RU56868U1 - CAR ON THE AIR PILLOW - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention of a "car air cushion" relates to combined transport equipment. Which is intended for movement on public roads, as its external forms correspond to the shape of a car with the presence of side mirrors, headlights and marker lighting equipment, and on the water surface both in hover mode and with direct contact. Because the presence of a displacement platform filled with a light filler (foam, cork). large base and track of the wheels, as well as a low overall center of gravity allow us to talk about its high buoyancy and stability. From the description of the invention it is seen that, without changing the appearance of the car, as well as its interior, thanks to the integrated systems for creating an air cushion and controlled air traction, the car becomes able to move on weakly bearing surfaces. In the description, the analysis of already known combined vehicles, as well as the shortcomings of the prototypes of the combined hovercraft Margolin F.M. and Filimonova A.I. Patent No. 98108182/28. The purpose of this invention: improving the performance of a hovercraft. The description and drawings show the structural basic units, their location and work with them to achieve this goal. The essence of the invention lies in the high technical parameters of this vehicle when driving on weakly bearing surfaces due to the use of a nozzle scheme and an elastic fence to create an air cushion; the angle of inclination and the width of the nozzle, calculated taking into account the minimum losses during the formation of an air stream; mobility during the transition from mode to mode, since systems are controlled from the cab, and

There are two independent propulsion systems with their own starting sources and electric power. The minimum time for adaptation of an air-cushion vehicle to movement on another bearing surface, which can be seen from the description of the invention, allows us to talk about its demand in emergency situations, with a shortage of time.

Description

The invention relates to transport equipment on an air cushion and for the creation of cars on an air cushion capable of moving on roads and off-road, having buoyancy.

The hovercraft has a metal frame with a passenger compartment, fan and push propeller engines, front and rear drive wheels. A displacement platform is installed under the bottom of the frame at a distance of the technological cavity. On the perimeter of the platform at an angle of 60 ° to the horizontal axis there are fixed shields. An elastic sectional type fence is attached to the bottom of the shields and the bottom corner of the platform around the perimeter. The release to the working position and cleaning in the off (pressed to the bottom of the platform) is carried out from the passenger compartment using cable ropes; they also hold the elastic fence at one constant angle with the shields when air comes out of the receiver and creates an increased pressure under the platform.

The inner and outer walls of the sections of elastic fencing are fastened together by cable ties to keep the channel constant over the cross section.

The technical result of the invention is the ability to control the position of the elastic fence: when moving on an air cushion, it falls to the surface along which translational movement is carried out; when driving with a wheel drive, it is pressed to the bottom of a displacement platform.

To increase the area of the air cushion, the wheels are placed outside the car body and covered with fairings. Before creating an air cushion, the wheels are locked in position with the shock absorber springs compressed by the weight of the vehicle. The torque is transmitted to the airbag fan from the front engine through the transfer case - gearbox. The fan is placed in an annular channel, which is connected to the cavity of the receiver (technological cavity).

On the upper edge of the annular channel flush with the hood cover there are blinds that open before turning on the fan.

In the passenger compartment, the front row of seats is located according to the standard scheme, the rear - two seats at an angle of 90 ° relative to the front - with their backs to each other. The pushing propeller is located in the annular enclosure, the torque on it (screw) is transmitted from the rear engine through the transfer case - gearbox. Before turning on the screw, an air intake rises in the upper part of the air duct.

For an additional increase in the height of soaring beyond the annular guard of the screw in the lower part of the air channel is an adjustable air shield, when lifting which part of the air flow enters the cavity of the receiver. In the back of the car both

rudders are located on the edges of the air channel, which, when driving in automobile mode, close the air outlet channel, being installed in line with the rear of the car on an air cushion.

Known combined air-cushion devices (see E.I. Chestnov, “Foreign SVP”, works of TsNIIEVT, issue 117 M .: Transport, 1975), containing a housing, devices for creating an air cushion, front swivel wheels and rear leading. A disadvantage of the known combined air-cushion apparatus is its low performance. These disadvantages are due to the low propulsive propulsive force from devices that create an air cushion when moving on water and other weakly bearing surfaces, which does not provide a sufficiently economical speed.

Also known is the prototype combined hovercraft Margolin F.M. and Filimonova A.I., patent No. 98108182/28 dated 04/21/1998, including a platform with a cabin and a passenger compartment, fans, an engine, an aerodynamic propulsion device, air wheels, a displacement housing with a platform, front and rear drive wheels made according to the skeg scheme flexible skirt air cushion fence.

A disadvantage of the known combined air cushion apparatus is its low performance, since the creation of an air cushion is carried out according to the domed scheme, which leads to a large expenditure of power of the propulsion system at a minimum vaping height and, accordingly, the inability to provide sufficient translational speed with one engine.

