RU54164U1 - DEVICE FOR ARTIFICIAL RESET OF SNOW AVALANCHES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of preventive measures relating to avalanches to protect both people and railways, highways, industrial complexes, campsites, etc. from snow drifts. The utility model can also be attributed to the field of technology related to environmental safety, and it can be used to artificially dump snow avalanches.

The technical result of the utility model consists in reducing the cost of the device, increasing the accuracy of snow avalanche dumping, as well as increasing the safety and reliability of using a pneumatic device due to the use of high pressure air to rupture the thin-walled shell of the device in comparison with the known analogues, in which the shell shell is predominantly high pressure gases from the combustion of explosives.

The utility model in comparison with the known analogues is more convenient and advantageous to use, since for the artificial dumping of snow avalanches of the proposed design, the strict requirements that are imposed for the storage, transportation and operation of artillery shells are not required. In addition, which is a particularly significant advantage, specially trained maintenance personnel are not required for firing a pneumatic device. The proposed device has higher accuracy with artificial dumping of avalanches, as well as lower cost.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of preventive measures related to avalanches to protect both people and railways, highways, industrial complexes, campsites, etc. from snow drifts.

The utility model can also be attributed to the field of technology related to environmental safety, and it can be used to artificially dump snow avalanches.

Active preventive measures are known for initiating avalanche descent, which consist of a systematic artificial collapse of snow from avalanche slopes.

For the implementation of artificial dumping of avalanches, as a rule, artillery systems and pneumatic guns are used. In Russia, mainly mortars are used, as well as howitzers and anti-aircraft guns.

In the USA and many other countries, air cannons are used - "avalanchers" firing compressed air - avalanche bombs with very powerful explosives. In France, the Gazex system has been developed, which feeds an avalanche gas mixture that explodes on ignition.

Known pneumatic starter with destructible disk, protected by US patent No. 5365913 A with a priority of 20.07.93 [1].

The known device contains a storage tank with compressed air coming from a source. A launch tube is connected to the reservoir through a destructible disk. At a certain pressure value, the disk is destroyed and passes the released air to launch the projectile. The device allows repeated replacement of the disk after starting.

Signs common with the claimed device are:

- the use of compressed air energy for firing shells;

- the presence of a launch tube.

However, such a device is expensive, has low accuracy and short life. In addition, the main shortcomings include fragmentation shells remaining after firing, which always poses a potential risk to people and the environment.

A device is known, protected by US patent No. 5370033 A with priority from 09/30/93. called: “Pneumatic shooting device”) [2].

The known device comprises a barrel, a source of compressed gas, a channel connecting the source of compressed gas to the barrel, a blocker and a valve. The blocker closes the channel connecting the source of compressed gas to the barrel. The valve is located outside the barrel, connected to a source of compressed gas and controls the blocker. When the valve is activated, the blocker opens the channel connecting the barrel with a source of compressed gas, which ensures the supply of compressed gas to the barrel and a shot.

Signs common with the claimed device are:

- the use of energy of compressed air or gas for firing shells;

- the presence of the trunk - launch tube.

The disadvantage of this device is its relatively high cost, low accuracy and durability, as well as potential risks after each shot for people and the environment.

Among the artillery systems, we will single out the mortar, as the most used.

Common disadvantages of all standard artillery systems are: high cost of ammunition, insufficient accuracy, a large number

fragments and not always exploding shells - their number is up to 1% of the number of shots.

The disadvantage of the known devices should also include stringent requirements for storage conditions of shells, which limits the efficiency (in time) of the implementation of the dumping of avalanches.

According to the majority of coinciding essential features with the claimed utility model, a mortar shell was chosen as a prototype. This device is the closest in technical implementation.

The technical result of the proposed device is to increase the safety and reliability of the use of a pneumatic device due to the use of high pressure air to rupture the thin-walled shell of the device instead of taking place in the analogues of the rupture of the shell of the shell due to the high gas pressure from the burning of explosives.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed device for artificial avalanches of avalanches containing a launch tube, inside of which there is a device consisting of a body and stabilizers, the camera body is made in the form of a pipe segment, and the bottom is hermetically attached to the bottom with an opening passing into the saddle check valve, a stabilizer consisting of folding blades is attached to the outside, the top of the chamber is hermetically closed by a cover, a check valve with a shutter and a spring is placed inside the chamber, to the cover behind in-line chamber hermetically connected rupture compartment made in the form of a cylindrical thin-walled shell, rupture of which occurs at a certain air pressure, and a nozzle is located between the charging chamber and the rupture compartment.

Such a device allows to increase safety and reliability during artificial dumping of avalanches due to the fact that the camera body of such a device is made in the form of a pipe segment, the bottom with a hole is tightly sealed from the bottom, with a hole passing into the non-return valve seat, a stabilizer consisting of folding blades is attached to the outside , the top of the chamber is hermetically closed by a lid, a check valve with a shutter is placed inside the chamber

and a spring, a bursting compartment made in the form of a cylindrical thin-walled shell, which rupture occurs at a certain air pressure, is hermetically connected to the cover of the charging chamber, the charging chamber communicates with the bursting compartment through the nozzle.

