JP2006077684A - Wind mill or water turbine where each blade revolves - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply provide a wind mill or a water turbine which is highly efficient in obtaining energy. <P>SOLUTION: In the wind mill or the water turbine which is rotated in a horizontal direction, an individual blade can be revolved and gears are integrally fixed, the rotation of the gears of the blades is intercoupled through gears around an output shaft and usually fixed and intermediate gears, and gearing contact between the gears is effected in two spots to reduce a resistance loss. The number of gears is set such that the blade effects half rotation as against one revolution of an output shaft. All the blades are set to rotate in the same direction in a fixed position. The blade in a position crossing orthogonally with a flow of wind or water is crossed orthogonally with a flow of wind of the output shaft and the blade on the 180 degree opposite to the output shaft is positioned in parallel to a flow of wind and water. Further, against strong wind, the angle is shifted to lower rotation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine or a water turbine that has a plurality of blades and rotates mainly in the horizontal direction, and by rotating the individual blades in the horizontal direction, the direction of the wind or water and the direction of rotation. On the side where the blades match, the blade is in the direction to receive the wind, and on the side where the rotation direction is opposite to the wind direction, the wind resistance is reduced, and the movement is smooth and reliable, and the structure is simple. It is related to the technology.

  Currently, the most commonly used wind turbines for power generation use the same propeller method as that of airplanes, in addition to the Savonius method, which has a wind receiving side that rotates horizontally and a resistance side, and blades There is a Darius type or a gyromill type which has a cross-sectional shape of the wing and generates a suction force by the passage of wind to make it a rotational force.

  The main force in the case of hydropower is the turbine, which is also an extension of the screw. The mainstream of a water turbine is that it rotates in the direction of flow in response to the resistance of water in the water and rotates in the opposite direction of the flow of water in the air with little resistance.

  All of these have excellent characteristics. In other words, the propeller method is a blade angle conversion technology that matches the wind speed using technology cultivated in airplanes. Turbine uses engine manufacturing technology. In the Savonius type, Darrieus type, and gyromill type, there are no movable parts other than the output rotation shaft.

  But there were also drawbacks. In the propeller type, the installation area needs to be large, and the amount of energy conversion per area is small. Propeller rotation is a single plane, but since the direction must be rotated according to the wind direction, the area occupied on the ground is at least a circle whose diameter is the length of the propeller. Moreover, since it rotates upward, the occupied area in the air becomes large as a result.

  In Darius type and gyromill type, which expands the blades in the vertical direction and rotates in the horizontal direction, energy can be obtained with an occupied area smaller than the ground occupied area of the propeller system, but a resistance part is generated during rotation, and a spiral shape is generated. Even in the Savonius equation, the wind receiving side and the resistance side are generated, and the difference is converted energy. Thus, further improvements in energy acquisition have been demanded for wind turbines.

  In the water flow, the water turbine method requires an inversion space at the top and cannot be used in the narrow upper and lower water channels, and the turbine method is excellent, but requires a large water flow and is expensive.

While focusing on these problems, various inventions have been made and the main ones are as follows. However, none of them has been put into practical use for unknown reasons. Perhaps some drawbacks were hidden.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-22626 JP 2000-54947 A JP 2000-337244 A JP 2001-65446 A JP 2001-227451 A JP 2002-339854 A JP 2003-278737 A JP 2003-343415 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-27845

  The present invention has been put into practical use by overcoming these problems. The flow receiving side is set in a direction orthogonal to the wind or water flow or in a direction advantageous for energy acquisition, and the resistance side of the flow is set in the flow of wind or water. In order to increase the overall energy acquisition efficiency by reducing the resistance close to the parallel to the blade, to reduce the loss of resistance by making the blade rotation transmission mechanism a simple gear mechanism, and to effectively change the wind speed to rotation The blades are arranged close to the rotation axis.

  Today, carbon dioxide pollution is a global problem. The biggest problem among them is that the amount of energy that depends on fossil fuels or nuclear energy is large. Solar power generation, small hydroelectric power generation, and wind power generation are in the limelight because of their adverse effects on the global environment. Power is being poured into dissemination.

  There are various methods for obtaining energy from the wind or water flow, particularly as rotational energy, and some have already been put into practical use. The most popular is the propeller type that rotates in the vertical direction, and the Darrieus type and Savonius type that rotate in the horizontal direction are widespread, and there are various methods that have not been put into practical use.

