RU47212U1 - NEEDLE FOR FIXING BONE FRAGMENTS AND APPLICATION OF PERMANENT SKELETONAL EXTENSION - Google Patents

Abstract

 (51) The utility model relates to medicine, namely to orthopedics and traumatology. The essence of the model: for constant skeletal traction for the metaphysical part and the apophyses of the bones and for fixing fragments during bone osteosynthesis, use a spoke with the front part having a diameter 1 / 4-1 / 5 smaller than the rest of the body of the knitting needle and equipped with a sharpening, with screw thread throughout the length of the middle part of the needle, equipped with a cutting edge and with a smooth rear part having a flat shank. With the help of a screw, the spoke firmly and stably fixes bone tissue in the thin cortical and in the thickness of the spongy layer.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to traumatology and orthopedics. Especially effective is the use of the proposed knitting needle for fixing fragments and small bones, such as the bones of the wrist and tarsus, with a porous change in the bones, and also in the spongy bone tissue of the metaphyses and apophyses.

Treatment of bone fractures with permanent skeletal traction is one of the common problems in traumatology.

Known needle design, curved stepwise (VV Klyuchevsky. Damped skeletal traction. Yaroslavl, 1982). To hold the knitting needle with a drill, a hole is formed that is adequate to the diameter of the spoke, into which the spoke is held. The bent end of the spoke in steps prevents its axial forward movement in the postoperative period.

The disadvantage is that bone fragments are not fixed on the spoke and can move along it in the postoperative period, which often leads to decompression of bone fragments and the need for repeated operations, and the use of a drill and drill complicates the technology of osteosynthesis, making it more traumatic and dangerous.

It is widely used in traumatology and orthopedics for fixing bone fragments and traction of a straight needle made of a bioinert alloy, which is a thin, 2-3 mm in diameter, cylindrical body 120-250 mm long (A.I. Ashkenazi. Wrist joint surgery. M., "Medicine", 1990). Such a spoke is also carried along the channel,

formed with a drill and drill. The spoke indicated in the source mentioned above is the closest analogue of the proposed model.

Disadvantages: in the postoperative period, the spoke has the possibility of axial movement forward and backward, which often leads to decompression of fragments and the need for repeated operations; a drill and drill are required to carry out the spoke; To prevent axial movement of the knitting needle and the fragments located on it, one has to use various additional fixators that complicate the technology of osteosynthesis and lead to additional injury to the soft tissues.

The technical problems solved by the proposed utility model of the knitting needle are: preventing axial movement of the knitting needle in bone fragments in the postoperative period and creating a spoke design that excludes the use of a drill when it is carried into bone fracture.

The essence of the proposal is as follows. The front of the spoke is equipped with a sharpener designed to form a channel into which the spoke is held. The diameter of the front of the knitting needle is made with a diameter less than the diameter of the rest of the body of the spoke by 1 / 4-1 / 5.

On the middle part of the needle along its entire length, a thread is provided with a cutting edge. On the back of the knitting needle there is a smooth surface and a shank up to 1 cm long, representing in cross section a circle truncated at equal distances from the center by two parallel planes.

Distinctive features of the proposed knitting needle from the indicated analogue closest to it are: the presence of a sophisticated front part provided with a sharpening, the presence of a middle part equipped with a screw thread with a cutting edge and the presence of a shank designed to screw the unscrewing of the spoke. The back of the body surface is smooth.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by the drawings presented in figure 1. The spoke shown in FIG. 1 has: sharpening (1), refined end (2), front and side views; screw thread (3), front view and

sideways; screw thread cutting edge (4), front and side view; smooth back (5), front and side views; Shank (6), front and side views.

The application of the utility model of the proposed knitting needle is as follows. With both open and closed osteosynthesis, sharpening (1) at the front end (2) of the spokes pierces the skin and soft tissues to the cortical layer of the bone. Then the translational-rotational movement of the needle is carried out by the refined part (2) through the bone until the sharpening (1) comes out onto the surface of the opposite cortical layer of the bone. Further, until the stop of the cutting edge (4) of the screw thread (3) in the cortical bone layer. Both with open and with closed osteosynthesis, the needle is carried out in a translational motion to avoid excessive trauma to the skin and soft tissues. After that, the spoke is carried out by rotational movement using a screw thread (3) having a cutting edge (4). The needle is carried out until the bone fragments are fully compressed, which comes after the emphasis of its smooth posterior part (5) on the cortical bone layer. The shank (6) in the process of holding the knitting needles is used to put on a slot of a known special socket wrench with which the needles are rotated. If necessary, both ends of the spokes can be fixed in the ring of the Ilizarov apparatus of external fixation.

After the process of consolidation of bone fragments is completed, the needle is unscrewed by its reverse rotation.

With a short bone diameter and small fragments, when there is no need to fix the thinned front end of the knitting needle in the ring of the external fixation apparatus, first the thinned front end of the knitting needle with sharpening forms a channel in both bone fragments, then the thinned end of the knitting needle is cut off, and part of the spoke is screwed the thread (3) rotates into the fragments until they are articulated, which occurs after the abutment of the smooth part (5) of the spoke into the cortical layer of the proximal fragment.

It can be seen from the foregoing that the proposed useful model of knitting needles for fixing fragments clearly achieves the technical result: screw thread on the middle part of the knitting needle completely prevents the knitting needles from moving along its axis in the postoperative period, which ensures guaranteed consolidation of bone fragments, and a refined, sharpened front part of the knitting needle , allows for the implementation of knitting needles without the use of a drill and a drill.

The proposed model of the knitting needle is especially convenient for the osteosynthesis of small fragments of fragments of bone apophyses, small spongy bones of the wrist and tarsus, which have a thin cortical layer, as well as fragments of pink bones.

Claims (1)

A knitting needle for fixing bone fragments and applying permanent skeletal traction, made of a bioinert alloy, characterized in that its front part is sharpened, and the diameter of this part is made smaller by 1 / 4-1 / 5 of the diameter of the rest of the spoke body, the middle part of the spoke throughout its length has a screw thread with a cutting edge, the surface of the back of the knitting needle is made smooth and at the end it has a shank of up to 10 mm in length, representing in cross section a circle truncated at equal distances from the center by two parallel planes.