RU5700U1 - ELECTRONIC SWITCH WITH SMOOTH ADJUSTMENT OF THE BRIGHTNESS OF THE GLOW - Google Patents

Abstract

An electronic switch with smooth adjustment of the glow of incandescent lamps containing a clock, first and second counters, first and second OR circuits and a D-trigger, the output of the clock being connected to the counting input of the first counter, characterized in that the device also contains a synchronization signal generating unit , a controlled driver of the delayed pulse, a switch controller, a driver for starting the executive switch, the executive switch and the power supply, moreover, the control input con the switch roller is the input of the device for communication with the control source, the clock input of the switch controller is connected to the output of the clock generator, and its control output is ON with the enable input of the actuator trigger shaper, the output of which is connected to the actuator trigger input, which is connected between the operating outputs between one of the phases of the mains voltage and the output of the load, the second terminal of which is connected to another phase of the mains voltage, the network inputs of the block The voltage is also connected to the phases of the mains voltage, and its outputs - to the power inputs of the electronic elements of the switch, the output of the first discharge of the first counter is connected to the first input of the first OR circuit, and the output of its n + 1st discharge - to the synchronization input D - trigger, D - the input of which is connected to the potential of the logical unit level, and the single output is connected to the RESET input of the first counter, the second input of the first OR circuit is connected to the output of the controlled driver of the delayed pulse, the output of the first OR circuit is connected to the counting input of the second

Description

Electronic switch with infinitely adjustable brightness of the glow of incandescent lamps

The utility model relates to the field of consumer electronics and can be used in a variety of electronic switches of incandescent lamps, which provide for the installation of the desired brightness of the glow of the user. The proposed solution can be used in simple push-button switches, in switches with remote control using remote controls based on infrared technology or ultrasound, in switches with touch control.

Known Light signal device with adjustable light flux, see USSR author's certificate N289254 for IPC F21L15 / 20 for 1971, containing a light source (incandescent lamp in the application) and a light flux control unit (the entire electronic switch circuit proper in the application) containing polishing film for smooth reproduction.

A significant disadvantage of the known device is the low reliability of the mechanical controller and the limited range of brightness control. This disadvantage is eliminated by electronic adjustment of the bone glow lamps.

MF G06F1 / 00

The principles of electronic adjustment of the brightness of the glow of incandescent lamps are based on the control of switching off in a certain phase of the debris voltage: if switching on is performed at the beginning of each half-cycle of the frequency of the mains voltage, then the brightness of the glow will be maximum. The later from the beginning of each half-cycle of the mains voltage, the executive switch is launched, which is used as thyristors, simnstors, triac optic park, the less energy is supplied to the lamp and the weaker its glow. Thus, the main task to be solved in any switch with brightness control is to determine the time interval from the beginning of each half-cycle (changing the sign of the supply voltage) to applying a signal to the first switch.

Known Time Sensor, see USSR Copyright Certificate N1221646 according to G06F1 / 00 for 1986, Bull. N12, which is the closest electronic device to the claimed technical solution and contains a clock, first and second counters, D-trigger, first and second elements OR (in the prototype they are respectively named: pulse generator, pulse counter, first inhibit trigger, OR element, element OR), and the clock is connected to the counting input of the first counter.

A disadvantage of the known sensor is the impossibility of using it without additional bursting for the problem under consideration, because there are no elements in it: an executive switch, a shaper of its launch and others.

The purpose of this application is the creation of a digital dimmer control for glow of incandescent lamps for electronic switches, providing its almost smooth adjustment and termination of changes in the brightness of the glow upon reaching maximum.

The digital brightness dimmer control will provide almost smooth adjustment if there are a lot of discrepancies of brightness (several tens or hundreds) in a given m adjustment range. An obvious solution to the problem is to include in the controller circuit a multi-bit register for setting the brightness, a current time counter in each half-cycle of the mains voltage, and a circuit for comparing these values, which is intended to generate a start signal for the start of the executive switch. However, the requirement of smooth regulation leads to the necessity of using a multi-digit comparison circuit, which unreasonably complicates the controller equipment. The goal should be achieved by simpler technical means.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the electronic switch of incandescent lamps containing a clock generator, the first and second counters, the first and second elements OR and D-trigger, and the output of the clock generator is connected to the counting input of the first counter, a power supply is introduced, the inputs of which are connected to two phases of mains voltage, and outputs with power inputs of circuit elements, a switch controller (a control unit for receiving control actions and generating main control signals), an actuator trigger driver of the switch and the executive switch, and the control action is applied to the control input of the controller, the clock input of the controller is connected to the output of the clock generator, and its control output is ON is connected to the enable input of the shaper of the actuator of the executive switch, the output of which is connected to the start input of the executive switch, which is connected between one of the phases of the mains voltage and incandescent lamps, the second pole of which is connected to another phase of the mains voltage, are also introduced Lock Signal sinhroiizatsii and upravlyaeh first delayed pulse shaper, the output of the first rank of the first counter is connected to a first input of the first OR circuit, and an output nfl-ro discharge (overflow output) to the input of the synchronization Hx

