CN201187773Y - Pulverized coal boiler using internal combustion type combustor - Google Patents
Pulverized coal boiler using internal combustion type combustor Download PDFInfo
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- CN201187773Y CN201187773Y CNU2008200048284U CN200820004828U CN201187773Y CN 201187773 Y CN201187773 Y CN 201187773Y CN U2008200048284 U CNU2008200048284 U CN U2008200048284U CN 200820004828 U CN200820004828 U CN 200820004828U CN 201187773 Y CN201187773 Y CN 201187773Y
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- Prior art keywords
- burner
- pulverized coal
- coal
- boiler
- internal combustion
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 210000004894 snout Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000143973 Libytheinae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000004282 Grewia occidentalis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 comprises NO Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a pulverized coal fired boiler which adopts an internal combustion type burner. The pulverized coal fired boiler is composed of a wall type combustion furnace or a four-corner firing furnace and a plurality of pulverized coal burners at side walls or four corners. The pulverized coal fired boiler is characterized in that the whole or part of the pulverized coal burner is in internal combustion type structures and keeps working by an ignition source during the operation of the boiler; a plurality of burnout wind spouts are arranged at the side wall of the upper part of a hearth above a main combustion area which is formed at the pulverized coal fired burner. The utility model can effectively restrain the generation amount of NOx during pulverized coal combustion to realize the emission reduction of NOx under the premise of guaranteeing the no reduction of the combustion efficiency of the boiler. Not only charges for disposing nitrogen oxides paid by electric power plants can be enormously saved, but also considerable social benefits are brought due to high efficiency and environment protection of the pulverized coal fired boiler.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler.Particularly relate to and adopt the internal combustion shaped burner to realize the pulverized-coal fired boiler that nitrogen oxide reduces discharging.
Background technology
Nitrogen oxide (mainly comprises NO, NO
2, N
2O, N
2O
3, N
2O
4And N
2O
5Deng, general designation NOx) environment that the mankind are depended on for existence and mankind itself's harm is extremely serious: on the one hand, NOx is the principal element that forms acid rain; NOx can form photochemical fog together with hydrocarbon under certain condition and destroy atmospheric environment on the other hand, and the serious harm human health worsens human environment of depending on for existence.Along with developing rapidly of China's industry, the NOx pollution problem more and more obtains people's attention.
Coal burning boiler of power station is one of main source of NOx discharging.According to statistics, China's nitrogen oxide emission was about 1,177 ten thousand tons in 2002, and wherein about 63% discharging comes from fire coal.Therefore, be the protection environment, must reduce the NOx discharge capacity of station boiler.
Station boiler NOx discharge-reducing method mainly divides two big classes: low NOx combusting technology in the stove (suppressing NOx in stove generates) and gas denitrifying technology (reducing the NOx that has generated at afterbody).The out of stock technology of flue gas is because initial cost is huge, and operating cost is very high, and floor space is bigger, and some can't satisfy its space requirement with unit.Therefore, the more employing of China is low NOx combusting technology at present, reduces the discharging of nitrogen oxide.
The NOx that steam coal burning generates is mainly the N element generates in the coal dust fuel type NOx (accounting for 75%~90%) and because high-temp combustion makes N in the air
2The heating power type NOx (accounting for 10%~25%) that reaction generates.The principal element of NOx growing amount has ignition temperature, excess air coefficient, fuel nitrogen content and the time of staying when influencing coal dust firing.Therefore, the main path that control NOx generates is: (1) reduction ignition temperature level prevents to produce the localized hyperthermia district; (2) reduce main combustion zone oxygen concentration, burning is carried out under the condition of deviation theory air capacity; (3) rationalization's combustion-gas flow reduces NOx in flame.
The coal burner of current boiler factory design is commonly open fire type.During normal operation, reached the ignition temperature of coal dust in the burner hearth, directly sprayed into coal dust in the burner hearth, be subjected to the photothermy of the advection heat of high temperature reflux flue gas and furnace flame and progressively catch fire, burn by burner, and in the upper furnace zone after-flame.When boiler adopts this conventional combustion system operation, catch fire and steady purpose of firing for reaching, must guarantee has very high temperature and higher oxygen concentration in the main combustion zone of boiler, and therefore the growing amount of NOx is very big in main combustion zone.