The aim of the present invention is to improve performance. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a well-known car on an air cushion containing a displacement platform, a passenger compartment, a fan, a pusher propeller, two autonomous engines, rudders, an elastic air cushion guard, according to the invention, a nozzle design for creating an air cushion is applied; the wheel suspension is made with fixing them with the compressed springs of shock absorbers before switching to the soaring mode. The elastic fence is made according to the sectional type in the form of rectangular sections of elastic material passing along the entire perimeter of the shields and the displacement platform and connected by end faces. Equal (parallel to each other) the distance between the longitudinal sides of the sections is provided by cable extensions. The cable system also serves for release (before working on an air cushion) and cleaning (in automotive mode), as well as for fixing the elastic fence at a constant angle, like a nozzle channel.

Between the distinguishing features and the achieved result, there is the following causal relationship. Performing fixed with compressed springs shock absorbers wheels allows

avoid losses in height of soaring when creating an air cushion. The use of a nozzle scheme for creating an air cushion allows you to gain a sufficient vaporization height with minimal engine power consumption. The installation of an elastic fence at a certain angle allows you to create the effect of "air curtain", which also leads to savings in the power of the propulsion system and the possibility of creating a sufficient height of soaring with a small area of the air cushion. Implementation of the front and rear wheels with the drive makes it possible to use the car on an air cushion not only in off-road conditions, but also on public roads, including unpaved and difficult to reach. Moreover, the use of two engines allows us to talk about the possibility of duplicating them with each other in the automobile mode.

Together with the proposed features, the implementation of sectional-type elastic fencing can significantly simplify control and manipulation when the air cushion moves from the working position to the non-working position and vice versa, as well as manufacturability when replacing worn sections.

The use of an elastic fence makes it possible to track obstacles, constructively place the displacement platform at a sufficient distance (by the criterion of "passability" for the automobile mode) from the ground, the stability of the air cushion due to the effect of the "air curtain" created by the nozzle scheme with the nozzle inclined (and, accordingly, the elastic fence) inward air cushion at an angle of 60 °.

According to the information available to the applicant, the set of essential features of the claimed invention is not known from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the criterion of "novelty." According to the applicant, the essence of the claimed invention does not follow mainly from the prior art, since the above effect on the achieved technical result is not revealed from it - a new property of the object - a set of features that distinguish the claimed invention from the prototype, which allows us to conclude its compliance the criterion of "inventive step".

The set of essential features characterizing the essence of the invention can be repeatedly used in the production of air-cushion automobiles to obtain a technical result consisting in the use of a nozzle design for creating an air cushion with a height-adjustable elastic fence, which makes it possible, thanks to the "air curtain", to create a stable an air cushion with a sufficient height of soaring at a minimum power consumption of the propulsion system.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by an example of a specific implementation, where: in Fig.1 schematically shows a car on an air cushion;

figure 2 - car hovercraft in plan;

figure 3 is a front view of a car on an air cushion;

figure 4 is a rear view of a car on an air cushion;

figure 5 is a sectional view taken along section AA, where: a) an elastic fence is released; b) the elastic fence is removed.

An air cushion vehicle contains a metal frame with the floor of the passenger compartment 4, on top of which there is a passenger compartment 5, and below, at the distance of the technological cavity 10, a displacement platform 11, fan shutters 3, a fan motor and a front pair of wheels 1, an air bag fan 2, front swivel wheels 9, air intake of the pushing screw 6, pushing screw in the ring guard 7, air rudders 8, adjustable air shield 14, rear wheels 13, rear engine 12, fixed shield 15 lane displacement meter platform; cable extensions 16, elastic fence 17, cable rods 18 for controlling the elastic fence.

The operation of the car on an air cushion is as follows.

To ensure the movement of the car on an air cushion, the blinds 3 are opened, the wheels are fixed in position with the compressed springs of the shock absorbers, the elastic guard 17 is released into the working position by means of cable rods 18. In the working position, the air intake of the pushing screw rises, the air rudders are installed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the car on the air cushion. After starting the fan motor and creating an air cushion, the torque from the rear engine is transmitted to the pushing screw, maneuvers in the direction are carried out by the air rudders.

With an increase in the payload of the car on an air cushion, in order to maintain a sufficient vaping height, the rear air shield rises to its working position.

To ensure the movement of the car on the air cushion on general purpose roads, the air cushion is turned off, the elastic guard is pressed to the bottom of the displacement platform, the wheel locks are disconnected, the air rudders are installed in line with the rear of the car on the air cushion, the push-screw air intake is lowered to the lower position close the fan blinds.

The proposed hovercraft has high performance and allows for low energy costs to achieve versatility of movement while maintaining the environment (soil cover and the environment).

Claims (1)

An air cushion vehicle containing a metal frame with a floor, a passenger compartment, fan and push propeller engines, front and rear drive wheels, a displacement platform, air rudders, characterized in that the nozzle design with a receiver and an elastic section-type guard allows creating a stable an air cushion with a sufficient height of soaring at a minimum power consumption of the propulsion system.