RU53380U1 - COGENERATION PLANT WITH LOCAL FUEL STIRLING ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of autonomous energy and cogeneration plants with Stirling engines, designed for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat. Achievable technical result - ensuring the possibility of operation of the installation on various types of local fuel (wood, peat, oil shale, etc.), increasing the life of the engine and simplifying the design of the heat transfer system from the engine to external consumers. During operation, the Stirling engine 1 produces useful energy that is converted into electrical energy using an electric generator 2. To cool engine 1, coolant is supplied to the refrigerator 18 from the cooling system 3, which transfers heat from the Stirling engine to the external heat supply system 7 and the environment using heat exchangers 11 and 5. To ensure the operation of the Stirling engine 1 from the gas generator 13 along the line 14, generator gas is supplied to the combustion chamber 15. For its combustion, preheated air is supplied along line 6. The exhaust gases from the combustion chamber 15 along the line 12 are fed to a waste heat exchanger-heat exchanger 8, where they transfer their heat to the coolant of the external heat supply system 7. To increase the life of the Stirling engine 1 and increase the durability of the combustion chamber 15, a part of the exhaust gases is returned through the highway 16 into the combustion chamber 15, which ensures a decrease in the combustion temperature of the mixture of the generator gas and air. To regulate the supply of exhaust gases to the combustion chamber 15, a control valve 17 is installed on the highway 16.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of autonomous energy and cogeneration plants with Stirling engines, designed for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat.

The principle of operation and the device of the Stirling engine are known, including a combustion chamber, a fuel nozzle, a heater, a hot cavity, a regenerator, a displacer, a working piston, a refrigerator, a cold cavity, a cylinder and a drive (G. Reeder., C. Hooper. Stirling engines. M., Publishing House "World", 1986, p. 55).

A device for generating gas for generating gas from local fuels (wood, peat, shale, etc.) and its use in internal combustion engines, in heating furnaces, in steam boiler rooms, etc. are known. (Tageev D.L. Use of local fuel. Leningrad, 1940, pp. 14-21). However, the use of generator gas in engines with an external supply of heat is unknown - in Stirling engines.

A device of a modern gas generator is known during operation of which the resulting generator gas contains up to 27% H2, with a lower heat of combustion of up to 5 MJ / m ³ (Leontyev A.K., Ponorkov N.V., Smolyakov A.F. Production and use of gaseous fuel from wood waste. Review, infr. - M.: VNIPIEIlesprom, issue 27, 1986. - 24 p.)

A device for a combined stirling installation for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat, including a Stirling engine with a generator on one shaft, a Stirling engine cooling system, comprising a pump and a heat exchanger-cooler through which an air supply pipe passes, an external heat supply system with a heat exchanger-utilizer of heat of exhaust gases and a preheater heat exchanger through which the external heat supply system is connected to the cooling system the Stirling engine, and the exhaust gas line (RF Patent No. 2196243, Bull. No. 1, 01/10/2003). However, the device of this cogeneration unit is not adapted to work on local fuel; it has a complex design associated with the use of steam.

The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the utility model consists in the possibility of operating the installation on various types of local fuel, increasing the life of the engine and simplifying the design of the heat transfer system from the engine to external consumers.

To achieve this technical result, a cogeneration unit with a Stirling engine using local fuel, including a Stirling engine with an electric generator on one shaft, a Stirling engine cooling system, which includes a pump and a heat exchanger-cooler through which an air supply line passes, an external heat supply system with a heat exchanger-utilizer of heat of exhaust gases and a preheater heat exchanger through which the external heat supply system is connected to the system cooling of the Stirling engine, and the exhaust gas line, is equipped with a gas generator that provides production of generator gas from various types of local fuel, a generator gas line connecting the gas generator to the Stirling engine combustion chamber, a partial exhaust return line to the Stirling engine combustion chamber, and a pump in the external system heat supply, providing movement of the coolant sequentially through the preheater heat exchanger and heat exchanger-heat recovery unit At the same time, wood, peat and oil shale can be used as local fuel.

The introduction of a gas generator in a cogeneration unit with a Stirling engine using local gas fuel, which ensures the production of generator gas and a partial return line of exhaust gases to the Stirling engine’s combustion chamber, allows us to obtain a new property, which makes it possible to use various types of local fuel for Stirling’s operation and increase the durability of the chamber combustion and heater of the Stirling engine by reducing the combustion temperature of the generator gas due to the supply to measure the combustion exhaust gases.