At present the adoptable low NOx combusting technology of factory's boiler mainly contains: air classification combustion technology, fuel-staged combustion technology, catch fire overheavy firing and combustion technology etc. more in advance.But for the boiler that conventional open fire type burner has been installed when using these technology, have to consider the air distribution tissue after coal dust sprays into burner hearth, satisfy coal powder ignition, the surely combustion and the requirement of after-flame, can not make combustion reaction excessively depart from stoichiometric ratio during operation, thereby the degree of fuel staging and air classification is limited, and the effect that NOx reduces discharging also is restricted.And these The Application of Technology can exert an influence to the burning tissue in the stove usually, make the efficiency of combustion of boiler be subjected to influence to a certain degree.
Therefore, station boiler presses for a kind of efficient low NOx combusting technology that steady combustion and efficiency of combustion are not exerted an influence, and satisfies the requirement that generating plant pulverized coal boiler NOx reduces discharging.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that adopts internal combustion burner, is not reducing under the condition that boiler surely fires ability and coal dust firing efficient to solve, and reduces the pulverized coal combustion problem of NOx.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that it is made up of some coal burners of wall firing stove or coner firing stove and sidewall thereof or four jiaos, described some coal burners are all or part of to be the structure of internal combustion type and incendiary source maintenance work in boiler running process, upper furnace sidewall or four corners position on the primary zone that coal burner forms are provided with several after-flame wind snouts.
Described a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that adopts internal combustion burner, in burner, be divided into the breeze airflow in the wind is carried out deep or light separation, the higher coal dust of concentration enters in the central tube, the coal dust that concentration is lower enters some grades of combustion barrel structures in the afterburning tube, and incendiary source is positioned at central tube.
Described a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that adopts internal combustion burner, described incendiary source adopts plasma generator or small oil gun; Burner is DC burner or turbulent burner.
Good effect of the present utility model is embodied in boiler running process, the incendiary source of these burners comes into operation all the time, promptly keep the internal combustion form, make the fuel that enters burner hearth enter the state of catching fire, and exerting oneself of incendiary sources such as power output that can be by changing plasma generator or small oil gun adjusted the catch fire degree of coal dust at burner.The oxygen amount that provides of wind air once only in the burner, excess air coefficient is very low, and the strong reducing property burning situation of formation can reduce the generation of NOx effectively.After fuel sprays into burner hearth, because ignition issues solves, only need guarantee that certain air capacity guarantees steady combustion, so whole air distribution can be regulated in a wider context in the stove, the excess air coefficient in primary zone also can be controlled at very low level.Like this, in burner inside and main combustion zone, all form extremely strong reducing atmosphere, helped suppressing the generation of NOx in the process of coal combustion.For guaranteeing the final burn-off rate of coal dust, surplus air is infeeded with after-flame wind form from upper furnace, form the zone of a strong oxidizing property atmosphere, make that imperfect combustion coal dust mixes strongly with air in boiler master combustion zone in this zone, fully reaction, thus guarantee that boiler combustion efficiency does not reduce.Like this, in whole burner hearth, just realized the air classification of the degree of depth.
The burner of internal combustion shaped can make coal dust before entering burner hearth fire burns, the degree of depth air classification that it has and the characteristic of fuel staging can't mix the C element in the fuel with enough air just to begin big quantitative response under the condition of high-temperature low-oxygen, product is based on CO.In this atmosphere, the N element in the fugitive constituent is partial to generate reducing substanceses such as HCN, NHi, has not only reduced the growing amount of NOx, can also reduce (HCN+NOx → N at the NOx that flame inside will generate in a large number
2+ H
2O+CO, NHi+NOx → N
2+ H
2O), finally reduced the generation of fuel type NOx.Simultaneously, because excess air coefficient is very low in the primary zone, coal dust firing is incomplete, and temperature is limited, has controlled the generation of heating power type NOx.At burning-out zone, though obtaining sufficient amount of oxygen, uncombusted fuel fully reacts, because the entrained air temperature is lower, the NOx growing amount is little, makes the overall growing amount of NOx be effectively controlled.
Simultaneously, owing to adopt the internal combustion shaped burner, coal dust reacts with regard to initial burning before entering burner hearth, catch fire and be equivalent to enlarge the combustion space of burner hearth in advance, create advantageous conditions for the burn-off rate that improves fuel, overcome the shortcoming that most of conventional low NOx combusting technology causes boiler combustion efficiency to descend.
