RU43147U1 - DEVICE FOR RESECTION OF JOINT SURFACES DURING ARTHRODESIS - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for resection of articular surfaces during arthrodesis refers to surgical instruments, in particular, for performing arthrodesis operations, i.e. joint closure. The device can also be used for bone resection, if necessary, to obtain parallel sections of bones in multi-fragmented fractures, when their synthesis is impossible, as well as in various pathologies (tumor, osteomyelitis, etc.). A device for resection of articular surfaces during arthrodesis includes a flat bit, a guiding element associated with the bit, mounted cantilever and parallel to the bit, a hammer. New in the device is that, the guide element is made in the form of a vertical plate, and the sharpening of the bit blade is directed towards the plate. The technical result achieved in this case is the provision of congruent surfaces of osteotomized joint bones. This, in turn, ensures the production of quality bone anelosis and significantly reduces the likelihood of postoperative complications.

Description

The utility model relates to surgical instruments, in particular, for performing arthrodesis operations, i.e. joint closure. The device can also be used for bone resection, if necessary, to obtain parallel sections of bones in multi-fragmented fractures, when their synthesis is impossible, as well as in various pathologies (tumor, osteomyelitis, etc.).

An important direction in improving the surgical instrument for bone resection is to obtain additional qualities due to a slight complication of the instrument (see, for example, AS USSR No. 1202566, A 61 B 17/16, 1986, No. 1574213, A 61 B 17/16, 1988, No. 1614798, А 61 В 17/16, 1989, No. 1648403, А 61 В 17/16, 1989, utility model No. 11044, А 61 В 17/16, 1999 . other).

For the prototype, a device for resection of bone tissue was selected, including a flat bit and a guide element in the form of spokes, and the guide element connected with the bit is mounted cantilever and parallel to the bit, and a hammer (see AS USSR, No. 2067847, A 61 B 17/16, 1997).

The disadvantage of such devices is the difficulty of creating congruent (parallel) surfaces of osteotomized bones, since additional precise drilling of bones under guide needles has to be performed, which also leads to additional injury. This, in turn, makes it difficult to obtain high-quality bone anelosis, and the likelihood of postoperative complications increases.

The aim of the invention is the simplest provision of congruent surfaces of osteotomized joint bones.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for resection of articular surfaces during arthrodesis, containing a flat bit, a guide element associated with a bit mounted cantilever and parallel to the bit and the hammer, and the guide element is made in the form of a vertical plate, and the sharpening of the blade blade is directed to side of this plate.

The introduction of the guide element in the form of a plate allows you to strike at the bit, focusing on the severed plane of the second bone of the joint or marking on

bones, which, in turn, allows for congruence (parallelism) of the surfaces of osteotimized bones with one pass. The exclusion of operations for drilling mating bones, as well as cleaning and fitting mating surfaces of bone sections, in turn, reduces the risk of postoperative complications.

Only the introduction of such a combination of elements: the implementation of the guiding element in the form of a vertical plate and the direction of sharpening the blade of the bit towards the plate, eliminates the disadvantage of the prototype, and various versions of the guiding element allow, with minimal modification, the use of a standard surgical tool.

In addition, according to the invention, in the simplest case, the bit and the guide element can be rigidly connected. However, to accelerate bone resection, the guide element can be mounted axially displaceable relative to the bit. When striking a chisel, the guide element plate is used as a support on the end face of the mating bone.

In addition, according to the invention, it is advisable to introduce a device to limit the axial movement of the guide element relative to the bit. As experience has shown, the displacement of the guide element relative to the bit should be sufficient for 2-3 passes of the device along each bone of the joint with an average force of blows with a hammer on the bit. In practice, this means that the axial displacement of the guide element relative to the bit can be limited to a range of 5-10 mm.

In addition, according to the invention, the guide element can be made with a collapsible cantilever part, with the possibility of changing the distance between the bit and the plate.

This is important when the distance between the cutting edge of the bit and the outside of the insert is limited to a range of 40-100 mm. Since such cases are quite rare, one or two collapsible console parts can cover this entire range.

As experience shows, the removed area of bone tissue usually lies in the range of 4-100 mm. However, more than 80% of cases occur in the range of 4-40 mm. A lower limit of 4 mm limits the thickness of the bit, and more than 40 mm it makes sense to remove bone tissue only in case of damage.

In addition, according to the invention, the guide element plate in the lower part may have a sharpening 8 (Fig. 4) directed towards the bit.

Sharpening 8 allows you to more efficiently clean off fragments of the bone of the joint and soft tissue from the plane of the cut of the mating bone, without the use of an additional tool, which somewhat speeds up the progress of the operation.

Figure 1 schematically shows a device for resection of articular surfaces during arthrodesis (a hammer is not shown); in Fig 2 is a view along A in Fig 1; figure 3 and 4 schematically shows the design of the device with a collapsible cantilever part of the guide.

A device for resection of articular surfaces during arthrodesis includes a flat bit 1 (Fig. 1), a hammer (not shown in the figure), a guide consisting of a cantilever part 2 and a plate 3, which is installed parallel to the bit 1. The guide is fixed on the bit 1 with using the fastener 4 rigidly or movably, due to the bore 5 of the hole in the vertical part of the console 2 (figure 2).

To ensure a wide range of distances between the bits, it is advisable to have a set of guides with different lengths of the console part 2 and various designs: non-separable and split.

Non-separable guides are advisable to have in those cases the thickness of the removed bones that are most often found in arthrodesis operations, for example: 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40 mm.

It is advisable to use collapsible guides for a range of 40-100 mm of the length of the removed bone tissue and they can be implemented either as one intermediate insert 6 (Fig. 3) or a set of a larger number of inserts, or as two (Fig. 4) cantilever elements, having the possibility of relative displacement and subsequent fixation of them relative to each other by the fastening element 7 (figure 4).

It should be noted that, as experience has shown, when using a device with a collapsible guide (Fig. 3 or 4) at large distances between bits (up to 100 mm or more) in a number of cases, it is enough to make 2-4 passes by the device along each joint bone. In this case, basic congruent cutting planes are formed, which can be the basis for completing resection of the articular surfaces with a conventional chisel.

The plate 3 of the guide element in the lower part may have a straight cut (figure 1), or sharpening 8 (figure 4), directed towards the bit.

Sharpening 8 allows you to more efficiently clean fragments of the bone of the joint and soft tissue from the plane of the cut of the mating bone, without the use of an additional tool, which somewhat speeds up the progress of the operation.

Claims (9)

1. Device for resection of articular surfaces during arthrodesis surgery, including a flat bit, a guide element associated with a bit mounted cantilever and parallel to the bit, a hammer, characterized in that the guide element is made in the form of a vertical plate, and the sharpening of the blade blade is directed to the side this plate. 2. The device for resection according to claim 1, characterized in that the bit and the guide element are rigidly connected. 3. The device for resection according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide element is mounted with the possibility of axial displacement relative to the bit. 4. The device for resection according to claim 3, characterized in that a device is introduced to limit the axial movement of the guide element relative to the bit. 5. The device for resection according to claim 4, characterized in that the axial displacement of the guide element relative to the bit is limited to a range of 5-10 mm. 6. The device for resection according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide element is made with a collapsible cantilever part, with the possibility of changing the distance between the bit and the plate. 7. The device for resection according to claim 6, characterized in that the distance between the cutting edge of the bit and the outer side of the plate is limited to a range of 4-100 mm 8. The device for resection according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance between the cutting edge of the bit and the outer side of the plate is limited to a range of 4-40 mm 9. The device for resection according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate of the guide element in the lower part has a sharpening directed towards the bit.