RU50293U1 - PNEUMATIC MATERIAL DELIVERY DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of technology related to environmental safety, and can be used to deliver materials to a given point in space. The device is used for conducting meteorological studies, by creating aerosol formations due to the ejection of material at a given point in space and further tracking them. The device can also be used to extinguish a fire, conduct degassing and decontamination of the area (when charging the device with an appropriate composition), as well as to localize the spread of oil stains on the water surface and other emergencies when it is necessary to exclude a person from being in a dangerous zone and ensure delivery of material to disperse it in this zone. The technical result consists in improving the quality of the dispersion of the material, increasing the reliability by simplifying the design, increasing the range and speed of formation of the aerosol cloud. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the projectile consists of a high-pressure chamber and a loading compartment, it excludes a movable element - a piston, which served to push out the scattered substance. The spread of material occurs by breaking the loading compartment, made in the form of a cylindrical thin-walled shell, due to high-pressure air, which is supplied through the nozzle from the high-pressure chamber. The use of the explosive principle of ejection of material in comparison with the process of pushing material out of the housing with the help of a piston reduces the time of formation of the aerosol cloud and its length, and also increases the efficiency of dispersion of the spreading material.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of technology related to environmental safety, and can be used to deliver materials to a given point in space.

The device is used for meteorological research, by creating aerosol formations by ejecting material at a given point in space and then tracking it.

The device can also be used to extinguish a fire, conduct degassing and decontamination of the area (when charging the device with a composition suitable for the purpose), as well as to localize the spread of oil stains on the water surface and other emergency situations where it is necessary to exclude the presence of a person in a dangerous zone and ensure delivery of material to disperse it in this zone.

State of the art

A device for scattering advertising sheets is known, protected by US patent No. 55535599 A with priority from 05.23.95 / 1 /. This device contains a pneumatic unit for spreading advertising sheets and a sleeve in which the sheets rolled into a tube are placed. The sleeve is installed in a pneumatic unit and has cardboard walls and no power bottom.

Advertising sheets are placed inside the sleeve in a folded position, and the width of the sheet is such that no more than 3 turns are required to fold the sheet into a ring of the required diameter, and the sheet length is three times the length of the sleeve.

A sign common with the claimed device is the use of pneumatics to spread the material, in particular, advertising sheets.

The disadvantages of the device are:

- lack of structural capabilities for placement of aerosols and other materials;

- the range is limited directly to the location of the installation.

Known Pneumatic starter with destructible disk, protected by US patent No. 5365913 A with a priority of 07.20.93 / 2 /.

The device contains a storage tank with compressed air coming from the source. A launch tube is connected to the reservoir through a destructible disk. At a certain pressure value, the disk is destroyed and passes the released air to launch the projectile. The device allows repeated replacement of the disk after starting.

Signs common with the claimed device are:

- the use of compressed air energy for firing shells;

- the presence of a launch tube.

Known invention (US patent No. 5370033 And with a priority of 09/30/93. Under the name: "Pneumatic shooting device") / 3 /. The device comprises a barrel, a source of compressed gas, a channel connecting the source of compressed gas to the barrel, a blocker and a valve. The blocker closes the channel connecting the source of compressed gas to the barrel. The valve is located outside the barrel, connected to a source of compressed gas and

controls the lock. When the valve is activated, the blocker opens the channel connecting the barrel with a source of compressed gas, which ensures the supply of compressed gas to the barrel and a shot.

Signs common with the claimed device are:

- the use of energy of compressed air or gas for firing shells;

- the presence of the trunk - launch tube.

The disadvantages of the device is the lack of structural capabilities for placement and subsequent scattering of various materials.

A device for setting false targets described in the international application WO 79/00658 with a priority of 02.22.79 / 4 /.

The device is intended for the formulation of aerosol formations from dipole reflectors. It includes an upward launch tube, in the lower part of which there is an opening for supplying high pressure air, and a projectile. The projectile installed in the pipe contains a housing forming a loading compartment in which the spreading material is placed.