In sum, the utility model can guarantee effectively to suppress the growing amount of NOx in the process of coal combustion under the prerequisite that boiler combustion efficiency does not reduce, and realizes that NOx reduces discharging.Can not only be for power plant save the charges for disposing pollutants usefulness of handing over because of discharged nitrous oxides greatly, and because its high-efficiency environment friendly also can bring sizable social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 for of the present utility model a kind of be the structural representation of the internal combustion shaped coal burner of incendiary source with the plasma generator;
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is applied to the schematic diagram of the pulverized-coal fired boiler of burner wall formula layout for a kind of internal combustion shaped turbulent burner of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the pulverized-coal fired boiler sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is applied to the schematic diagram of four jiaos of pulverized-coal fired boilers of arranging of burner for a kind of internal combustion shaped DC burner of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is the pulverized-coal fired boiler sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 5.
The specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the utility model is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is to be the schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the internal combustion shaped coal burner of incendiary source with the plasma generator.As shown in Figure 1, burner inside is divided into some levels, and the burner elbow is provided with bent plate, and the coal dust in wind varies in size owing to inertia with air, and one time the wind breeze airflow produces deep or light separation at bent plate 8 places.The higher coal dust of concentration enters in the burner central tube 5, and the coal dust that residual concentration is lower enters combustion barrel internal classifications at different levels one by one and infeeds.Spray into burner hearth from wind snout 7 of burner at last.Coal dust in the combustion barrels at different levels also can pass through concentrating of Pulverized Coal Concentration device 4, the dense light breeze airflow all around along the center that radially forms of burner 2.Like this, formed the fuel staging of the degree of depth in burner 2 inside.High concentration pulverized coal in the central tube is at first lighted fast by igniter, and the back liberated heat interior relatively low coal dust of residual concentration of ignition combustion device step by step that catches fire has been realized the fuel staging of the degree of depth, and sprayed into the burner hearth burning simultaneously.
Embodiment 1: Fig. 2, the 3rd is the schematic diagram that the internal combustion shaped turbulent burner of incendiary source is applied to a specific embodiment on the pulverized-coal fired boiler that burner wall formula arranges with the plasma generator.Shown in Fig. 2,3, it is the internal combustion shaped burner 21 of incendiary source that all burners of boiler all are designed or modified to the plasma generator.During boiler operatiopn, plasma generator 1 among Fig. 1 remains duty, coal dust is just lighted in burner 21 step by step, and wind snout 7 of burner links to each other with burner hearth primary zone 22, sprays into the complete or major part of the coal dust in burner hearth primary zone 22 thus and is in the state of catching fire.The air capacity that control burner overfire air port 6 places enter primary zone 22 makes oxygen concentration reduction in the primary zone 22, is formed with to be beneficial to and suppresses the strong reducing property atmosphere that NOx generates.Under the condition of high temperature anoxic, the C element in the fuel can't mix with enough air and just begins big quantitative response, and product is based on CO.In the CO atmosphere of high concentration, the N element in the fugitive constituent is partial to the conversion to reducing substanceses such as HCN, NHi, has not only reduced the growing amount of NOx, the NOx (HCN+NOx → N that can also generate in the inner a large amount of reduction of flame
2+ H
2O+CO, NHi+NOx → N
2+ H
2O), finally reduced the generation of fuel type NOx.Simultaneously, because excess air coefficient is very low in the primary zone 22, coal dust firing is incomplete, and temperature is limited, has controlled the generation of heating power type NOx.
Remaining air is injected burner hearth burning-out zone 24 by the after-flame wind snout 23 of upper furnace, with the 22 unburnt flue gas gas of coming mix strongly from the primary zone, forms very strong oxidizing atmosphere, makes pulverized coal particle in the flue gas at this after-flame.Owing to injected a large amount of Cryogenic air from after-flame wind snout 23, make that the temperature levels in the burner hearth burning-out zone 24 can be too not high, so coal dust fully to react the NOx amount of generation limited.Like this, just under the prerequisite that does not influence boiler efficiency, reduced the growing amount of NOx.
Embodiment 2: Fig. 3, the 4th is the schematic diagram that the internal combustion shaped DC burner of incendiary source is applied to a specific embodiment on four jiaos of pulverized-coal fired boilers of arranging of burner with the plasma generator.Shown in Fig. 3,4, to be designed or modified to the plasma generator be the internal combustion shaped burner 32 of incendiary source with last three layers of four layers of burner of boiler, and orlop still is conventional DC burner 31.
