RU55884U1 - WIND MOTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: obtaining mechanical energy, wind power installations, wind pump installations. The essence of the model: A rotary multi-blade engine, each blade of which is spring-loaded along its plane with the help of an individual tensioner and flexible traction. The blades have the ability to move both in and out of the rotor. In the absence of flow, the blades occupy the initial position, while the engine casing turns into a barrel-polygon. Individual tensioners allow you to calibrate (adjust) the force of the springs and, accordingly, to ensure the deflection of the blades at the same angles ("angles of attack") with equal force impacts on the blades. The use of an additional common tensioner provides a simultaneous change in stiffness (spring force) depending on the flow rate. This makes it possible to engage almost all of the blades in operation, increase the efficiency of the device and simplify the regulation of its speed for a specific flow energy. It is expected that the proposed wind turbine will be in demand at small and medium-sized power systems for autonomous use.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to wind turbines and can be used to obtain mechanical or electrical energy from the flow of a moving medium: wind or water.

Known designs with fixed blades [1, 2, 3, 4] have a low utilization of flow energy.

There are also known designs with moving blades, in which the blades moving towards the flow are rotated to reduce their aerodynamic drag [5, 6, 7, 8]. In such devices, only the blade going under the stream is involved in the transfer of flow energy, and the remaining blades moving across or towards the stream only slow down the engine, which also causes their low coefficient of utilization of the stream energy.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is selected as a prototype "Rotor" Dolphin Tail "[9]. The prototype contains a shaft connected to dinners-disks, between which rigid blades are mounted on the periphery on their axes, rotating on their bushings and connected to springs of the opposite twist. The tension of the springs is carried out from a special mechanism containing a system of gears, chains or other flexible connections associated with pulleys on the axes of the blades.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of its implementation, the need to have a double (in terms of the number of blades) the number of springs of different twists (left and right). In addition, the adjustment of the tension of each individual spring during operation is excluded, since their imbalance will lead to different angles of opening of the blades (different "angles of attack"), which reduces the efficiency of the device. In order to ensure equal conditions for each blade, springs of different twists must be selected in pairs, etc.

Technical advantages of the claimed object in comparison with known devices are as follows:

- in order to simplify the design for each blade, a lever, a flexible rod and one spring for tension are introduced, the force of which is directed along the plane of the blade;

- to reduce the dimensions of the structure and ensure individual calibration of the springs, swing bearings for flexible rods and spring tensioners have been introduced;

- a simple tension mechanism was used, consisting of a stud screw with left and right threads, as well as two nut plates, similarly, with left and right threads;

- the blade lever can be made in the form of a sector of the disk with a given profile laying flexible traction for specific conditions of flow rate;

- simply, without additional calibration of the springs, the issue of connecting flexible rods from each blade to a common (summing) tensioner or centrifugal speed controller is solved.

This allows you to significantly simplify the design of the device, increase the utilization of the energy of the flow and facilitate its adjustment.

Figure 1 shows the "Wind turbine", a top view with a conditionally transparent upper disk and the option of placing the main nodes on it, and figure 2 is an embodiment of the blade lever in the form of a disk sector.

The wind turbine contains a central shaft 1 connected to disks 2, between which rotary blades 4 are mounted on the axles 3. The blades have levers 5 connected by flexible rods 6 through springs 7 and an individual tensioner 8 with the housing or disk of the device. Supports 9 change the angle of tension for flexible rods. The individual tensioner has a 10 mount to the disk or housing. Between the individual spring tensioner and the housing, additional traction can be connected to the common tensioner, which simultaneously increases or decreases the stiffness (force) of all springs (not shown in Fig.).

Wind turbine operates as follows. In the neutral position, in the absence of fluid flow, the blades of the device form a truncated barrel-polyhedron. The force "F" of each spring 7 is directed along the lever 5 and the plane of the blade 4. In order not to increase the size of the disk 2 in the direction of the vector "F", rotary bearings 9 are used, changing the angle of tension from the springs 7 for flexible rods 6.