a trigger whose input D is connected to the potential of a unit level, and a single output to the RESET input of the first counter, the second input of the first OR circuit is connected to the output of the controlled driver of the delayed pulse, and the output of the first OR circuit is connected to the counting input of the second counter, output p-1- the first discharge of which is connected to the start inputs of the start switch of the actuator of the executive switch and the controlled driver of the delayed pulse, the inhibitory input of which is connected to the output of the second OR circuit, the first input of which is vkod the prohibition of increase in brightness of the controller, on

the second input of this circuit, as well as to the reset input of the D-flip-flop and to the synchronizing input of the controller, is connected to the output of the synchronization signal generating unit, the inputs of which are connected to the phases of the mains voltage, the OFF output of the circuit breaker controller is connected to the reset input of the second counter.

The technical result of the electronic switch with infinitely adjustable brightness is primarily to provide the possibility of obtaining any number of gradations of the brightness of the glow of incandescent lamps (for heating appliances - heating), which is of value for the theater scene, household appliances, etc.

Figure 1 presents a block diagram of an electronic switch with detail of the controller itself, and figure 2 shows the fundamental electrical simplicity of the switch with continuously adjustable brightness.

The phyt switch 1 includes the following and blocks: clock generator 1, first counter 2, first OR .i circuit, second counter 4, D-thrnger 5, second OR 6 circuit, delayed-pulse control driver, switch 8 controller, start shaper an executive switch 9, a power supply 10, a synchronization signal generating unit 1L, an executive switch 12. The load (incandescent lamps) shown in the diagram at number 13 is not included in the device.

In Fig. 1, the most important signals of the device are numbered (for explanation): control input 14, mains voltage phases 15 and 16, counter input 17 and reset 18 of counter 2, counter input 19 and input 20 OFF of counter 4, input 21 of the gate and inhibit input 22 of the controlled driver 7 of the delayed pulse, the signal 23 of the april increase the brightness and the signal 24 is ON, the signal 25 synchronization of the inputs 26 of the launch 26 of the Executive switch 12, the outputs 27 and 28 of the power supply 10.

the input of the device, the clock input is connected to the clock generator 1, the output 24 of the ON controller S is connected to the enable input of the driver 9, the output of which is connected to the input 26 of the actuator 12, which is connected between one of the main voltage phases 15 and the load output 13 the second output of which is connected to another phase 16 of the mains voltage, the inputs of the power supply 10 are connected to the phases 15 and 16 of the mains voltage, and its outputs to the power inputs of the elements 1, ... 12 (in Fig. not shown R connection with the principle ), the output of the first discharge of counter 2 is connected to the first input of the OR 3 circuit, and the output of its n + bth discharge is from the synchronization inputs of trigger 5, the D-input of which is connected to the potential of a logic unit level, and the single output with input 18 of the counter reset 2, the second input of the circuit OR Is connected to the output of the shaper 7, the output of the circuit OR Is connected to the counting input 19 of the counter 4, the discharge output of which is connected to the inputs of the start 21 of the shapers 7 and 9, the starting input 22 of the shaper 7 is connected to the output of the OR 6. The first input which is connected to with output 23, it is PROHIBITED to increase the BRIGHTNESS of controller 8, and the second input is with the reset input of the D-trigger 5, the synchronizing input of the controller 8 and the output 25 of the synchronization signal generating unit 11, the inputs of which are connected to

phases 15 and 16 of the mains voltage, the output OFF of the controller 8 is connected to the input 20 of the reset counter 4.

The controller 8 of the switch performs the functions of a control unit receiving control actions (turn on, turn off, change brightness). Its implementation and its constituent nodes are determined mainly by the method of supplying control actions. These can be lockable and unlockable button contacts, or signals from touch-sensitive devices that are part of the controller, or commands from remote controls in the form of infrared pulses or ultrasonic signals that are received, selectable, and identified by the corresponding controller circuits. Regardless of the way the switch is controlled, in the general case, the signals of the clock generator and the synchronization signal from block 4 are sent to the inputs of the controller 8. At the output of the controller 8, a signal (potential) is generated. ON 1.NO OFF and -Change or not change the glow bone.

