RU53304U1 - MULTI-STOREY RESIDENTIAL HOUSE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to above-ground construction, namely to buildings with residential blocks on two or more floors. The objective of the proposed utility model is the creation of a technological house with a high degree of fire safety, with a maximum increase in the living area of the house without changing its building area. This problem is solved in the construction of a multi-storey residential building, which contains two successively located residential blocks of the corridor type with front and end walls located between the end walls of the blocks of the staircase and elevator unit, including a hall of each floor, flights of stairs, an elevator shaft with an opening, and fire-evacuation modules installed on the free end walls of residential blocks, while in each residential block in two rows there are transversely oriented apartment modules, each of which includes a core the first room, the living area of which is limited by the internal partitions of the apartment module, utilities, a ventilation unit, a combined sanitary unit, an entrance hall with a built-in wardrobe, the external partition of the apartment module and the kitchen, and the area of the apartment modules of the house is limited by the front and end walls of the residential units and external partitions of each row of apartment modules. Elevator shaft opening located

opposite the end wall of one of the residential blocks of the house. The internal partitions of the apartment modules are dismountable, perpendicular to them, in each apartment module there is a ventilation unit made in the form of a dividing element between the living room of the apartment module and its sanitary unit, the kitchen is a niche that adjoins the ventilation unit from the side of the living room, and the section of the external partition of the apartment module, located opposite the ventilation unit, is equipped with a technological niche in which engineering communications are concentrated stations, instrumentation and disconnecting devices with the possibility of free access to them from the corridor of the residential unit. Fire-escape modules are made in the form of evacuation ladders. Each flight of stairs is isolated from the corresponding hall due to the passage located between them, open to the outside, the transition, for example, a balcony. As a special case, one of the residential blocks can be offset parallel to the other block in the direction of the staircase and elevator unit.

Description

The utility model relates to above-ground construction, namely to buildings with residential blocks on two or more floors.

The well-known "9-storey 143 apartment building for small-family dormitories" (TsITP, Building catalog, part 2. Typical project 151-83-41 / 1.2, UDC 728.2.011: 691-413, June 1986), selected as a prototype of the proposed utility model.

The residential building contains two residential blocks of the corridor type with front and end walls. Between the end walls of the blocks is a staircase-elevator unit, which includes a hall on each floor, flights of stairs and an elevator shaft with an opening. Fire-evacuation modules in the form of balconies connected to each other by ladders and hatches are installed on the free end walls of the residential blocks. In each block in two rows are transversely oriented apartment modules, each of which includes internal and external partitions of the module, utilities, ventilation unit, living room, combined sanitary unit, hallway and kitchen.

To determine the area of premises and the building area of the house according to the prototype and further in the description of the utility model, the rules, terms and definitions are applied, according to SNiP 31-01-2003 of 06.23.2003 (Resolution of the Gosstroy of Russia of June 23, 2003 No. 109) where:

- The living area of the apartment module is determined as the sum of the areas of its living rooms;

- The living area of the house is defined as the sum of the living space of the apartment modules;

- the area of the apartment module of the house is determined as the sum of the areas of living rooms and utility rooms excluding loggias and balconies;

- the area of the apartment modules of the house is determined as the sum of the areas of the apartment modules;

- The building area of the house is defined as the horizontal sectional area along the outer contour of the house at the basement level, including protruding parts.

Residential building prototype has several disadvantages:

The living area of the house is only 49% of the area of its apartment modules.

The insufficient fire safety of the house is due to the implementation of fire-evacuation modules in the form of balconies connected to each other by ladders and hatches, which under normal conditions of a hostel will make it difficult to evacuate residents from apartment modules located in this sector of the house. Also, in the event of a fire in the residential blocks of the house, the space around the stairwells of the staircase and elevator assembly will quickly smoke and fill with carbon monoxide, which will make it impossible to evacuate residents in this sector of the house.

Engineering communications of the apartment modules of the house are concentrated in the section of the intermodular internal partition, which excludes direct access to them from the corridor for the purpose of prevention and control.

The location of the elevator shaft relative to the end walls of the house makes it possible to use only one elevator cabin in this shaft.