In the presence of a stream "V", the blades, the first to receive it, are deflected into the inside of the rotor, and the blades, which receive the stream already passed through the engine cavity, are deflected outward (in Fig. 1, indicated by dashed lines). In the chain: lever, flexible traction, spring, disk (case), an individual tensioner 8 of each spring is connected in series with them, fixed at point 10 on the disk. To simplify the design, the tensioner is made in the form of a hairpin screw with left and right threads, as well as two nut plates, respectively, with left and right threads. Using individual tensioners, it is convenient and simple to adjust the tension force of the springs during adjustment and, accordingly,

- the deflection of the blades at the same angle with the same force of impact on them.

It is known that the energy of a flow depends on its speed in cubic form, therefore, when installing the engine in flows with different speed parameters, there is a need to increase or decrease the stiffness (tension force) of all springs simultaneously. In this design, this, if necessary, is ensured by the introduction of another common tensioner, connected between the disk and individual tensioners through additional rods (not shown in Fig.).

To create not proportional, but more complex functional dependence of the angle of rotation of the blades on the flow velocity and the tension force of the springs, the levers of the blades (figure 2) can be made in the form of a sector of a circular, ellipse or other form of a disk with a given profile for laying flexible rods.

In order to automatically simultaneously set the stiffness of the springs and, accordingly, the resistance of the blades to the flow, a centrifugal speed controller or its actuator can be used as a common tensioner. This allows you to adjust the engine speed in automatic mode.

A significant difference between the proposed solution and the known ones consists both in increasing the efficiency of using the flow energy, since most of the blades are in operation at the same time, and in the comparative simplicity of the design and subsequent adjustments.

Tests of laboratory models confirmed the advantages of the invention described above (see photo).

The proposed wind turbine has a low manufacturing cost, is easy to regulate and should be expected to be widely used to drive electric generators, pumps, etc. at

individual farms, as well as in regions deprived of centralized energy supply.

Sources of information taken into account when preparing the application:

1. B.V.Kazhinsky. Free-flow hydroelectric power of low power. Edited by Berg, issue 57, M., 1950, p.31: "Rotary turbine of the B.V. Kazhinsky system."

2. Ibid., P. 33, “Rotor turbine of the Ugrinsky system”.

3. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2118703, IPC F 03 D 3/00. "Rotary wind turbine" (analog).

4. Description of the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2246634, IPC F 03 D 3/00. "Rotor" (analog).

5. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2057969, IPC F 03 D 3/00, 7/06. "Carousel wind wheel" (analogue).

6. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2069795, IPC F 03 D 3/00, 3/06. "Windwheel" (analogue).

7. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate of the USSR, IPC F 03 D 3/00. “Rotary wind turbine” (analogue), No. 1537885

8. Description of the invention to the USSR patent, IPC F 03 D 3/00. "Energy Converter" (analog), No. 1362405

9. Description of the patent of the Russian Federation No. 34653, IPC F 03 B 3/12; F 03 D 5/00; F 03 D 3/06; F 03 D 1/00. "Rotor" Dolphin Tail "(prototype).

Claims (6)

1. A wind turbine containing a shaft connected to rim-disks, between which are mounted on the periphery on their axes of the blade with the possibility of rotation in and out of the disk, characterized in that for each blade introduced levers, flexible rods and springs, each lever the blade is connected to one of the disks through a series of flexible traction and a spring. 2. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that for each flexible traction on the disk rotary bearings are installed and a spring tensioner is connected in series with the lever, traction and spring. 3. Wind turbine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the tensioner is made in the form of a hairpin screw with left and right threads, as well as two plates (nuts) with left and right threads. 4. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade lever is made in the form of a sector of the disk with a given profile laying flexible traction. 5. Wind turbine according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for each blade in a chain containing a series-connected lever, flexible rod, spring, tensioner, additional rods are connected, each of which is connected to an additional common spring tensioner of the blades. 6. Wind turbine according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that a centrifugal speed controller is used as a common tensioner.