6, and a swirl 3 is installed at the outlet of the peripheral gas duct 8. The annular collector 5 is plugged from the air outlet side (see the first paragraph of the formula and FIG. 1).

The annular collector 5 in the area of the perforated wall 2 of the housing 1 is divided by transverse partitions into sections 10, each of which is connected to an air source and at least one of them to a source of gaseous fuel or products of combustion, or inert gas (see the second paragraph of the formula and figure 2).

Direct-flow swirl burner consists of a housing 1 with a perforated side wall 2 and a swirl 3; a casing 4, located on the periphery of the casing 1 and forming an annular collector 5. Inside the casing 1, a central air duct 6 and a gas duct 7 are installed coaxially with it and each other, which covers the peripheral gas duct 8. A swirler 3 is installed at the output of the peripheral gas duct 8; the annular manifold 5 is muffled from the air outlet side; in the area after the swirl 3, the side surfaces of the central duct 6 and the peripheral gas duct 8 have through radial holes 11 and 13; the end face of the central duct 6 is muffled, and at the end of the peripheral gas duct 8, located at the level of the radial holes 13 of the central duct 6, axial holes 13 are made (see the 3rd paragraph of the formula and figure 3).

The inventive ramjet burner operates as follows.

The main part of the air (30-50% of the total volume) enters through the nozzle into the housing 1 to the swirler 3, where it is swirled and mixed with the second part of the air (35-25% of the total volume) entering the annular manifold 5 through the perforated side wall 2 of the housing 1 A third part of the air (35-25% of the total volume) is supplied through a central air duct 6 to a perforated glass 9, where it is pre-mixed with a part of the gaseous fuel (natural gas and / or generator gas and / or coke oven gas and / or inert gases : flue gas combustion products VA, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapor) flowing through the central gas duct 7. The main part of the gaseous fuel is supplied through the peripheral gas duct to the combustion zone, where it is ignited by the axial reverse current created by swirling air in the swirler 3 and is supported by a system of radial jets injected through the perforated side wall 2 of the housing 1 and the perforated glass 9. The operation of the burner is controlled by changing the twist intensity of the formed torch and the intensity of the mixing processes to mponentov-gas fuel. Moreover, the created jet stabilization system of combustion, which is a prepared mixture of part of the air with gaseous fuel, provides ignition with reduced local excess air, prolonged burning of this mixture, lowering the combustion temperature, lengthening the residence time of part of the primary combustion products in the zone of the reducing gas atmosphere, and reducing the formation of thermal oxides by their reduction (see the first paragraph of the formula, the first option, figure 1).

In a direct-flow vortex burner, air and other components of gas-air fuel are supplied to the annular manifold 5 through sections 10, which makes it possible to control

the intensity of peripheral injection, organize the scheme of staged combustion, reduce the temperature of the torch and, therefore, increase the efficiency of the burner (see the second paragraph of the formula, the first option, figure 2).

In a direct-flow vortex burner, a part of the gaseous fuel is introduced into the air stream through the axial through-holes 12 of the peripheral gas duct 8 located after the swirl 3, which implements the zone-by-line injection of fuel into the air stream, organizing combustion zones with various excess air to suppress the formation of nitrogen oxides, as well enhances the stabilization of combustion, intensifying the preliminary mixing of gas with air (see the 3rd paragraph of the formula, 2nd option, figure 3).

The characteristics of the known gas burners and the inventive straight-through-swirl burners are shown in the table.

As can be seen from the description of the design of the inventive direct-flow swirl burner, its operation and table data, the use of a utility model in comparison with the known burner taken as a prototype [see A.S. USSR No. 926433, declared 10/20/1980, publ. 01/07/1982, IPC F 23 D 15/04], provides the following technical and socially useful benefits:

- increase in efficiency and reliability;

- increase the environmental safety of fuel combustion;

- reduction of metal consumption and weight;

- cost reduction.

Table
CHARACTERISTICS OF GAS BURNERS No. p / p The name of indicators Well-known, industrial-developed analogues Prototype A.S. USSR No. 926433 The inventive burner one Efficiency: - excess air 1.15 ÷ 1.25; 1,07 ÷ 1,1 1,02 ÷ 1,04 1,02 ÷ 1,03 - completeness of fuel combustion, mg / cub. m 10 ÷ 20; 50 ÷ 100 50 ÷ 100 10 ÷ 15 2 Environmental Safety: reduction in content, mg / cub. m - CO 100 ÷ 200; 10 ÷ 20; 50 ÷ 100 10 ÷ 20 10 ÷ 15 - NOx 100 ÷ 120; 200 ÷ 220; 300 ÷ 500 100 ÷ 115 70 ÷ 80 3 Weight, kg 3 ÷ 5 to 100 ÷ 200 3 ÷ 5 to 100 ÷ 200 15 ÷ 20% reduction

Claims (3)

1. Direct-flow vortex burner, consisting of a casing with a perforated side wall and a swirl, and a casing located on the periphery of the casing and forming an annular collector with it, inside the casing are installed central to it and to each other central duct and gas duct, characterized in that the central duct and the gas duct are covered by a peripheral gas duct, a perforated cup is mounted at the outlet of the central duct, and the swirl is installed at the outlet of the peripheral gas duct, the annular manifold is plugged from the outlet side air. 2. The straight-flow vortex burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular collector in the area of the perforated wall of the housing is divided by transverse partitions into sections, each of which is connected to an air source and at least one of them to a source of gaseous fuel or combustion products, or inert gas. 3. A straight-flow vortex burner, consisting of a casing with a perforated side wall and a swirl, and a casing located on the periphery of the casing and forming an annular collector with it; and the gas duct are covered by the peripheral gas duct, the swirl is installed at the output of the peripheral gas duct, the annular collector is muffled from the air outlet side, in the area after the swirl, the side surfaces of the central air water and the peripheral gas duct have through radial holes, the end of the central duct is plugged, and axial holes are made at the end of the peripheral gas duct, located at the level of the radial holes of the central duct.