Shaper 9 start Executive switch is designed to generate a trigger signal for the duration and amplitude, sufficient to trigger the Executive switch 12 (thyristors, triac, triac optocoupler and

etc.), which connects the heat: ki (heat lamps {l H HV to the network.

The synchronization signal generating unit 11 is designed to generate a signal associated with a change in the mains voltage; it takes an active state (single) in the region of low network voltages, for example, + 25 ° C. The specific voltage value is determined by the minimum operating voltage of the actuator switch. This signal synchronizes the operation of the controller 8, D trigger 5 is reset, and a further change in the brightness of the glow is limited when a maximum is reached on the controlled driver 7 of the delayed pulse.

Block 11 can be implemented in several ways. For example, on a comparator, on an O-trigger, synchronized by the frequency of the clock generator, on a transistor amplifier, or on two inverters with positive feedback connected in series. The input signal for the shaper is the mains voltage removed from the rectifier bridge.

The controlled driver 7 of the delayed pulse is designed to change the initial state of the second mid-sensor 4 upon receipt of a command to increase the brightness (signal removal prohibition of increasing the luminescence bone).

You can implement the block with the help of two: multi-vibrators 1x, 1x, one of which has a barring signal from the second circuit 6 to the input

The second counter 4 is intended for storing the setting of the luminescence of the lamps and for generating a signal of a nonsense hypnosis of the executive switch. The signals from the output of the first discharge of the first counter and the ladder pulse from the controlled driver 7 of the delayed impulse are poured onto its counting

The first counter 2, together with the D-flip-flop 5; | Дй of the formation of the time interval at the entire boarding school for brightness control, where t is the period of the period; 1nine pulses of the clock generator 1, and for generating 2 quick pulses for the second counter

Before considering the operation of the device, we determine the first basic relationship for choosing the parameters of the circuit — hours,) the path of the generator i and the bit depth of the counters 2 and 4. The initial distance is: the range of brightness control and the number of brightness samples.

The range of brightness control is advisable to choose from. up to 100%. This provides a sparing mode of switching on the dump of the nonsense and the executive switch and. With this increase oecvnca work.

note. Incandescent lamps at the moment of switching on - with their ordinary contact switch they test current perppp-la. in p; and exceeding the regime of steady burning. When they are switched on by 10% S, the power overload does not exceed 2 times.

Turning on the lamps for about 10-11% of the power corresponds to approximately h: -p;: - l / ms from the beginning of the half-cycle of the mains voltage. 1gs.ch we want to have gradations of brightness over the entire range of adjustable pans; the second bit of the second counter should be pin-t: and, accordingly, the width of the first counter is -1.

Accordingly, the pulse repetition period of the takton: - g; l-r; - ррн in the ISS t ЧOOОТ: 2 ™ where the T-range of adjustment to the recommended version. 2 ms and t Ppi: 2 μg For example, if we want to have 512 gradations of brightness У т w v-i

bp about 7 ISS.

Since the second counter performs a double initial installation and determines the start of the start of the use of the switch, its bit depth also determines the brightness control from the initial to 100%. In nsigm irichep; in time will be 5D2 s. For practical pr11M;: 1g; ii can be considered acceptable time from 5 s to 10 s. When considering a specific implementation, we will show how it

TA iif increased to luc by increasing the bit depth of the second

The switch operates as follows. Let; T (the state is turned off. At the same time, the signal 20 OFF is generated at the outputs, which is yju-n HHavr wiP (5 and the counter is in the zero state, and the net signal M is a poket-pet shaper of the actuator for switching the executive switch 9 when the block 11 for generating the synchronization signal is working HMMV of synchronization 25 which in each half-cycle: r se ;; n - (; voltage resets the D-trigger 5 to the zero state in: -ep-) T-n for which the first counter 2 is blocked and counted in each unt

gd -L

a half-period of exactly 2 pulses of the clock generator I When the command comes on conditionally by nkho; p i i of controller 8, signal 20 goes into passive state; none; and si: ns 24-v active. Counter 4 begins to count ipt pgg; -. clock gene; the radiator divided by 2 (from the output Ui c-eiun; H ;; Since counter 2 was in the initial state in the initial state, it overflows (the potential goes to the output On of counter 2 from a single state to F j-sor; exactly 2 pulses of a clockwise hypodermic pulse are generated by the kigp; this corresponds to the interval T, and according to the overflow signal: ;; i: vrK; ivrr4 ф {) umirovat.

actuator switch 2 is triggered. Ko MviiipvioJunii mains voltage (in front of a sine wave) on

overload. In this mode, the device until a command to increase the brightness is received, as a result of which, at output 23, a ban on increasing the brightness of the luminescence of the controller 8 appears passive potential. This potential is removed by blocking the input 22 of the controlled shaper of the delayed impulse 7, as a result of which a short IMPULSE appears at the output of this block after the executive switch is started. which through the nervous circuit OR enters the counting input of the second counter. Thus, its initial state in the next half-cycle of the mains voltage will no longer be zero, but with unity in the low order of the counter. As a result, and in the next half-cycle, the executive switch will work 2t earlier.