The objective of the proposed utility model is the creation of a technological house with a high degree of fire safety, with a maximum increase in the living area of the house without changing its building area.

This problem is solved in the construction of a multi-storey residential building, which contains two successively located residential blocks of the corridor type with front and end walls located between the end walls of the blocks of the staircase and elevator unit, including a hall on each floor, flights of stairs, an elevator shaft with an opening, and fire-evacuation modules installed on the free end walls of residential blocks, while in each residential block in two rows there are transversely oriented apartment modules, each of which includes a core the first room, the living area of which is limited by the internal partitions of the apartment module, utilities, a ventilation unit, a combined sanitary unit, an entrance hall with a built-in wardrobe, the external partition of the apartment module and the kitchen, and the area of the apartment modules of the house is limited by the front and end walls of the residential units and external partitions of each row of apartment modules. The elevator shaft opening is located opposite the end wall of one of the residential blocks of the house. The internal partitions of the apartment modules are dismountable, perpendicular to them, in each apartment module there is a ventilation unit made in the form of a dividing element between the living room of the apartment module and its sanitary unit, the kitchen is a niche that adjoins the ventilation unit from the side of the living room, and the section of the external partition of the apartment module, located opposite the ventilation unit, is equipped with a technological niche in which engineering communications are concentrated stations, instrumentation and disconnecting devices with the possibility of free access to them from the corridor of the residential unit. Fire-escape modules are made in the form of evacuation ladders. Each flight of stairs is isolated from the corresponding hall due to the passage located between them, open to the outside, the transition, for example, a balcony.

As a special case, one of the residential blocks can be offset parallel to the other block in the direction of the staircase and elevator unit.

The location of the elevator shaft and its opening opposite the end wall of one of the residential blocks of the house allows you to use two or more elevator cabins in the elevator shaft.

The living area of the apartment module of the house and the area of each apartment module can be easily increased by dismantling the internal partition of the apartment module.

The ventilation unit of each apartment module is installed perpendicular to the internal partitions of these apartment modules in order to separate the apartment module from the sanitary unit and the entrance hall with the ventilation unit.

The kitchen is made in the form of a niche for the purpose of its installation, reinstallation and dismantling within the apartment module.

The kitchenette is adjacent to the ventilation unit from the side of the living room. makes up part of the living space of the apartment module.

This relative arrangement of elements in each apartment module significantly increases the living area of the house.

The section of the external partition of the apartment module, located opposite the ventilation unit, is equipped with a technological niche in order to accommodate all engineering communications, instrumentation and disconnecting devices of each apartment module from the vertical row of the latter.

Providing access to utilities, instrumentation and disconnecting devices from the corridor of each residential unit increases the manufacturability of the house, as allows you to control and maintain data communications, devices and devices without the knowledge and involvement of residents of the house.

Fire-evacuation modules are designed as evacuation ladders with the aim of quick and unhindered evacuation of residents of apartment modules in this sector of the house.

The flight of stairs and the hall of the staircase and elevator assembly on each floor are isolated from each other due to the location between the flight of stairs and the hall, which is open to the external passage space, for example, the balcony with the aim of making the flights of stairs non-smoked in case of fire on a separate floor of the residential block of the house.

The above means of evacuation increase the degree of fire safety of the whole house.

As a special case, one of the residential blocks is shifted parallel to the other block in the direction of the staircase and elevator node in order to locate the house in a complex local landscape in residential areas.

The utility model is illustrated by the scheme, where:

figure 1 - blocking of residential blocks of a multi-storey residential building;

figure 2 - blocking the apartment modules of a multi-storey residential building;

figure 3 is a cross section of a residential block of a multi-storey residential building;

figure 4 - blocking of residential blocks of a multi-storey residential building (special case);