These are all excellent. There was a need for more efficient energy acquisition efficiency per installation area and energy acquisition efficiency per price.
Energy acquisition efficiency is a problem of how to reduce the difference between the area that receives the flow of wind or water and the area that becomes resistance, and a mechanism that efficiently converts this to energy in the direction of rotation is key.

  The key is how to make the blades larger and still reduce the resistance when resisting the flow of wind or water, and also a simple mechanism to reduce the resistance to transfer the energy obtained. It was crab.

  There has been an invention that has focused on it in the past, but the one that rotates one of its blades to reduce the air resistance is because it uses a timing belt for its rotation, so it has a large energy loss. Absent. The invention using a gear and a crank for rotating blades has a similar purpose, but this is not put into practical use because of the complexity of the mechanism.

  As a means for solving these problems, the present invention adopts a method of acquiring energy from the vicinity of the output shaft extending in the vertical direction by rotating the windmill or water turbine in the horizontal direction, and has a blade rotating in the horizontal direction, and further including the blade. The gears are fixed to the blades, and the gears that are normally fixed without rotating are placed around the output shaft, and the gear ratio of the rotary blades is set to 2, A simple mechanism with little resistance that the blade rotates 1/2 with respect to one rotation of the main body, with a fixed non-rotating gear set to 1 and a gear with an arbitrary number of teeth in the middle of it. As solved the problem.

  On the other hand, the selection of the number of teeth is for the purpose of making the blades rotate 1/2 while the windmill or the waterwheel makes one rotation, and the intermediate gear is integrated into two stages as two pieces, The number of teeth of the gear of the rotary blade may be reduced.

  As described above, the plurality of three or more blades rotate clockwise in FIGS. 3 and 4 by the wind from the bottom of the figure as the output shaft rotates. FIG. 4 shows the direction in which one blade changes as the output shaft rotates, and this direction is largely different from the direction of wind or water flow indicated by solid arrows. In this way, the wind turbine or the water wheel is rotated while the blades rotate, and this force is converted into energy in the rotational direction to acquire energy.

As shown in FIG. 4, the blades of the wind turbine or the water turbine are subjected to the flow of wind or water alternately by the continuous rotation of the entire mechanism. Between A and B centering on the left side, energy is received and the energy is changed in the clockwise rotation direction. Between C and D, there is no resistance to wind or water flow, and B to C, and D To A is slightly resisted. This resistance varies depending on the speed of the wind or water flow. When the flow is slow, the resistance portion is narrowed, and when it is fast, the resistance is widened. This is the reason why the positions of B and A have a width.
The energy acquisition efficiency can be increased by increasing the angle A to B of the portion that performs this energy conversion.

  In the case of a strong wind or water flow, energy acquisition can be reduced by rotating from the relevant position as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 with respect to the direction of the wind or water flow. For this purpose, the main body of the windmill or watermill may be rotated, or the stationary gear (e) that is normally fixed and does not rotate may be rotated.

This normally fixed, non-rotating fixed gear (e) is useful for changing the direction of the windmill or turbine to the most favorable angle for the wind, and may be rotated from the anemometer data. It can be connected directly.

  According to the present invention, a wind turbine or a water turbine having rotating blades rotates the output shaft by 1/2 while the blades are front and back, so that the angle of energy acquisition in the entire circumference of the rotating main body is increased. Large and the angle to receive resistance is small. As a result, the efficiency of energy acquisition with respect to wind or water flow is high, and it is suitable for contribution to energy acquisition that contributes to the global environment.

  A non-rotating gear having four blades and a gear ratio normally fixed is 30, a rotating blade gear is 60, and an intermediate gear is 30. This one started to rotate from a light breeze with a wind speed of 3 m / sec, and smoothly rotated at a wind speed of 30 m / sec.

  1, 2 and 3 show a small embodiment of the present invention. The one manufactured with a windmill diameter of 160 mm and blade dimensions of 90 mm x 60 mm started rotating at a wind speed of 10 mm / second, but the one manufactured with a windmill diameter of 260 mm and blade dimensions of 90 mm x 110 mm was 3 mm / second. Rotation started at the wind speed. Although it has not been made to make a large windmill, it is predicted from this fact that the performance in the case of a large windmill will rapidly increase.

  The latter output was measured by attaching a small generator to the shaft and emitting light. As a result, the light-emitting diode lit brightly at 5 m / sec, and further measurements could not be performed with the current equipment.

  When the latter wind turbine was put into running water and used as a turbine, its energy gain was too large to be measured.