As long as the signal 23 is in the obsessive state, in each half-cycle of the mains voltage, the start of the executive switch approaches the beginning of the sine wave of the mains voltage by 2 tons. This process continues until sn5gt signal 23 prohibits the formation of a delayed pulse and, at -TUL, the start of start does not move to the active sigyp

synchronization 25, which also prohibits the pulse delayed 4qje3 second OR circuit.

If the signal 25 takes an active state earlier; - then the brightness is fixed.

Shutdown is a transition to the initial state from which we began to review the work.

As an example, in FIG. Figure 2 shows a circuit breaker of a simple circuit breaker with stepless brightness control for CEV-ICHHH incandescent lamps (the circuit is slightly simplified in frequent and common parts). Where the function of the block is represented by FIG. implemented by several electronic,; - nts IRE).

they are circled by a dotted rectangle, which PrChPLK-roV; P

equivalent block number. In those cases, the same EDR are used in different blocks, these blocks rip yen quiver is even a double number: this is block 10D1, in which bridge 1 is irrelevant — it lives on both block 10 and block 11, and also block 7.9, in which the multivibrator on the element of the IL together with the transistor amplifier on T1 and Ri2 forms a block 9 and it with a delayed multivibrator on U6-2 forms a block /.

IZ.K561LEX U4 and I5-K561IE16, IB-KR1561AG i.

The control action is generated off by the controller. With: -the button including; It performs a double function: with its help, it goes on for 5k (the lamps are turned on, as well as the brightness of the glow is increased (she’s pressed the gims). And one more remark. As it has been shown, the method for slowing down the increase in the brightness of the candlelight is shown with: с ju lO с . This is achieved through the use of the 10th p: r ;; gy:.; 1 in the HI (-th counter, the output of which is connected to the input of the gate; t multivibrator on U6-2. Thanks to this connection: ;; and / ikchcm then.only in even half-periods of the mains voltage, and - and, lower, and um the speed (frequency) of filling the second gchechchik installation code brightness of the glow.

L -

Authors -j AABoykevich

A.M. Boykevich

A-S.Kolyada S.YKolyada

Claims (1)

An electronic switch with smooth adjustment of the glow of incandescent lamps, containing a clock generator, first and second counters, first and second OR circuits and a D-trigger, wherein the output of the clock generator is connected to the counting input of the first counter, characterized in that the device also contains a synchronization signal generating unit , a controlled driver of the delayed pulse, a switch controller, a driver for starting the executive switch, the executive switch and the power supply, moreover, the control input con the switch roller is the input of the device for communication with the control source, the clock input of the switch controller is connected to the output of the clock generator, and its control output is ON with the enable input of the actuator trigger shaper, the output of which is connected to the actuator trigger input, which is connected between the operating outputs between one of the phases of the mains voltage and the output of the load, the second terminal of which is connected to another phase of the mains voltage, the network inputs of the block The voltage is also connected to the phases of the mains voltage, and its outputs - to the power inputs of the electronic elements of the switch, the output of the first discharge of the first counter is connected to the first input of the first OR circuit, and the output of its n + 1st discharge - to the synchronization input D - of the trigger, D - the input of which is connected to the potential of the logical unit level, and the single output is connected to the RESET input of the first counter, the second input of the first OR circuit is connected to the output of the controlled driver of the delayed pulse, the output of the first OR circuit is connected to the counting input of the second o the counter, the output of the n-1st discharge of which is connected to the start input of the actuator of the start-up of the actuator switch and the controlled driver of the delayed pulse, the inhibiting input of which is connected to the output of the second OR circuit, the first input of which is connected to the output FORBID BRIGHTNESS ENHANCE OF the switch controller, and the second input - with the reset input of the D-flip-flop, the synchronizing input of the controller and the output of the block for generating the synchronization signal, the inputs of which are connected to the phases of the mains voltage, the output OFF of the controller the switch is connected to the reset input of the second counter.