The proposed utility model is illustrated in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the device.

Figure 2 illustrates the stabilizer device, consisting of folding blades.

Presented in figure 1, a pneumatic device for artificial avalanche descent contains a launch tube 1, in the lower part of which there is a hole 2 in the center. Inside the pipe there is a high pressure chamber 3 and a bursting compartment 4. The high pressure chamber 3 is made in the form of a pipe section 5. The bottom 7 is hermetically sealed by means of a seal 6 with a bottom 7, in the center of which there is a through hole 8, passing into the valve seat 9. A check valve is installed inside the high-pressure chamber, which consists of a shutter 10 with a spring 11. The top of the high-pressure chamber is hermetically sealed with a cover 12, and a bursting compartment 4 made in the form of a thin-walled cylindrical shell is sealed to it using a similar seal. The top of the bursting compartment is made taking into account the requirements for reducing the aerodynamic drag in the form of a hemisphere.

A nozzle 13 is installed between the high-pressure chamber and the loading compartment.

The work of the proposed device is as follows. At the initial moment of the shot, an impulse of high pressure air enters the hole 2 of the launch tube 1 from an autonomous source. Through the hole 2, air enters under the bottom 7 of the pneumatic device. Here, part of the air through the hole 8 and the shutter 10 of the non-return valve quickly opening under its action enters the high-pressure chamber 3, where it accumulates. Another part of the air enters the volume bounded by the bottom 7 and the launch tube 1. The process of filling high pressure air with the high pressure chamber 3 occurs during the movement of the device along the barrel of the launch tube 1. By the time

the outlet of the device from the barrel, the volume of the high-pressure chamber is filled and, under the action of internal pressure and the spring 11, the shutter 10 covers the seat 9. The stabilizer blades are opened.

Simultaneously with the increase in pressure in the high-pressure chamber 3, air flows into the bursting compartment 4 through the opening of the nozzle 13 installed in the cover 12. Upon reaching the maximum design pressure in the bursting compartment 4, it ruptures and the high-pressure air is released into the environment. The time of flow of air from the high-pressure chamber 3 to the bursting compartment 4, which corresponds to the estimated range of air discharge, is determined by the diameter of the nozzle 13.

Implementing a utility model of a utility model.

In the process of carrying out theoretical and experimental studies of the developed design of the pneumatic device, its optimal parameters were determined, namely the geometric dimensions (caliber of the device, diameter of the inlet of the saddle, the magnitude of the axial displacement of the piston, mass of the piston), the value of the total pressure of the supplied air. Based on the test results, a model workable sample was made, which was tested in laboratory and field conditions.

The model sample was tested in laboratory (model) conditions at St. Petersburg State University.

As the results of laboratory and field tests show, the proposed device can improve the reliability and safety of the device compared to the prototype due to the use of high pressure air to rupture the shell at a given point in space.

The tests of the utility model showed its high reliability - not worse than 95%.

In addition, the proposed device can improve the accuracy of the rupture of the shell at a given point in space. It can be noted that the range spread did not exceed 5%.

The proposed utility model has advantages over known analogues.

The device is more profitable and convenient to use, since when using a pneumatic device for artificial snow discharge

Avalanches of the proposed design do not require stringent requirements for storing, transporting and operating artillery shells. In addition, which is a particularly significant advantage, specially trained maintenance personnel are not required for firing a pneumatic device. The proposed device has, in comparison with well-known analogues, higher accuracy with artificial dumping of avalanches, as well as lower cost.

The great advantage of the proposed utility model, the experts present at the demonstration of the laboratory and field model of the device, noted, in addition to the above, a significant increase in labor safety when using this device, as well as reducing potential risks to people and the environment.

Information sources:

1. US patent No. 5365913 A from 11.22.94. Application No. 9393158 from 07.20.93, MKI F 41 B 4/00.

2. US patent No. 5370033 A dated 6.12.94. Application No. 93129726 from 09/30/93, MKI F 41 F 3/00.

Claims (1)

A device for artificial dumping of avalanches containing a launch tube, inside of which there is a device consisting of a body and stabilizers, characterized in that the camera body is made in the form of a pipe segment, the bottom with a hole is tightly sealed from the bottom, with a hole passing into the non-return valve seat, to the outside stabilizers consisting of folding blades are attached, the top of the chamber is hermetically sealed with a cover, a check valve with a shutter and a spring is placed inside the chamber, and the closure is hermetically connected to the cover of the charging chamber the first compartment, made in the form of a cylindrical thin-walled shell, the rupture of which occurs at a certain air pressure, and a nozzle is located between the charging chamber and the bursting compartment.