The projectile is fired through the upper end of the launch tube using high pressure air. Material is released from the projectile at a certain time after the shot and form a cloud at a given height and required distance. For this, the projectile contains a first high-pressure chamber, where air initially enters during firing and is subsequently held by a non-return valve.

A second high-pressure chamber is located between the first chamber and the loading compartment. A piston device is placed between them, which serves to displace the spreading material with increasing pressure in the second chamber.

The throttle opening allows compressed air to pass from the first high-pressure chamber to the second chamber for a certain projectile flight time, which is necessary to prepare for the start of the aerosol cloud production.

Signs common with the claimed device:

- the use of compressed air energy for firing and scattering materials at a given point in space;

- the use of a launch tube that provides the equipment of the projectile with high-pressure air during its movement along the pipe and the subsequent direction of the projectile after the shot at the calculated point in space;

- the presence in the projectile check valve, which allows you to create a reserve of energy of compressed air and keep it sufficient to produce a dispersion of matter after a certain estimated time. The disadvantages of the known device are:

- limited (up to 100 m) material emission range;

- the complexity of the apparatus of the projectile and the associated limited reliability due to the presence of a movable piston to eject material delivered for spreading from the loading compartment;

- the distance of the aerosol cloud, caused by the time of movement of the ejecting piston with the material along the loading compartment of the projectile.

According to the majority of coinciding essential features with the claimed utility model, the Device for setting false targets / 4 / was selected as a prototype. This device is the closest in technical execution and can also be used to deliver materials to a given point in space.

The technical result of the utility model is to improve the dispersion quality of the material due to the explosive spreading principle, to increase the reliability of the device by simplifying the design, to increase the casting distance of the material and reduce the time of material ejection.

The proposed utility model allows to achieve the specified technical result due to the fact that the high-pressure chamber body is made in the form of a pipe segment, the bottom with a hole is tightly sealed from the bottom, with a hole passing into the non-return valve seat, the top of the high-pressure chamber is hermetically closed by a cover, and the reverse is placed inside the high-pressure chamber a valve with a shutter and a spring, a loading compartment made in the form of a cylindrical thin-walled shell, the rupture of which occurs directly to the cover of the charging chamber certain pressure air, high pressure chamber communicates with the loading compartment through the nozzle, part of the inner volume of the loading compartment is filled with material for spreading.

List of drawings

The proposed pneumatic device for the delivery of materials is illustrated in the figure, which shows a General view of the pneumatic device for the delivery of materials in section.

Presented in figure 1, the pneumatic device for the delivery of materials contains a launch tube 1, in the lower part of which there is a hole 2 in the center. Inside the pipe there is a high pressure chamber 3 and a loading compartment 4. The high pressure chamber 3 is made in the form of a pipe segment 5. To the lower part it is hermetically sealed with a seal b and the bottom 7 is connected, in the center of which there is a through hole 8, which passes into the valve seat 9. Inside the camera

a high-pressure check valve is installed, which consists of a shutter 10 with a spring 11. The top of the high-pressure chamber is sealed by a seal 6 with a cover 12, and a loading compartment 4 made in the form of a thin-walled cylindrical shell is sealed to it using a similar seal. The top of the loading compartment is made taking into account the requirements to reduce aerodynamic drag in the form of a hemisphere.

A nozzle 13 is installed between the high-pressure chamber and the loading compartment. The upper part of the loading compartment is filled with spreading material 14.

The work of the proposed device is as follows.

At the initial moment of the shot, an impulse of high pressure air enters the hole 2 of the launch tube 1 from an autonomous source. Through the hole 2, air enters under the bottom 7 of the pneumatic device. Here, part of the air through the hole 8 and the shutter 10 of the non-return valve quickly opening under its action enters the high-pressure chamber 3, where it accumulates. Another part of the air enters the volume bounded by the bottom 7 and the launch tube 1. The process of filling high pressure air with the high pressure chamber 3 occurs during the movement of the device along the barrel of the launch tube 1. By the time the device leaves the barrel, the volume of the high pressure chamber is full and internal pressure and spring 11, the shutter 10 overlaps the seat 9.