The multi-storey residential building (Fig. 1; 3) contains an underground parking 1, technical floor 2, two consecutively located residential blocks 3 and 4 with facade walls 5 and end walls 6. As a special case, the residential block 3 can be offset parallel to the residential block 4 in the direction of the staircase and elevator node 7 (Figure 4). The staircase-elevator unit 7 is located between the end walls 6 of the residential blocks 3 and 4 and includes: stairwells 8, the elevator shaft 9 with openings 10, the elevator cabins 11 and the hall 12 of each floor of the staircase-elevator assembly 7. The elevator shaft 9 and its openings 10 located opposite the end wall 6 of the residential block 4 of the house. Stairwell 8 and the hall of the staircase and elevator assembly 12 on each floor are isolated

from each other due to the balcony 13 located between them. Fire-evacuation modules in the form of evacuation stairs 14 are installed on the free end walls of 6 residential blocks 3 and 4. Each residential block 3 and 4 includes two rows of transversely oriented apartment modules 15 and corridor 16. Apartment module 15 (Figure 2) is a living room 17 with removable, self-supporting, with step-by-step internal partitions 18 of apartment module 15, ventilation unit 19, kitchenette 20, combined sanitary unit 21, hallway 22 with built-in wardrobe in external partition 23 of the apartment module 15 with the technological niche 24 and engineering communications located in the technological niche 24, instrumentation and disconnecting devices 25. The ventilation unit 19 is installed in each apartment module 15 perpendicular to its internal partitions 18. The ventilation unit 19 is made in the form a dividing element between the living room 17 of the module 15 and its sanitary unit 21 and, accordingly, the hallway 22 with a built-in wardrobe. Kitchen niche 20 with integrated kitchen equipment and household appliances is adjacent to the ventilation unit 19 from the side of living room 17 of apartment module 15. Kitchen niche 20 is closed by a folding corrugated partition or roll shutter 26. A section of the external partition 23 with technological niche 24 is located opposite the ventilation block 19 in the apartment module 15, and the technological niche 24 is made from the corridor 16.

The operation of a multi-storey residential building is carried out in accordance with the rules and norms of Russian legislation. The owner of two or more apartment modules 15 of this house has the opportunity to maximize his living space by dismantling the internal partitions 18 and, as a special case, the device of openings in the end walls occupied by the owner, apartment modules 15, thereby bringing it closer to 100%. At the same time, kitchen niche 20 is easily disconnected from one ventilation unit

19, is moved and mounted adjacent to another ventilation unit 19.

Maintenance and control of utilities, instrumentation and disconnecting devices of the 25th house is carried out by special services from the corridor 16 of residential blocks 3 and 4 of the house.

The proposed multi-storey residential building will be popular among young people due to the low cost of a separate apartment module and the possibility of acquiring living space in accordance with the financial capabilities of a young family.

Claims (4)

1. A multi-storey residential building containing two successively located residential blocks of the corridor type with front and end walls located between the end walls of the blocks of the staircase and elevator unit, including a hall on each floor, flights of stairs, an elevator shaft with an opening, and installed on free end walls of residential blocks, fire and evacuation modules, while in each residential block in two rows are transversely oriented apartment modules, each of which includes a living room, the living area of which is limited internal partitions of the apartment module, utilities, ventilation unit, combined sanitary unit, entrance hall with a built-in closet, external partition of the apartment module and the kitchen, and the area of the apartment modules of the house is limited by the front and end walls of the residential blocks and the external partitions of each row of apartment modules, characterized the fact that the opening of the elevator shaft is located opposite the end wall of one of the residential blocks of the house, while the internal partitions of the apartment modules are dismantled installed perpendicularly to them, a ventilation unit is installed in each apartment module, made in the form of a dividing element between the living room of the apartment module and its sanitary and technical unit, the kitchen is a niche that adjoins the ventilation unit from the side of the living room, and a section of the external partition of the apartment the module, located opposite the ventilation unit, is equipped with a technological niche in which engineering communications, instrumentation and disconnecting devices are concentrated and with the possibility of free access to them from the corridor of a residential block. 2. The multi-storey residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that the fire and escape modules are made in the form of escape stairs. 3. The multi-storey residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that between each flight of stairs and the corresponding hall of each floor there is a passage open to the external space, for example, a balcony. 4. The multi-storey residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the residential blocks can be offset parallel to the other block in the direction of the staircase and elevator node.