During boiler operatiopn, conventional DC burner 31 still keeps common running status, generates more NOx in the bottom in burner hearth primary zone 34.Plasma generator 1 among Fig. 1 remains duty, coal dust is just lighted in burner 32 step by step, wind snout 7 of burner links to each other with burner hearth primary zone 34, the coal dust that sprays into burner hearth primary zone 34 thus fully or major part be in the state of catching fire.The air capacity that control internal combustion shaped burner 32 overfire air ports 6 places enter primary zone 34 makes oxygen concentration reduction in 34 upper spaces of primary zone, is formed with to be beneficial to and suppresses the strong reducing property atmosphere that NOx generates.
Under the condition of high temperature anoxic, the C element in the fuel can't mix with enough air and just begins big quantitative response, and product is based on CO.In the CO atmosphere of high concentration, N element in the fugitive constituent is partial to the conversion to reducing substanceses such as HCN, NHi, not only reduced the growing amount of NOx, the NOx (HCN+NOx → N that can also in 34 lower space of the inner a large amount of reduction burner hearths of flame primary zone, generate
2+ H
2O+CO, NHi+NOx → N
2+ H
2O), finally reduced the generation of fuel type NOx.Simultaneously, because the excess air coefficient on 34 tops, primary zone is very low, coal dust firing is incomplete, and temperature is limited, has controlled the generation of heating power type NOx.
Remaining air is injected burner hearth burning-out zone 35 by the after-flame wind snout 33 of upper furnace, with the 34 unburnt flue gas gas of coming mix strongly from the primary zone, forms very strong oxidizing atmosphere, makes pulverized coal particle in the flue gas at this after-flame.Owing to injected a large amount of Cryogenic air from after-flame wind snout 33, make that the temperature levels in the burner hearth burning-out zone 35 can be too not high, so coal dust fully to react the NOx amount of generation limited, make the overall growing amount of NOx be effectively controlled.Like this, just under the prerequisite that does not influence boiler efficiency, reduced the growing amount of NOx.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that adopts internal combustion burner, it is made up of some coal burners of wall firing stove or coner firing stove and sidewall thereof or four jiaos, it is characterized in that: described some coal burners are all or part of to be the structure of internal combustion type and incendiary source maintenance work in boiler running process, upper furnace sidewall or four corners position on the primary zone that coal burner forms are provided with several after-flame wind snouts.
2, a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that adopts internal combustion burner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in burner, be divided into the breeze airflow in the wind is carried out deep or light separation, the higher coal dust of concentration enters in the central tube, the coal dust that concentration is lower enters some grades of combustion barrel structures in the afterburning tube, and incendiary source is positioned at central tube.
3, a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that adopts internal combustion burner as claimed in claim 1 or 2, described incendiary source adopts plasma generator or small oil gun; Burner is DC burner or turbulent burner.
Priority Applications (1)
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CNU2008200048284U CN201187773Y (en) | 2008-03-14 | 2008-03-14 | Pulverized coal boiler using internal combustion type combustor |
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CNU2008200048284U CN201187773Y (en) | 2008-03-14 | 2008-03-14 | Pulverized coal boiler using internal combustion type combustor |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011035604A1 (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2011-03-31 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Pulverized coal burner and boiler with the same |
CN106287675A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 重庆市富燃科技有限责任公司 | There is Process In A Tangential Firing and the control method thereof of thermoelectricity motility regulatory function |
CN106287672A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | There is face-fired boiler and the control method thereof of thermoelectricity motility regulatory function |
CN106287673A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 重庆市富燃科技有限责任公司 | There is w-type combustion boiler and the control method thereof of thermoelectricity motility regulatory function |
CN106382625A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | Hexagonal tangential boiler capable of regulating thermal power flexibility and regulation method for hexagonal tangential boiler |
-
2008
- 2008-03-14 CN CNU2008200048284U patent/CN201187773Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011035604A1 (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2011-03-31 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Pulverized coal burner and boiler with the same |
CN106287675A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 重庆市富燃科技有限责任公司 | There is Process In A Tangential Firing and the control method thereof of thermoelectricity motility regulatory function |
CN106287672A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | There is face-fired boiler and the control method thereof of thermoelectricity motility regulatory function |
CN106287673A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 重庆市富燃科技有限责任公司 | There is w-type combustion boiler and the control method thereof of thermoelectricity motility regulatory function |
CN106382625A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | Hexagonal tangential boiler capable of regulating thermal power flexibility and regulation method for hexagonal tangential boiler |
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Granted publication date: 20090128 Termination date: 20170314 |
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