Simultaneously with the increase in pressure in the high-pressure chamber 3, air flows into the loading compartment 4 through the opening of the nozzle 13 installed in the cover 12. When the maximum design pressure in the loading compartment 4 is reached, it is destroyed and the material 14 is released into the environment. High efficiency

Dispersing the material is achieved through the use of high-pressure air energy, which fills all the cavities inside the material being spread.

The time of flow of air from the high-pressure chamber 3 to the loading compartment 4, which corresponds to the estimated range of material ejection, is determined by the diameter of the nozzle 13.

Examples of specific performance of the utility model.

In the process of conducting theoretical and experimental studies of a new pneumatic material delivery device, its optimal parameters were determined, namely geometric dimensions (device caliber, diameter of the inlet of the saddle, axial displacement of the piston, mass of the piston), and the total pressure of the supplied air. Based on the test results, a workable sample was made.

Using the explosive principle of spreading the material increases the dispersion efficiency of the material, since high pressure air fills all the cavities inside the spreading material. When the shell of the loading compartment ruptures, expanding air pulls apart the particles of the spreading material.

As the test results show, the proposed utility model allows to increase the reliability of the device compared to the prototype by simplifying the design (eliminating the movable piston to eject material from the loading compartment, changing the design of the non-return valve and the principle of dispersion of the material). The tests of the utility model showed its high reliability - not worse than 95%. Of the 50 pilot launches of the pneumatic material delivery device, only 3 failures were observed.

The proposed utility model allows to increase the casting distance of the material in comparison with known devices by about 2 times.

The spread of material due to the rupture of a thin-walled shell also reduces the time of ejection of the material. The length of the cloud decreases, and its diameter increases to 5-6 m.

The new device allows to increase the accuracy of the ejection of material at a given point in space, which is especially necessary for conducting meteorological studies by creating an aerosol formation and further tracking it. It can be noted that the range spread during the ejection of material from the device did not exceed 5%.

Table 1 shows the values of the casting distance of the material vertically upwards depending on the size of the nozzle diameter, obtained according to the results of laboratory and field tests of a utility model.

Table 1. Nozzle diameter (mm) 1,2 1,0 0.8 0.6 Range (m) fifty 100 150 200

References:

1. US patent No. 5553599A from 09/10/96. Application No. 447823 from 05.23.95, MKI F 41 B 4/00.

2. US Patent No. 5365913 A of 11.22.94. Application No. 9393158 of 07.20.93, MKI F 41 B 4/00.

3. US patent No. 5370033 A dated 6.12.94. Application No. 93129726 from 09/30/93, MKI F 41 F 3/00.

4. Patent WO 79/00658 of September 6, 1979. Application No. PCT / SE 79/00039 dated 02.22.79, MKI F 42 B 13/42. (prototype).

Claims (1)

Pneumatic material delivery device containing a launch tube, inside of which, in the center of the bottom, there is a hole for supplying high pressure air and a device consisting of a high pressure chamber with a check valve and a loading compartment with material, characterized in that the housing of the high pressure chamber is made in the form of a cut pipes, the bottom is hermetically attached to the bottom with an opening passing into the seat of the non-return valve, the top of the high-pressure chamber is hermetically closed by a lid, placed on the inside of the high-pressure chamber a brother valve with a shutter and a spring, a loading compartment made in the form of a cylindrical thin-walled shell, which breaks at a certain air pressure, is hermetically connected to the cover of the charging chamber, the high-pressure chamber communicates with the loading compartment through the nozzle, part of the internal volume of the loading compartment is filled with spreading material .