Figure 1 shows a cogeneration unit with a Stirling engine using local fuel.

A cogeneration unit with a Stirling engine using local fuel, includes a Stirling engine 1 with an electric generator 2 on one shaft, a cooling system 3 of the Stirling engine 1, which includes a pump 4 and a heat exchanger-cooler 5 through which the air supply pipe 6 passes, the system external heat supply with an exhaust heat exchanger-heat exchanger 8, a pump 9, a heat consumer 10 and a preheater heat exchanger 11,

through which the external heat supply system 7 is connected to the cooling system of the Stirling engine 3, the exhaust gas line 12, the gas generator 13, providing the production of generator gas from various types of local fuel, the generator gas line 14 connecting the gas generator 13 with the combustion chamber 15 of the Stirling engine 1 and the partial highway exhaust gas return 16 with a control valve 17. The cooling system of the engine 3 passes through the refrigerator of the Stirling engine 18.

A cogeneration unit with a Stirling engine using local fuel works as follows.

During operation, the Stirling engine 1 produces useful energy that is converted into electrical energy using an electric generator 2 located on the same shaft as engine 1. To cool engine 1, coolant is supplied to refrigerator 18 from cooling system 3. After cooling the engine 1, the heated coolant from the refrigerator 18 by means of a pump 4 enters the heat exchanger 11, where it transfers part of the heat to the coolant of the external heat supply system 7. Then, the coolant enters the heat exchanger-cooler 5, where it is cooled to ambient temperature by heat exchange with air entering the air supply line 6, and returns to the refrigerator 18.

To ensure the operation of the Stirling engine 1 from the gas generator 13, where the gasification of solid local fuel (wood, peat, agricultural waste, etc.) takes place, the generator gas is supplied to the combustion chamber 15 via line 14. For its combustion, preheated air is supplied along line 6. The exhaust gases from the combustion chamber 15 along the line 12 are supplied to the heat exchanger-heat exchanger of the exhaust gas 8, where they transfer their heat to the heat transfer agent of the external heat supply system 7. From the heat exchanger-heat exchanger of the heat of exhaust gas 8, the hot heat carrier enters the heat consumer 10, where it gives off heat, and then it enters the preheater heat exchanger 11, where it is partially heated from the coolant of the cooling system 3 of the Stirling engine 1. The circulation of the coolant in the external heat supply systems eniya 7 by means of pump 9.

To increase the life of the Stirling engine 1 and increase the durability of the combustion chamber 15, part of the exhaust gases through the line 16 is returned to the combustion chamber 15, which ensures a decrease in the combustion temperature of the mixture

generator gas and air. To regulate the supply of exhaust gases to the combustion chamber 15, a control valve 17 is installed on the highway 16.

Sources of information taken into account when preparing the application:

1. G. Reeder., C. Hooper. Stirling engines. M., ed. The World, 1986, p. 55.

2. Tageev D.L. Use of local fuel. Leningrad, 1940, pp. 14-21.

3. Leontiev A.K., Ponorkov N.V., Smolyakov A.F. Obtaining and using gaseous fuels from wood waste. Review, infr. - M.: VNIPIEIlesprom, issue 27, 1986.- 24 p.

4. RF patent No. 2196243, bull. No. 1 dated January 10, 2003 - a prototype.

Claims (1)

Cogeneration unit with a Stirling engine using local fuel, including a Stirling engine with an electric generator on one shaft, a Stirling engine cooling system, which includes a pump and a heat exchanger-cooler through which an air supply pipe passes, an external heat supply system with a heat exchanger-heat recovery unit exhaust gas and a preheater heat exchanger, through which the external heat supply system is connected to the Stirling engine cooling system, and the master exhaust gas, characterized in that it is equipped with a gas generator that ensures the production of generator gas from various types of local fuel, a generator gas line connecting the gas generator to the Stirling engine combustion chamber, a partial exhaust gas return to the Stirling engine combustion chamber, a pump in the external heat supply system, providing the movement of the coolant sequentially through the preheater heat exchanger and heat exchanger-heat recovery waste gas, while local fuel can be used wood, peat and oil shale.