  The latter was fixed to the ridge so that the water wheel was horizontal, the direction of the blades matched with the direction of water flow, floated on a wide river, and freely flowed against the water flow with a fixed string, The situation of good rotation was shown.

  For comparison, power generation was performed at a wind speed of 10 mm / second in another method of almost the same size, but electricity could not be extracted from this prototype. From this, the effectiveness of the present invention was sufficiently predicted. I was convinced of the effectiveness of implementing it on a large machine.

  The present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. Although this embodiment was made for wind, it was able to withstand the test under running water and exert its effect. FIG. 1 is a perspective view when the flow of wind or water is from the left front, in which the direction of the blades is drawn in a state where it is sent from the direction of the thick arrow. FIG. 2 is a side view of this, and FIG. 3 is an overhead view showing the relationship between gears and blades. Since the symbols are common to all the drawings, they will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 and partially FIG.

  The blade (a) is integrated with the shaft (b) of the blade, and a gear (h) is attached to this shaft with a pin (p). The gear (h) is meshed with the fixed gear (e) by a freely rotating intermediate gear (g). The blade (a) is rotatably mounted on the upper and lower blade mounting bases (c). The blade mount (c) is attached to the output shaft (d) with a pin (p), whereby the rotational force generated by the blade (a) is generated from the output gear (l) via the pin (p) to the generator. Is transmitted to the generator (m) through the input gear (n). In order to change the rotational position of the blade (a) according to the direction of flow of wind or water, the fixed gear (e) is formed by the gear (f) integrated with the output gear (i) and the fixed gear (e) of the stepping motor (j). A method of rotating a small amount of can also be taken. The main body is supported by the support (k) from the base (o).

A windmill or water turbine with blades that rotate at half the speed of the output shaft has good energy acquisition efficiency and does not require a large installation area. It can be installed on the top, etc., and is effective for small power generation. It is particularly effective at night and in cloudy weather where solar power generation is not possible.
In addition, when used in a water turbine, it can be used by placing it in a narrow flow path, or it can be used by floating on a river, making it easy to acquire electrical energy.

Perspective view Side view Overhead view Figure showing the direction change of the blade

Explanation of symbols

a blade b blade shaft c blade mount d output shaft e fixed gear f input gear to the fixed gear g intermediate gear h blade shaft gear i output gear to the stepping motor j stepping motor k strut l output gear m generator n input Gear o stand p Mounting pin

Claims (6)

  In a wind turbine or water turbine that rotates in the horizontal direction, a plurality of blades can be rotated individually and have a gear integrated with this shaft, and a gear is placed around the output shaft of the wind turbine or water turbine, usually fixed. Then, through a single gear, the gear integrated with the shaft of the blade is meshed, and the gear around the output shaft, the gear integrated with the shaft of the blade, and the number of teeth of the intermediate gear, A windmill or water turbine characterized by a combination of gears such that the rotation of the output shaft is one rotation of the blade and the rotation of the blade is one half.   When all the blades of a wind turbine or water turbine are in the same position, they face in the same direction, and the direction of that blade is perpendicular to the wind or water flow, and its output shaft 2. A wind turbine or a water turbine according to claim 1, wherein the blades at the opposite positions centering on the wind turbine are moved and rotated by 90 degrees so as to be parallel to the flow of the wind or water.   The direction of the blade of a windmill or water turbine is moved 90 degrees so that the blade at one position is orthogonal to the flow of wind or water and the blade at the opposite position around its output axis is parallel to the flow of wind or water. The wind turbine or water turbine according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine or the water turbine is rotated and the directional relationship with the flow of the wind or water is changed according to the flow velocity of the wind or water.   By rotating the gears around the output shaft as the wind or water flow direction and speed change, the tooth position is changed so that the blade at one position is always winded when the flow velocity of the wind or water is slow. The wind turbine or turbine according to claim 1, wherein the blades at a position orthogonal to the water flow and opposite to the rotation direction by 180 degrees are parallel to the wind or water flow.   By rotating the gears around the output shaft as the wind or water flow direction and speed change, the tooth position is changed so that the blade at one position is always winded when the flow velocity of the wind or water is slow. Or, it is perpendicular to the flow of water and the blades at 180 degrees opposite to the direction of rotation are parallel to the flow of wind or water, and the direction of the blades is further changed when the flow velocity is high. The windmill or water turbine according to claim 1. The direction of the main body is fixed to the surrounding object, and one of the blades at a position orthogonal to the flow of wind or water is orthogonal to the flow and the blade on the opposite side by 180 degrees is parallel to the flow. 2 windmills or watermills.

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